A novel concept of thermoelectric actuators comprised of Peltier elements and Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is proposed. The Peltier elements heat and cool the SMA effectively allowing quick movement to be achieved. The thermoelectric actuators have a potential to apply medical actuators because of compact and efficient features. Authors developed artificial heart muscle using the thermoelectric actuator. It is expected to apply total implanted artificial heart system because of compact and efficient features. In order to optimize moving performance of the thermoelectric actuators, numerical analysis is carried out.

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The premixed lean diesel combustion (PREDIC) has the possibility of significant of both NOx and smoke emissions. But full loads of conventional diesel combustion are not obtained and a supercharged and intercooled system has been adopted in a single cylinder engine for PREDIC. PREDIC's full loads by high boosting are improved in three times higher than in the naturally aspirated (NA) condition. At the same time, the high boost condition causes exceeded early ignition and very fast combustion. EGR is effective in order to improve the deteriorations of combustion.

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We have tackled to improve sound comfort of railways, and mainly focused on the development of technologies of the sound comfort along the Shinkansen line. This paper describes the technology of distinction of sound sources, countermeasures of noises in the fields of vehicles and ground equipment, and development plans of noise reduction technologies in the future.

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This paper describes the outline of national project applied friction technology into the inner coating for cylindrical aluminum. This three year project started from 2001 to aim replacing cast iron insert to hard aluminum coating achieving better thermal characteristics and easier recycle of aluminum engin block which means engines do not include ferrous materials. Project itself is developing in this stage with satisfactory feasible study. This project is running under Preventer Program by the Japan Science and Technology Corporation.

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Recently, Y. Otsubo et al. reported that a kind of dielectric fluid such as dibutyl decanedioate produced jet-flow by applying high voltage electrostatic field. The fluids are called Electro-conjugate Fluid (ECF). We proposed novel micromotors by making use of ECF. There are two types of the motors. First one is called Cylindrical-type. Second one is called Disk Plate-type. In the C-type, we successfully fabricated 1mm-ID rotor-electrode-type micromotor. Also in the DP-type, a 9mmID fourth-layered micromotor is fabricated.

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