環境工学総合シンポジウム講演論文集
Online ISSN : 2424-2969
2019.29
選択された号の論文の67件中1~50を表示しています
  • 豊田 晃生, 森田 祥一郎, 川島 豪
    セッションID: IJ101
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    Because the machine becomes complicated, human beings cannot monitor the condition of the machine by only observing it from outside or listening to the operation sound. In order to prevent serious accidents, it is necessary that the machine informs the condition to human beings instantaneously, and that human beings respond appropriately. That is, the human machine interface is important. When human beings drive a car, visual, auditory and olfactory senses are used. For the visual sense, it is used for grasping the map information displayed on the car navigation system in addition to grasping the road and traffic conditions, so there is no margin for it. In this study, vibration stimulus using a chair with a built-in vibration generator applying speaker technology are proposed to inform a driver about the risks. And suitable vibration patterns are created for some driving situations. Then, the possibility is evaluated by the experiments. The result indicates that the capability propagating more necessary information for further safe driving by vibration.
  • 新田 琢磨, 山内 伸亮, 佐藤 篤, 河井 勇樹, 北川 敏樹
    セッションID: IJ102
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    In the Sanyo Shinkansen railway line, the wayside noise along the line has been reduced by the improvement of the sound barriers. The configurations of the barriers have been arranged differently by taking account of the noise at each section along the line. Furthermore, it is necessary to make the barriers be renewed in order to maintain the facilities on a sustainable basis. In this paper, the simulations for four types of the barriers are carried out by using scale model experiments, and the results obtained by the model experiments are compared with those by the field measurement.
  • 川口 二俊, 末木 健之, 井上 達哉, 北川 敏樹, 金元 啓幸, 葛田 理仁, 清水 康博
    セッションID: J101
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    Measurements and theoretical studies related to wheel/rail noise have been carried out widely and thoroughly. The wheel/rail noise from 250 Hz to 4 kHz significantly influences the wayside noise along railway lines. However, when a train runs on a sharply curved track, squeal noise due to wheel and rail interactions in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 8 kHz has greater contribution to the total wayside noise. In this paper, field tests in RTRI’s test line were carried out in order to understand the characteristics of squeal noise. In this paper, the contribution of the wheel and rail radiations to squeal noise are investigated by using the measurement results of wheel and rail vibrations and wayside noise. It is found that the dominant noise source is inside leading wheel in 2 kHz at the speed of up to about 30 km/h. Furthermore, it is found that the rail noise has lower contribution to squeal noise.
  • 清水 康博, 川口 二俊, 末木 健之, 井上 達哉, 北川 敏樹, 金元 啓幸, 葛田 理仁
    セッションID: J102
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Measurements and theoretical studies related to wheel/rail noise have been carried out widely and thoroughly. The wheel/rail noise in the frequency range of 250 Hz to 4 kHz significantly influences the wayside noise along railway lines. However, when a train runs on a sharply curved track, squeal noise due to wheel and rail interactions in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 8 kHz has greater contribution to the total wayside noise. In this paper, measured results of noise close to rolling wheel during running are shown for tracks with different curve radius. The dominant frequencies of squeal noise are 1125 Hz and 2000 Hz at the curved section, whereas the noise levels are not necessarily equal for each section. In addition, the squeal noise at these frequencies tends to increase with the train velocity but become saturated at speed over 20 km/h. Furthermore, squeal noise tends to become greater as the curve radius is smaller. These results suggest that level of squeal noise depends on not only curve radius but also the track conditions.
  • 井上 達哉, 宇田 東樹, 北川 敏樹
    セッションID: J103
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    When a high speed train runs, one of the major aerodynamic noises is generated from bogies. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the mechanism of aerodynamic bogie noise in detail. In this paper, in order to understand the aerodynamic bogie noise, a field test was carried out with a one-dimensional linear array, in which microphones were arranged in a line to the rail direction. As a result, it was found that the linear array can be appropriately measured the acoustic characteristics of the aerodynamic bogie noise.
  • 光用 剛, 小林 樹幸, 長尾 恭平, 平川 裕雅, 臼田 隆之, 若林 雄介
    セッションID: J104
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    Reduction in aerodynamic noise emitted from a pantograph is an important subject for reducing environmental impact and speed-up of Shinkansen trains. In this study, reduction of aerodynamic noise emitted by pantograph head and its support considering bidirectional train operation was investigated. As a result, it is clarified that combination of applying smooth profile pantograph head considering bidirectional operation and applying porous material to pantograph head support can reduce aerodynamic noise in both knuckle forward and knuckle backward orientation.
  • 光用 剛, 長尾 恭平, 小林 樹幸, 平川 裕雅, 臼田 隆之, 若林 雄介
    セッションID: J105
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    Reduction in aerodynamic noise emitted from a pantograph is an important subject for reducing environmental impact and speed-up of Shinkansen trains. In this study, applying condition, i.e. effective porous diameter and partial embedded domain, of porous material to pantograph head support considering bidirectional aerodynamic noise reduction was investigated. As a result, it is clarified that difference of diameter of porous cell does not affect aerodynamic noise reduction. Furthermore, partial embedded domain for porous material are proposed.
  • 佐藤 大悟, 豊原 匡志, 尾本 章
    セッションID: J106
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    In the noise prediction for railway viaducts, the concrete noise barriers are often treated as the rigid walls. Assuming that the sound insulation panels are additionally installed, of which sound insulation performance is lower than that of the concrete noise barriers, it is desirable to take the performance into consideration to avoid the overestimation of noise reduction performance. In this study, the sound insulation performance of the panel is regarded as a damping component and its characteristics is given by associating the complex sound speed with the transmission loss of the panel in FEM acoustic analysis. As a result, it was confirmed that the attenuation corresponding to the transmission loss of the sound insulation panel can be set appropriately for the plane wave propagating model in the three-layered media. In addition, it was concluded that the difference due to the transmission loss of the additional sound insulating panel can be evaluated by comparison with the case where the additional part is regarded as a rigid wall.
  • 田淵 聡
    セッションID: J107
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    A Topology optimization attracts attention as a useful technique because of its flexibility in the design and applied to the various fields. Focusing on the acoustic field, there are some studies on the optimization design of an acoustic muffler by topology optimization. In the conventional topology optimization method, however, uses sensitivity analysis and an optimized shape depends on the initial shape. This paper presents a design method of an acoustic muffler using topology optimization based on normalized Gaussian network and genetic algorithm. This method realizes the design of an acoustic muffler under strict constraint condition without designing the initial shape. The optimized result of an acoustic muffler is presented to show usefulness of the proposed method.
  • 後藤 達彦, 江波戸 明彦
    セッションID: J108
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    In this paper, we propose the active noise control method for the rotation sound sources. In case the rotation sound sources has zero lob mode, this lob mode is radiate from the duct fan without attenuation in the duct. Therefore, noise control is need for the rotation sound sources has zero lob mode. From the view of active noise control (ANC), we can treat this zero lob mode as the plane wave radiation from the duct. Therefore, we propose the ANC method with the two control speakers set outside of the duct. The point of this method to attenuate zero lob mode are the small number of the control speakers and control speakers are set outside of the duct. Moreover, we verify this method with the simulation and experiment. In the experiment of duct fan with two blade, the noise attenuation level around the duct was from 8 dB to 12 dB.
  • 齋藤 充, 白石 伸夫, 若林 雄介, 栗田 健, 藤本 隆裕, 市川 雄基
    セッションID: J109
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    It is necessary to reduce the lower-part aerodynamic noise of Shinkansen to increase its speed. In this paper, we focused on aerodynamic noise of brake discs generated by air flow through the ventilation route of disc fins, which is a major noise source of lower-part noise. To investigate the noise generation mechanism, we conducted ventilation noise tests and it is found that the noise can be reduced by controlling the ventilation flow in disc fins. We improved shape of the disc rib based on the result and the improved disc reduced the overall noise by 2.8dB.
  • 柴田 克彦
    セッションID: J110
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    NEDO project have developed a monitoring system for early fault detection and ensuring soundness of the pumps used in heat supply facilities. The feasibility study is obtaining the cause and effect relationship of faults. This paper presents the result of test conducted in which imitational fault was introduced to understand actual operating conditions and measuring vibration acceleration, etc. The failure of bearing increased current value, surface temperature, vibration acceleration and power spectrum of vibration acceleration. In addition, we verified that it can detect the failure using the piezoelectric MEMS energy harvester.
  • (About the Use of the JSME Specification Template File)
    三枝 捷人, 北村 敏也
    セッションID: J111
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    We’ll describe a system for spatially understanding the area noise environment. Currently, noise regulations are regulated by the noise emissions of each target. However, in reality, we are surrounded by multiple noise sources, and what we feel is the total amount of sounds emitted from all sound sources. So I am developing a system that automatically measures the total noise of the area and displays it on a map. This system teaches us the local sound environment and helps solve problems.
  • 松川 岳嗣, 八田 いぶき, 奥野 聡介, 吉田 準史
    セッションID: J112
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    In this study, annoyance of vacuum cleaners were evaluated when the participants operated the machine (active condition) or they sat on a chair (passive condition) to investigate the influence of the mental state on the sound quality evaluation. As the result, averaged annoyance score of the passive test was significantly larger than that of the active test. In addition, the difference of the annoyance score between passive and active conditions in A-weighted SPL was estimated by using the relationship between the subjective annoyance score and the SPL of the evaluated sound. The result indicated that the SPL of vacuum cleaner in the passive condition was necessary to be decreased about 5 dB to equalize the annoyance in the active condition.
  • 宮本 洋輔, 平尾 拓也, 吉田 準史
    セッションID: J113
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    In this study, we attempted the noise reduction of an air handing unit model considering the contribution of each part. By applying operational transfer path analysis, the radiated noise at around motors were found to have high contribution to the response point (front side noise) around 200 Hz band. Furthermore, the resonance in the motor unit case was clarified to be the main factor. Then, for the reduction of the motor noise in the unit, a plastic plate was inserted to separate the inside volume. As the result, the unit radiated noise at 200 Hz band could be decreased well.
  • 土志田 卓, 吉永 隼人, 御法川 学, 三國 恒文
    セッションID: J114
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    The purpose of this study is to reduce the flow noise of a louver-type diffuser and to obtain knowledge for noise reduction design. The sound source and acoustic characteristics of the noise generated from a Louver-type diffuser were investigated by experiment and numerical analysis (CFD). The experiment was performed using an anechoic chamber capable of low-noise air supply. As a result, it was confirmed that noise such as a whistle sound was generated from the diffuser, and the peak frequency shifted to a high frequency depending on the wind velocity. Moreover, it was clarified that the cause of the whistle noise was the butting-joint and cavity of the blade. In addition, it was found by CFD analysis that closing the cavity reduces the physical quantity related to the flow disturbance such as pressure fluctuation.
  • 飯田 明由, 横山 博史, 加藤 千幸
    セッションID: J115
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    The most suitable method for aeroacoustics simulation is the direct method based on the compressible Naver-Storkes Equation. However, it is required a large amount of computational resources. The decomposition method of the aerodynamic noise simulation can be solved problems of complex geometry such as automobiles with less computational resources. One of the considerable issues of the decomposition method is which noise sources should be selected in numerical simulations. In order to estimate aerodynamic noise radiated form an automobile, numerical simulations were conducted with an acoustic perturbation equation (APE) and the Lighthill equation (LE). In the aerodynamic noise analysis using the Lighthill tensor, it is possible to obtain the sound field closely related to the flow field including the pseudo sound field, but it is difficult to accurately obtain the sound source term including the second derivative. In the case of the APE, not only it becomes easy to obtain the sound source, but it is also possible to separate the sound and the flow field near the vehicle. This advantage is very important in predicting interior noise. It was also found that the second order differential terms of the pressure field of the flow field contribute little to the sound propagation.
  • 吉永 隼人, 土志田 卓, 御法川 学, 三國 恒文
    セッションID: J116
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    In order to establish prediction technology of fluid sound in air conditioning duct system, the prediction technology by numerical analysis is required. In this study, noise and pipe resonance as basic phenomena of fluid noise generated in the air conditioning duct were predicted by using numerical analysis. An experimental setup for the simulation model was installed in an anechoic room with supplying a smooth air flow and the acoustic characteristics of the noise from a square cylinder and a split plate at the duct end with the pipe resonance were observed. The simulation results reproduced the discrete frequency by the Aeolian tone and pipe resonance observed in the experiment qualitatively.
  • 森 正明, 石原 国彦
    セッションID: J117
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    An aerodynamic sound generated by a flow inside a duct is one of the noise problems. Flows in ducts with uneven surfaces such as grooves or cavities can be seen in various industrial devices and industrial products such as air conditioning equipment in various plants or piping products. In this paper, we have performed experiments and simulations to clarify acoustic and flow induced sound characteristics of L - shaped duct with a shallow cavity installed. The experiments and simulations were performed under several inflow velocity conditions. The results show that the characteristics of the flow induced sound in the duct are strongly affected by the acoustic characteristics of the duct interior sound field and the location of the shallow cavity. Especially, it was found that the acoustic characteristics were affected by the location of the shallow cavity at high frequencies above 1000 Hz.
  • 栗林 景介, 井上 萌ミ, 林 秀千人, 奥村 哲也, 吉川 翔太
    セッションID: J118
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    Noise performance of the range hood is recently concerned to improve the quality of the life style. It is required to reduce the noise without reducing the flow performance. In this report, it is researched the sound source characteristic of the new type range hood. It is cleared that the broad band noise is mainly generated from the fan unit. The remarkable part is closely relative to the straightening plate.
  • 森下 達哉
    セッションID: J119
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    This paper describes the analysis of acoustic characteristics of duct-silencer in consideration of loop components in sound field. The purpose of this research was to clarify the validity of the calculation result of the silencer simulating the loop components in the hole. We measured the transmission loss of the expansion silencer based on the transfer function method. It was possible to model the acoustic characteristics of the expansion silencer using a parallel network system. We investigated the transmission loss of the expansion silencer with extended-tube. The calculated results based on the equivalent circuit and the experimental results showed the same tendency. We conclude that the calculated results of the characteristics of the silencer simulating the loop components in the hole based on the equivalent circuit are valid.
  • 黒沢 良夫, 山下 剛, 尾崎 哲也, 藤田 優希, 村上 昌之, 高橋 学, 中泉 直之
    セッションID: J120
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    The performance enhancement of the acoustic insulation is demanded for the high frequency (200Hz~500Hz) for interior noise of automobile. A carpet having urethane adhered to a rubber skin is generally laminated on a floor panel of an automobile. Even if the weight is the same, it has been confirmed experimentally that the panel vibration greatly differs in the case of urethane. In order to elucidate this mechanism, the vibration transmission rate was measured using a test apparatus in which a carpet was laminated on a panel simulating the floor of an automobile. In addition, we modeled this experimental apparatus with finite elements and analyzed the vibration during displacement excitation. Biot-Allard model was used for felt and urethane. We calculate using separately identified Biot parameters and compare with experimental results and introduce the change of vibration and obtained findings when material is changed.
  • 黒田 勝彦
    セッションID: J121
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    A structural optimization method of subsystems to realize desired SEA parameters was proposed by the authors in the past studies. This method is based on a combination of SEA and FEM calculation, calculating repeatedly until satisfying the value of objective functions under arbitrary constraints. As a result of applying the proposed method to a simple structure consisting of two flat plates connected in an L shaped configuration, the design variable is taken as the thickness of the FEM element, a subsystem structure with the desired value of the CLF or power flow between subsystems for the one frequency band or multi frequency bands were constructed. However, it is difficult to apply the optimal results to real machine structure because of setting the thickness of the FEM element as the design variable. In this paper, the method is also validated through numerical analyses, using a finite element method, of an L shaped plate, the subsystem is grouped into a plural elements, and the each grouped element is set as a design variable, which should take a discrete value, the total mass is taken as a constraint function in order to minimize CLF12 at one frequency band.
  • 武藤 大輔, 佐藤 航, 吉澤 尚志
    セッションID: J122
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Operational transfer path analysis is important in considering the countermeasure structure of the operating actual product for noise and vibration problems, but in the conventional method based on the Least Square Method (LSM), there are some problems such as reliability of the obtained results cannot be discussed. Therefore, we studied a method of Bayesian estimation of the FRF level as a decibel value and produced a trial program to calculate by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, then verified the accuracy with the 2-input 1-output model. As a result, it was confirmed that the FRF level can be estimated with the reliability given as the probability distribution, and the expected value can be estimated with an error of 1.1 dB with respect to the true value of the preset FRF level.
  • 山岸 太朗, 小林 潤, 村上 颯太
    セッションID: J201
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Waste flexible printed circuit (WFPC) contains a number of precious resources such as base and noble metals. In this research, we propose a new separation / recovery technology using high frequency induction heating as a recycling process of WFPC. The peeling strength of the sample heated by high frequency induction heating was quantitatively evaluated using a tensile tester, and the effect of sample dimensions and heating conditions on adhesive properties was experimentally investigated. As a result of the high frequency induction heating experiment, it became clear that the coil current when the FPC simulated sample is peeled decrease with increase in heating area and decrease in sample thickness. As a result of the tensile test, there was a difference in peeling behavior between the unheated sample and the heated sample. It was found that the peeling tensile force of the heated sample increased with increase in the coil current. In addition, the peeling tensile force showed a tendency to decrease after reaching the maximum. Ultimately, the peeling tensile force of the sample heated at the critical current value was decrease than that of the unheated sample.
  • 山田 雅和, 行本 正雄
    セッションID: J202
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Global warning is being now regarded as a problem because of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air. We pay attention to bio diesel fuel (BDF) for this background. It is purposed to improve quality degradation which is the fault of BDF. We use a small type of diesel generator in the experiment apparatus. In the experiment methods, 8 kinds of BDF and light oil are put in a fuel tank respectively. During the operation, the exhaust gas is analyzed and the electric power is measured. The fuel consumption is calculated respectively. BDF with additive of fluid improvement is low temperature is effective and solid occurrence is prevented. We don’t know the effects on additive of cetane number improvement and oil cleaner used electrostatics.
  • 丸山 直樹, 的場 文哉, 嶋中 亮太, 廣田 真史
    セッションID: J203
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
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    Superheated steam is applied to oily waste metal cutting chips disposed from metal-working factories for degreasing, and the effectiveness of introduction of this system for waste metal recycling is evaluated. In the experiment, a practical circulation-type superheated steam degreasing system is introduced. However, this system consumes higher specific energy than conventional centrifugal oil separation or compression systems. Therefore, it is expected to find an optimum operation condition of this system for practical application. In this paper, the influence of the process temperature and steam flow rate on the degreasing performance and energy consumption are evaluated. This degreasing system consumes considerable energy for the preheating of system equipments and steam generation. The energy recovery time, i.e. energy recovery capacity of waste material, which reduces the effect of energy consumption of preheating is estimated as well. As a result, a superheated steam waste degreasing system for oily waste metal cutting chips can well reduce the adhesion rate of oil of less than 1.0%, which is difficult to attain by other degreasing methods. The relative relationship of energy consumptions of preheating and degreasing operation is numerically shown. The effective operation condition for practical application is proposed.
  • 鈴木 康夫, 武山 陽平, 森下 桂樹, 山本 裕介, 野田 達将
    セッションID: J204
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    To remove dusts on the boiler heating surface is effective to improve the efficiency of power generation in municipal solid waste incineration plants. But it is difficult to remove dusts on the radiation and convection chamber of the boiler during operation, so that the flue gas temperature at outlet of radiation chamber becomes high and high. To solve these problems, We tried two types new boiler cleaning systems and have good effects.
  • 小川 聡久, 渡邉 大智, 胡 浩, 小野田 弘士, 渡邉 洋一, 山口 純二
    セッションID: J205
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    We investigated a combined system of the garbage disposal facility and sewage treatment facility in Japan. We evaluated the environmental and economic efficiency for the facilities with waste disposal scale of 300t / D and 50t / D in six constructed scenarios. To get information about the details of construction and maintenance costs, we conducted a questionnaire survey with five plant manufacturers. From our analysis results, we found that in the facility scenario with a waste disposal scale of 300t / D, the installation of a combined waste treatment facility and a sewage treatment facility costs 2.28 billion yen annually and emits 15991t-CO2 / year. At the 50t / D facility scenario, the environment and the economic factors were traded-off. From the results of our sensitivity analysis, it was found that the annual CO2 emissions can be reduced by 12448t-CO2 / Y and the annual cost can be reduced by 150 million yen when the ratio setting of garbage is set to 15% to 45%.
  • 塚本 和峻, 義家 亮, 成瀬 一郎, 植木 保昭, 傳田 知広, 薄木 太一
    セッションID: J206
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    An incineration process is the most dominant method of the waste disposal in Japan. A stoker furnace is widely used for the waste incineration. Recently, in the stoker furnace, low air ratio and high temperature incineration have been applied increasingly. However, they result in the increase in the amount of air pollutant NOx generated due to flame instability. Especially, it is difficult to control NOx production in char combustion. In this research, in order to evaluate the NOx generation mechanisms in char combustion of waste incineration process, RDF char burning experiments were carried out, investigating the combustion behaviors and exhaust gas compositions. The incineration experiments were conducted at different temperatures and gas conditions such as O2, CO2, steam, EGR(Exhaust gas recirculation). The char-NOx production behavior showed different behaviors depending on experiment conditions. In particular at the steam gas and EGR conditions, the char-NOx concentration was very high due to the steam gas shift reaction.
  • 妹尾 悟史, 出田 武臣, 鬼塚 久和
    セッションID: J207
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Sewage sludge is being reduced in volume and solidified for utilizing fuel. Higher drying efficiency is required to save the energy. In the drum sewage sludge dryer, the stirrability of the sludge affects the drying time. A numerical analysis model is constructed to predict the flow of sludge and verified the validity of the model by element tests. In addition, we investigated some factors to improve stirrability by numerical analysis of actual machine.
  • 中武 靖仁, 渡邊 勝宏, 水野 諭, 井田 民男
    セッションID: J208
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    The manufacturing process of Bio-coke(BIC) is similar to that of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). The manufacturing processes mainly involve crushing, drying and solidification. Compared with RDF, BIC has higher specific gravity and maximum compressive strength, therefore it is superior in transportation, long-term storage, and safety. Therefore, in order to make BIC as biofuel from household waste RDF was crushed and BIC was constructed under various conditions of moisture and heating temperature. Then, compressive strength tests and combustion experiments were performed mass production of BIC from general waste was studied. As a result, it was found that BIC from general waste can be an alternative fuel for coal coke under the condition of a moisture content of 12% and a heating temperature of 140 ° C. Finally, group combustion velocity by general waste BIC was measured into real shaft furnace.
  • 増田 正夫, 高橋 惇
    セッションID: J209
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    in order to commercialize algae biomass fuel, improvement of algae biomass production and equalization of production throughout the year are major issues. However, in Japan, a decline in biomass production in winter is inevitable. Therefore, we considered leveling the production volume by heating and cooling the cultivation pond with exhaust heat. First, we confirmed the influence of heating / cooling of the pond on the cultivation amount of algae, and then demonstrated using an adsorbent to recover, transport and use actual external waste heat.
  • 森山 史哉, 澤井 徹
    セッションID: J210
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Torrefaction has come to attract attention as one of the promising methods for improving the fuel properties of solid biofuels. This is because not only higher heating value (HHV) but also several functions such as grindability and water absorptivity are reformed. Since HHV of torrefied solid biofuel is affected by the progress degree of torrefaction, the relationship between torrefaction conditions and HHV has to be clarified to produce torrefied solid biofuels with a predetermined HHV. In this study, in order to estimate the HHV of torrefied Japanese cedar, the HHVs for intermediates and char in the Two-step pyrolysis model are investigated. It is found that both HHVs depend only on the pyrolysis temperature, regardless of the pyrolysis time.
  • 初谷 智美, 中村 至高, 櫻井 美栄, 秋吉 亮, 西塚 史郎, 中村 亮, 大村 亮, 竹谷 敏
    セッションID: J301
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Ozone(O3)is a strong oxidant and harmless for environment because of its nature of decomposing to oxygen. Owing to these advantages, there are many applications of ozone in industry, for example purification of water, sterilization of perishables. However, because of decomposing reaction, O3 is difficult to preserve. Expand the industrial use of ozone, preservation technology of ozone needs to be developed. O3 clathrate hydrate(hydrate)can preserve O3 molecules in each cage composed of water molecules. Therefore interaction between O3 molecules is prevented and decomposition of O3 can be prevented. In this study, we designed the system for continuously forming O3 containing hydrate. Long-term preservation for 6 months of the produced sample is possible at 213 K with 50% O3 in hydrate remaining. At the high temperature side, it is possible at 263 K and 268 K for 6 hours without decreasing the O3 concentration. Furthermore, we examined decomposition effect of a malodorous component using O3 gas from O3 containing hydrate.
  • 小泉 有希, 山崎 晴彦, 黒木 智之, 大久保 雅章
    セッションID: J302
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Non-equilibrium plasma combined with a wet reduction by chemical scrubber is perfumed as a removal method of NOx which is a by-product of exhaust gas of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) by semiconductor manufacturing industries. In the non-equilibrium plasma process, NO oxidation is performed by direct/indirect dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma used blade-barrier electrode. In wet reduction process, NO2 reduction is performed by Na2S as a reduction agent. In the present study, NOx reduction is investigated at 300 ppm of pure NO gas with different gas flow rate and discharged energy. In the indirect oxidation method at 3 L/min and discharge power of 6.3 W, 83.7 % NOx removal efficiency is achieved. From the results, it is confirmed that the combined process of non-equilibrium plasma process and a wet reduction reaction is expected for NOx reduction for semiconductor manufacturing industry.
  • 大久保 雅章, 廣安 祐二, 黒木 智之
    セッションID: J304
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    During pulsed corona discharges, both negative and positive ions react with moisture to generated cluster ions. These cluster ions are considered to be useful for cleaning hazardous materials such as hazardous pollutants and allergen. In this paper, for such type of ions generation devices, numerical simulation is carried out on the cluster ions formation. The behavior of streamer evolution and cluster formations are simulated well, and it is clarified that the clustering progresses toward H3O+(H2O)4 and O2 - (H2O)4. Ions number densities obtained in the experiment are smaller than the calculated ones because some differences between the numerical model and experiment exit and the ions may be lost near in the path of the chamber.
  • 岸本 康平, 大瀧 悠裕, 熊澤 祐哉, 黒木 智之, 山崎 晴彦, 大久保 雅章
    セッションID: J305
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have attracted attention as a wastewater treatment method at present and nonthermal plasma processing using a pulsed discharge has been investigated as a method for degradation organic compounds contained in water. The active species such as a hydroxyl radical produced by electrical discharge play an important role in degrading organic compounds in water. In order to increase a decomposition performance, in this study, decomposition of phenol was carried out using a reactor combined pulsed discharge plasma in water with ultrasound, and ultrasound was indirectly irradiated to the plasma reactor. The discharge electrode was a needle-plate type. As a result of combining pulse discharge in liquid and ultrasound, streamer discharge was generated continuously by cavitation bubble and the phenol removal efficiency was higher than that of simple sum of the removal efficiency by the pulsed discharge and the ultrasound.
  • 田村 英輔, 大森 聖史, 中山 欽司, 大西 章博
    セッションID: J306
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    The feature of the continuous heat sterilizer is that unit equipment is so compact. In the continuous heat sterilizer, the sterilization time is adjusted by the length of the heat retention pipe. Therefore, if the sterilization time can be shortened, it can be achieved further reduction the dimension of unit equipment. Hence, performance evaluation test was conducted by use of spore of G. stearothermophilus ATCC7953, which is considered to have the highest heat resistance. Under a general sterilization condition are 20 min at 121 ℃, however ,in this experiment, sterilization condition of 1 min at 134 ℃ are determined by D value and Z value of spore which is defined in the G. stearothermophilus ATCC7953. The continuous heat sterilizer was operated under above condition, and when spore solution (1.3×107 CFU/mL) was treated, the spore concentration of treated water was indicated 0 CFU/mL. As a result of above experiment, it is indicated that the sterilization time can be shortened by increasing the sterilization temperature and the dimension of unit equipment can be downsized.
  • 安喰 春華, 大久保 英敏, 鈴木 悠太, 橋本 拓大
    セッションID: J401
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Frosting on the heat exchangers of low temperature devices causes several problems. In order to solve the problem, defrosting is done by melting the frost regularly. However, the method causes loss of comfort and energy consumption etc. Therefore we have proposed mechanical defrosting as a new defrosting method. This method can perform defrosting while maintaining the cooling surface temperature low. In order to realize mechanical defrosting, it is necessary to weaken the adhesion of frost crystals. In addition, it is known that the scraping ability of frost crystals can be halved by performing water repellent treatment. In this study, surface treatment was performed on the micro-machined cooling surface, and comparison and examination were performed.
  • 横山 翔一, 大久保 英敏, 安喰 春華, 関 光雄
    セッションID: J402
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    A mesh sheet is placed on the surface of the cooling surface for the purpose of suppression and control of frost formation. Frost crystals are formed ad grown on the mesh sheet. The experiment succeeded in suppressing the formation and growth of frost crystals on the surface of the cooling surface. The mesh sheet used two kinds of materials which were made of SUS304 and PTFE (Teflon). In addition to the observation of frost crystal formation and growth. The reduction of frost layer thickness and the amount of frost formation were examined.
  • 梅原 友理, 前澤 一臣, 綾谷 陸人, 稲葉 陽太郎, 松本 浩二
    セッションID: J403
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Recently, use of ice slurry in the cold storage of foods has increased. To use the ice slurry during the daytime after it was formed using the midnight power, the formed ice slurry must be stored for a long time. However, during the long time storage, ice particles in the ice slurry cohere with each other because of their buoyancy and weight. Occurrence of cohesion of ice particles prevents effective utilization of ice slurry. Thus, to suppress cohesion of ice particles, factors governing cohesion for low IPF slurry (until 30[%]) were clarified. In this paper, ice slurry with higher IPF generated by dissolution of supercooling of pure water at a fixed supercooling degree was stored for a long storage time, after which, the porosity of the ice particles’ lump was measured at each storage time. And, it was clarified that influence of the measured values on the cohesive force of the lump at each storage time, comparing with the ice slurry with low IPF.
  • 諸隈 崇幸, 大久保 英敏, 宇高 義郎, 廣谷 俊樹, 杉野 太洋
    セッションID: J404
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Utilization of liquefied gas is widely used in the field of low temperature science and engineering. This study is a fundamental research on enhancement of heat transfer of saturated pool boiling during cooling process using liquefied gas. In this study, we investigated the influence of roughness and thermal conductance of a boiling surface on the pool boiling heat transfer to saturated liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure. A cooled sample was a copper sphere, 25 mm in diameter. The copper surface was polished by buffing or sandpaper for each experimental condition. The thermal conductance of the copper surface was changed by the frost layer coated on it. As a result, it is confirmed that the critical heat flux and the heat transfer coefficient of transition-nucleate boiling ware increase when the frost layer is used as the thermal resistance layer. In the nucleate boiling region, the heat transfer coefficient and the critical heat flux improve as the heat transfer surface becomes rough.
  • 佐藤 秀, 秋澤 淳, 上田 佑樹, 藤木 淳平
    セッションID: J405
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    This study focuses on the phenomenon that the adsorption speed is improved by acoustic wave. An experimental study reported the velocity amplitude of acoustic wave is closely related to the adsorption acceleration. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the adsorption acceleration phenomenon by CFD analysis. A model representing a packed bed was created and analyzed. A result showed that the adsorption of a silica gel particle is faster on the upstream side than on the downstream side in uniform flow, which indicates good agreement with the calculation of Mcbain equation. In addition, adsorption analysis with some oscillatory flows reproduced the adsorption enhancement similar to the experimental results. It suggests that the calculation by CFD can estimate the behavior of adsorption in an oscillating flow.
  • 澤田 瞬, 星 朗
    セッションID: J406
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    The world's primary energy consumption continuing to increase due to economic growth and population growth. In particular, the growth rate of energy consumption is high in developing countries, so the energy consumption is expected to increase in the future. In such a background, the importance of technology to effectively utilize the waste heat discharged from factories and power plants etc. is beginning to be widely recognized. The efficient use of the waste heat is a very important issue from the viewpoint of the energy security and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through reducing fossil fuel consumption. Besides, the Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) technology is drawing attention as one of the active utilization technology of waste heat. This technology is able to bridge the gap between the temporal and spatial heat demand and supply. In other words, by storing the waste heat generated in advance, the storage heat will be effectively used for supply of hot water and room heating when it is necessary. In this research, we proposed the newly plate type heat exchanger using latent heat thermal storage which fills the conventional plate type heat exchanger with the phase change material (PCM), and performed the simulation of melting and solidification of PCM. Furthermore, we actually built the prototype latent heat storage exchanger and did the performance test. Finally, we added consideration about practical use possibility.
  • 川口 隆史, 藤澤 徹, 川島 豪
    セッションID: J407
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    There are many types of thermosiphon, which can realize heat transfer without any external electric power. In this study, a top-heat-type thermosiphon utilizing vapor bubble pumping is focused on for the simple structure. Its application has some problems, although it has been extensively studied. One of these problems is the unstable heat transfer, that is, intermittent circulation flow rate of the working fluid. This occurs under the conditions of less solar radiation during the morning and evening, and has been investigated by conducting a field experiment using a model house. For overcoming this problem, it is necessary to clarify the driving mechanism of the working fluid caused by the buoyancy of vapor bubble. To investigate the pumping characteristics, the vapor bubble volume is estimated measuring the water level in the buffer chamber by a capacitance type sensor. The experimental results shows that the water level increases with the increasing input current of the heater, the flow rate of the working fluid increases with the increasing water level, therefore the flow rate increases with the increasing input current of the heater under the same pressure condition of the buffer chamber. Then, it is clarified that the buoyancy force of the vapor bubble drives the working fluid.
  • 瀧 翔太, 松永 尭明, 草鹿 仁
    セッションID: J408
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    In the future, it will be necessary to measure in-cylinder pressure using a pressure sensor installed in the engine cylinder, which is useful for control. In this study, we developed a heat release rate calculation program for diesel engines; and the accuracy was verified. Specifically, a two-zone model, which includes the fuel zone and the surrounding gas zone was adopted. The calculations were performed based on the burned mass fraction. Furthermore, in order to improve the calculation speed, the influence on the calculation results by the time resolution was investigated.
  • 高橋 樹, 堀田 陽平, 木全 央幸, 佐藤 創, 伊藤 隆英
    セッションID: J409
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Air conditioning systems are demanded using low global warming potential for environmental care. In European market , the tendency of demand for refrigerant is using lower GWP(Global warming point) refrigerant than 150 and the refrigerants have possibility to decrease refrigeration capacity . To keep the capacity and efficiency with low GWP refrigerant ,the evolutionary new three dimensional scroll named “e-3D scroll” has been developed. The e-3D scroll is able to increase refrigerant capacity in same size and keep high efficiency.
  • (階層的解法に基づくサイクルシミュレーション)
    涌井 徹也, 岡村 洋明, 横山 良平
    セッションID: J410
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    Refrigerants for vapor-compression type air conditioning system have been shifted from hydrofluorocarbon ones to alternative ones with low global warming impacts. Hydrofluoroolefin refrigerants, which contribute to a low global warming potential, are generally used by mixing with other conventional refrigerants and exhibit non-isothermal condensation and evaporation processes. The present study develops a steady-state cycle simulation model of vaporcompression type air conditioning systems using zeotropic refrigerant mixtures. To consider non-isothermal processes, heat exchangers are modeled in a distributed approach. Moreover, a hierarchical solution method, in which the cycle simulation model is decomposed into a cycle model considering a connection condition, control condition, boundary condition, and refrigerant charge condition and submodels expressing performance characteristics of components, is developed to improve computational efficiency of large-scale simulation models. The developed model is applied to performance analysis of a vapor-compression type air conditioning system using the refrigerant mixture R32/R1234ze(E).
  • 菊池 亮, 吉留 大樹, 小野田 弘士
    セッションID: J411
    発行日: 2019年
    公開日: 2019/12/25
    会議録・要旨集 認証あり
    In this paper, we measured a solar-thermal and ground-thermal hybrid energy system in Honjo city. In this system, hot water warmed by solar-thermal is used to back up the hot water supply. It is also used as a heat source for an adsorption refrigerator. From the ground-thermal heat pump, hot water and cool water are supplied to restaurants. Energy utilization factor in this energy supply system is as low as 0.5 in the summertime. In July 2018, there was a problem that air conditioning did not work under the influence of intense heat. We investigated the cause and found that the capacity of the heat pump has about 30 kW of power shortage. In order to improve the energy supply system, we investigated whether an adsorption type refrigerator is necessary and calculated the number of solar heat collectors required. Results showed that the adsorption refrigerator only lowered the ground temperature by about 1 to 2°C and the optimum number of collectors is seven.
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