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畑村 洋太郎
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松村 雄次
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Osaka Gas has cultivated its core technologies through research and development based on a wealth of technological expertise accumulated since the days when gas was manufactured from coal. Research and development have been positioned as an important means for enhancing competitiveness in both the energy and non-energy businesses, and constant innovation has been pursued while maintaining speed and flexibility in its implementation. We are selective in the fields of R&D and are focusing on those areas that enhance the Osaka Gas Group's market position. Using our core technologies and product development capabilities, we aim to strengthen technological development capabilities that contribute to better safety, services, efficiency and sales in the energy business. In the gas business, Osaka Gas is advancing research and development that contributes to higher sales in gas operations, such as the commercialization of residential and industrial gas engine cogeneration systems, higher efficiency in cogeneration systems, and higher efficiency in gas heat pumps (GHP). In areas related to the electric power business, Osaka Gas is focusing efforts on the development of an electricity supply control system to comprehensively manage distributed power sources, including the power generation facilities of LNG terminals and cogeneration facilities installed at customers whose excess power is subject to retailing.
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JEAN-JACQUES LAVIGNE
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The conditions are now right to witness the revitalization of the global nuclear market. Demand for energy is continually growing, fossil resources will only become rarer, the awareness of the need to reduce the production of greenhouse effect gases is strongly supported both by the scientific community and by the public opinion. For its part, the nuclear industry is mature and can rely on a considerable store of experience. The 3rd generation reactors are already available with EPR Nuclear Power Plant and Finland decided to order one, sending a strong message to the world that Nuclear Energy remains an option in European countries where the number of Nuclear Power plants will increase with several Est Europeans countries joining the European Union. After a wide public debate on Energy, France is also about to built an EPR.
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粟野 領介, 上原 麻美子, 湯浅 三郎
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As a part of the NEDO project "Development of the Palm top gas turbine", we have been developing the annular type propane-fueled combustor for the gas turbine. To specify the combustor inlet structure, the combustion characteristics in a can-type test combustor have been studied by varying the following parameters; the throat diameter of an air inlet nozzle and the hole number and diameter of a fuel injector. At the design point of the combustor, a propane-air flame was stabilized in the chamber length of 100 [mm]. Space heating ratio of the combustor is 180 [MW/m^3/Mpa]. The combination of the fuel injector with a wide interval of holes and the air inlet nozzle with a large throat diameter was excellent in the flame stability and the combustion efficiency. The annular-type actual combustor for the 3-kW output gas turbine was designed to satisfy the performance of the gas turbine.
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SOON FONG WONG, 押味 加奈, 湯浅 三郎
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As a part of the "Towards the Development of Finger-Top Gas Turbines" project in Japan, a finger-top size hydrogen-fueled flat-flame micro-combustor with a chamber volume of 480[mm^3] was fabricated and tested. Stable flat-flames of premixed hydrogen/air were formed in the combustion chamber. The combustor efficiencies achieved were more than 99.8% at the equivalence ratios of over 0.38, and the maximum temperature in the combustion chamber was almost equal to adiabatic temperature at equivalence ratio of 0.34. For methane, the effects on flame stability of an upper wall in the combustion chamber were examined by varying a height of the combustor. It was confirmed that the minimum height was 3.3[mm] to form a stable flat-flame within the combustion chamber.
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鈴木 雄二, 堀井 裕也, 笠木 伸英
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Micro-scale catalytic combustion of butane is investigated. Nano-porous alumina fabricated through anodic oxidation of thermally-evaporated aluminum is employed for the catalyst support. A ceramic combustor with a 3-D manifold is developed using high-precision tape-catsing method, and Pt/Al_2O_3 catalyst layer is successfully integrated into the ceramic microchannel. It is found that the reaction heat is strongly dependent on the pore density and the pore diameter. Combustion density as large as 550MW/m^3 is obtained.
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長崎 孝夫, 伊藤 優
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Performance of micro-channel recuperator has been examined for ultramicro gas turbines. Optimum channel size was obtained to maximize the cycle efficiency under a constant recuperator volume by considering the balance between effectiveness and pressure loss, in which the deterioration of effectiveness due to wall conduction plays an important role. The resulting performance is significantly superior to conventional recuperators. In addition, a novel recuperator using capillary tubes was proposed which has a comparable performance to micro-channel ones.
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金箱 秀樹, 佐藤 文博
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Micromachine gas turbine generator with centrifugal impeller of diameter 10mm is under development at Tohoku University, in conjunction with Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., Tohoku-Gakuin University, and Sankyo Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd. This paper is focus on a development of micro motor-generator with 100W output at 870,000 rev/min. An ultra high speed micro motor-generator is designed and a 400,000 rev/min operation prototype model is made. Basic characteristics are measured and the design performance is confirmed. The micro motor-generator can run up to 170,000 rev/min with 120° rectangular wave drive circuit.
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荒川 康弘, 笠木 伸英, 鈴木 雄二
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Recently, in order to meet the increasing demand of power consumption of electronic devices, Power MEMS is attracting attention which aim is to generate power inside the electronic devices. The object of the-present research is to develop a micro power generator that converts kinetic energy into electricity. Electrostatic induction power generation using electret is adopted as the power generation principle for its benefits in micro scale. The electret film is made of CYTOP(fuluorocarbon polymer), and a corona charging method is employed to get charge density up to 0.7mC/m^2. In preliminary experiment, 0.25μW power generation is obtained with sinusoidal oscillation of 1mm amplitude at 10Hz.
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田中 秀治, Pil-Joong KANG, 源田 敬史, 佐藤 大祐, 江刺 正喜
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Air (oxygen) is essential to convert hydrocarbon fuel to electric, kinetic or thermal energy, and how to supply enough air to a small volume is one of the most important challenges in the research and development of micro-power sources. Air is used not only to oxidize the fuel, but also to remove wasted heat from fuel cells, combustors etc., because it is difficult to remove a large amount of heat from the limited surface of such micro-power sources with high power density. This paper confirms the importance and difficulty of efficient air supply at micro-scale, and then introduces our studies on micro-turbo chargers, micro-high speed generators/motors using electrets and micro-ejectors.
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水木 新平, 御法川 学, 平野 利幸, 朝賀 裕一朗, 顧 茸蕾, 大田 英輔, 太田 有
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In order to establish the design methodology of ultra micro centrifugal compressor, which is the most important component of ultra micro gas turbine unit, a 10 times size of the final target model was designed, prototyped and tested. A 2-dimensional impeller was chosen as the first model due to its productivity and the experiment was done by using a turbocharger for automobile. The performance characteristics were measured and compared with the prediction. The stress and the vibration analysis in the operating condition were also performed. Then, a 5 times and a 2.5 times model with a full 3-dimensional shape were designed and prototyped by a precise stereolithograhy method.
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Rajesh SAPKOTA, Kazuo MATSUURA, Chisachi KATO, Katsuhiko NISHIMURA, Ei ...
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Recently, research regarding ultra-micro scale gas turbine (UMGT) has started in various universities and research centers. The present study is targeted on the design and development of 40-mm diameter two-dimensional radial UMGT with expected power output in the range of 5-7 kW. In this paper, the mam focus is on the comparative study of various turbine-rotors for achieving higher adiabatic efficiency. Based on careful selection of design parameters, various types of 2D radial turbines are designed, fabricated and their aerodynamic performance is measured through cold air test. The measured results are also compared with the corresponding CFD results. Based on these results, the associated design philosophy is also discussed.
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松浦 一雄, 加藤 千幸, 吉識 晴夫
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Large-eddy simulation of compressible transitional flows in a low-pressure turbine cascade is performed by using 6^<th>-order compact difference and 10^<th>-order filtering method Numerical results without free-stream turbulence and those with about 7% of free-stream turbulence are compared In these simulations, separated-flows in a turbine cascade accompanied by laminar-turbulent transition are realized, and the present results closely agree with past experimental measurements in terms of the static pressure distribution around the blade. In the case where no free-stream turbulence is taken into account, unsteady pressure field essentially differs from that with strong free-stream turbulence In the no free-stream turbulence case, pressure waves which propagate from blade's wake region have noticeable effects on the separated-boundary layer near the trailing-edge, and on the neighboring blade.
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磯村 浩介, 十合 晋一, 田中 秀治, 江剌 正喜
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Development of a micro-high speed gas bearing is underway to realize 870,000rpm to apply it to micromachine gas turbine: The diameter of the journal bearing is 4mm. The outer and inner diameters of the thrust bearing are 10mm and 4mm, respectively. Both static and dynamic air bearings are designed and tested using micro-turbo charger test rig. The static air bearing crashed at 566,000rpm due to whirl instability, and the dynamic air bearing crashed at 279,000 rpm due to non-whirl shaft vibration, which probably is a resonance vibration in a small bearing gap. Herringbone type and spiral type grooves are used for the dynamic gas bearing. Methods to increase the whirl instability frequency should be developed for static gas bearings. Methods to increase damping to pass through the resonant frequencies should be developed for the dynamic gas bearings.
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金子 成彦, 宮野 芳寛, 北澤 進, 渡邉 辰郎
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Generators with small gas turbines that generate less than 100kW are drawing attention as a power source of cogeneration systems. Dynamic pressure type air foil bearings are expected to serve as shaft bearings. The design that these bearing are simply designed, easy to produce and maintenance free without requiring lubrication, holds the key to miniaturization of micro-gas turbines. However, the details of such design guidelines have not been clarified though this technology is used in APC for aircraft units. In this study, in order to obtain design guidelines of foil bearing, in making the foil to be the discretion beam, the modeling of the foil was carried out. Taking the frictional forces of attachment part of the foil and the protrusion, etc. into consideration, static characteristic and dynamic characteristic were analyzed to examine performance and stability of the radial foil bearing.
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光武 徹, 渡辺 博典, 柿崎 禎之, Charles-Antome LOUET, 佐藤 隆, 呉田 昌俊, 秋本 肇
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Fundamental thermal-hydraulic experiments have been conducted within a tube for flow boiling characteristics study in the Reduced-Moderation Water Reactor (RMWR) core. It is necessary to study geometrical influences of fuel rod spacer on critical power are necessary to study for thermal-hydraulic design development of RMWR core rod assemblies. In the present study, the effects of spacer thickness and spacer-rod clearance on high-void fraction two-phase flow and heat transfer are focused. Neutron radiography(NRG) technique was used to visualize high-void fraction two-phase flow with sufficient spatial resolution. Thermo-couples on the inside surface of a heated tube were used. An electrically heated tube was used with a plate blockage of various thickness under atmospheric pressure conditions. The results show that the boiling heat transfer inside the spacer was higher than downstream, far from the spacer. The forced flow deviation by the spacer was observed with the NRG visualization.
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渡辺 博典, 光武 徹, 柿崎 禎之, Charles-Antome LOUET, 佐藤 隆, 呉田 昌俊, 秋本 肇
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The electro-void fraction meter (Impedance Type meter) is practical for high void fraction measurement. It can be used with various shapes of flow conduits such as round, rectangular and rod-bundle geometries. The principle of the meter is that the electrical impedance of a gas-liquid two-phase flow changes with respect to the void fraction. High-frequency power supply enables to measure the void fraction of the electrical conductivity of the water. It was confirmed by an air-water two-phase flow experiment that void fraction can be obtained in real time by measuring the impedance of the two-phase flow. Void fraction ranging from 0% to 90% in a 37-rod bundle were successfully measured under atmospheric pressure conditions.
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武居 昌宏
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This paper first describes the overview of capacitance CT for solid air two phase flow. Next, Generalized Vector Sampled Pattern Matching (G VSPM) method has been applied to an ill-posed inverse problem of a capacitance-computed tomography for solid air two-phase flow. The correlation from the reconstruction method is calculated among GVSPM, Landweber and Iterative Tikhonov methods. As a result, GVSPM method improves the correlation The accurate reconstruction of GVSPM results from an inner product calculation between the experimental capacitance and the capacitance from the reconstructed images as an objective function.
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Norihiro Fukamachi, Tatsuya Hazuku, Tomoji Takamasa, Takashi Hibiki, M ...
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Accurate prediction of the interfacial area concentration is essential to successful development of the interfacial transfer terms in the two-fluid model. Mechanistic modeling of the interfacial area concentration entirely relies on accurate local flow measurements over extensive flow conditions and channel geometries. From this point of view, accurate measurements of flow parameters such as void fraction, interfacial area concentration, gas velocity, bubble Sauter mean diameter, and bubble number density were performed by the image processing method at five axial locations in vertical upward bubbly flows using a 1.02 mm-diameter pipe. The factional pressure loss was also measured by a differential pressure cell. In the experiment, the superficial liquid velocity and the void fraction ranged from 1.02 m/s to 4.89 m/s and from 0.980 % to 24.6 %, respectively. The obtained data give near complete information on the time-averaged local hydrodynamic parameters of two-phase flow. These data can be used for the development of reliable constitutive relations which reflect the true transfer mechanisms in two-phase flow. As the first step to understand the flow characteristics in mini-channels, the applicability of the existing drift-flux model, interfacial area correlation, and frictional pressure correlation was examined by the data obtained in the mini-channel.
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田村 尚久, 深町 典博, 波津久 達也, 賞雅 寛而, 日引 俊
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This paper presents a new method for measuring the interfacial displacement of a liquid film in minichannels using a laser focus displacement meter (LFD). The purpose of the study is to clarify the effectiveness of the new method for obtaining detailed information concerning interfacial displacement, especially in the case of a thin liquid film, in micro- and mini-channels. To prevent the tube wall signal from disturbing that of the gas-liquid interface, a fluorocarbon tube with water box was used; the refraction index of this device is the same as that for water. With this method, accurate instantaneous measurements of interfacial displacement of the liquid film were achieved. The error caused by refraction of the laser beam passing through the acrylic water box and fluorocarbon tube was estimated analytically and experimentally. The formulated analytical equation can estimate the real interface displacement using measured displacement in a fluorocarbon tube of 25 μm to 2.0 mm I.D. A preliminary test using fluorocarbon tubes of 1 and 2 mm I.D. showed that the corrected interface displacement calculated by the equation agreed with real displacement within a 1% margin of error. It was also confirmed that the LFD in the system could measure a liquid film of 0.25 μm at the thinnest. We made simultaneous measurements of the interface in fluorocarbon tubes of 0.5 and 1 mm I.D. using the LFD and a high-speed video camera with a microscope. These showed that the LFD could measure the interface of a liquid film with high spatial and temporal resolution during annular, slug, and piston flow regimes. The data also clarified the existence of a thin liquid film less than 1 μm in thickness in slug and annular flow regimes.
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川口 達也, 前田 昌信
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The paper describes the development of planer sizing technique for micro-bubbles based on the interferometric laser imaging for droplet sizing method and the improvement for the smaller bubble sizing beyond the conventional 45degree observation techniques. The novel measurement scheme of smaller bubbles whose diameter is less than 10fim was investigated by Lorenz-Mie scattering analysis and the technique was applied to the measurement of micro-bubbles obtained by electrolyzation and microbubble pump.
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大竹 浩靖, 小泉 安郎, 田渕 直也
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A prototypic circulation type micro-scale pump was fabricated; flow state in mini-channel in it was investigated experimentally, focusing on visualization and Particle-Tracking Velocimetry (PTV). Circulative flow was confirmed in the mini-channel, quantitatively. It is inquiring about the pumping action in the circulation type microchannel by generation/condensation action of bubbles which are assumed by microscopic flaw in structure material like a pressure vessel wall. In this report, the situation of the flow generated within such a microchannel was visualized, and the flow velocity was measured.
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西野 耕一, 小杉 隆司, 武田 伸一郎, 礒田 治夫
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This paper presents an innovative approach for making multi-dimensional flow measurement (i.e., three-dimensional (3-D) measurement and/or time-resolved measurement) of complex flow geometry observed in various industrial, biological and medical fields. The approach is based on rapid-prototyping of flow models and refractive index matching between fluid and model. The flow model can be generated from its 3-D CAD data. The use of 3-D printing technique allows quite efficient generation of the flow model with faithful reproduction of any complex geometry The index matching method, currently based on the silicon material and the aqueous solution of glycerol, permits full optical access to the entire flow domain, suitable for PIV and LDV measurement. As an example of this approach, some results taken from PIV measurement of flow fields in the silicon model of a cerebral aneurysm are presented.
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石川 正明, 岡本 孝司
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The Dynamic PIV system (Time-resolved PIV) has been applied to the high-speed mist flow with edge obstacle. The boundary layer has been clearly visualized with the high-speed camera and high-speed lasers. The target area is 10mm with 10m/s, i.e. Re=10,000. The top side and bottom side edge flow are captured to evaluate the detail flow structure of the boundary layer.
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チョン カー・ウィー, 文字 秀明
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The main objective of this study is to clarify experimentally the vibration characteristics of tube bundle subjected to a vertical cross flow. Inline array of tubes in heat exchangers was simulated by transparent glass rods mounted flexibly with a pitch to diameter ratio of 1.5. Displacement of the vibrating rods was captured by high speed camera whereas the velocity field around the rods was obtained by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The results confirmed that the vibration charateristics of tube bundle is closely related to the velocity fluctuation of the surrounding flow field.
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神田 将司, 堀木 幸代, 刑部 真弘
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The oscillation of differential pressure (DP) in two-phase flow is very important not only for the design of heat exchangers but also for the estimation of flow behavior by detecting the vibration or noise transferred from components. The skilled engineers sometimes can determine the two-phase behavior with vibration or noise from components such as heat exchangers or steam generators. To understand the oscillation behavior and possibility to estimate the flow behavior, the air-water two-phase flow experiments were conducted with small vertical tubes of 1 to 10mm in inner diameter. The differential pressure was measured at the long observation span more than fifty times diameter to avoid the static pressure oscillation due the fluctuation of void fraction. The time-averaged value of DP was well predicted with the conventional correlations for pressure loss and void fraction. The FFT analysis on the oscillatory DP was conducted and the spectrum peak shifts due to the change of flow behavior were observed. The root mean square (RMS) value of DP was well correlated with Lockhart-Martinelli parameter. It was also demonstrated that the two-phase quality could be estimated with the proposed correlation for RMS values when the liquid flow rate and RMS value were known.
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木倉 宏成, 村川 英樹, 有冨 正憲
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A new technique for multi-phase flow measurement based on the ultrasonic Doppler method(UVP method) is proposed. Using different sizes(frequency) of ultrasonic sensor for the UVP measurement, the measured, data apparently differ. With a change in the measurement volume, the velocity PDF significantly changes. Applying this method for multi-phase flow, several kinds of particles which sizes are greatly different can be measured for each velocity distributions. To measure each velocity at the same time and position, the Multi-wave TDX is newly developed. Using the Multi-wave TDX, this method is utilized for the measurement of bubbly flow in vertical pipe. To confirm the accuracy of each velocity measurement, the velocity PDFs are calculated. The results clarified that this method has high applicability.
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中川 加明一郎, 幸田 栄一, 八田 敏行, 熊坂 博夫, 小野 純二, 山崎 太寛
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In this paper, as a power storage method, examination of system storing large quantities of high temperature and high-pressure steam in a rock cavern is proposed. This system stores steam generated in the night time from nuclear and supplying it to turbines to generate electricity in the daytime. Through examinations for necessary basic functions of facilities using some numerical analysis, the feasibility is demonstrated and the problems to be solved are presented.
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森塚 秀人
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In this paper, the author proposes a new concept for power generation systems for CO_2 recovery, the Hydrogen Decomposed Turbine (HYDET). The main features offered by this concept are the reforming of natural gas and the decomposition of hydrogen. Natural gas is reformed, while at the same time hydrogen is decomposed from the reforming gas through the use of a hydrogen separation membrane. The reformer equipped with the hydrogen separation membrane is called a membrane reformer. The residual gas, which contains methane and CO, is subjected to combustion in an afterburner using pure oxygen, with high-concentration CO_2 being exhausted directly for recovery. The system uses high-temperature inorganic hydrogen separation membranes, such as a multi-layer, porous ceramic membrane. Using CO_2 reforming, HYDET performance will be 49.5%HHV at the generator-end, 38.0% HHV at the sending end CO_2 separation ratio would be 96%. However, before this proposed system is put to practical use, a membrane reformer with a high-temperature inorganic hydrogen separation membrane must be developed.
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岩崎 洋一, 西村 英彦, 潮崎 成弘
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP1-03
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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Steam has higher specific heat than air which makes it an attractive medium for cooling hot gas path components in industrial gas turbines. Heat is exchanged between the hot metal surface and the cooling-steam while it flows through the internal cooling passages of turbine hardware. This cooling approach is applied in a closed-circuit in the G and H gas turbines. This paper discusses the design approach followed for Mitsubishi's G and H gas turbines. Both gas turbines have can-annular combustor liners that are steam-cooled. (Definition: a combustor liner has both the basket and transition piece, integrated together). Additionally, the turbine rotor, rows 1 and 2 blades and vanes, and the blade rings are steam-cooled in the H gas turbine. This paper presents G gas turbines field experience with the steam-cooled combustor liner after accumulating more than 150,000 actual operating hours.
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高橋 智, 古葉 正行, 原田 良夫
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP1-04
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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In situ observation of the mechanical failure behavior was conducted for different kinds of the plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems by means of an optical microscopy under the static loadings at ambient temperature and 900℃; as the most fundamental aspect, in order to clarify the failure mechanism of TBCs. Several kinds of TBC systems were prepared by using different coating parameters such as the sorts of top-coat powder, heat-treatment condition and so forth. Mechanical tensile or compressive loading was applied progressively to the TBC specimen in the axial loading test. The influence of TBC microstructure and testing temperature on the crack initiation and propagation behavior was investigated in detail. Furthermore, the TBC failure was quantitatively evaluated in relation with the mechanical strain applied on TBC systems.
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有川 秀行, 児島 慶享, 吉岡 隆幸, 岡田 満利, 久松 暢
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP1-05
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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In the improvement in durability of Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) for gas turbines, thermal stress relief of ceramic topcoat and growth suppression of thermal growth oxide (TOO) formed on top/undercoat boundary are important technical subjects. In this paper, a trial production and a heat cycle test of the columnar structure TBC by EB-PVD advantageous to thermal stress relief were investigated. Furthermore, the growth process of TGO was investigated for the growth suppression. Consequently, the columnar structure TBC showed the excellent heat cycle durability compared with plasma sprayed TBC. It was shown that TGO is constituted by Yttrium containing Al_2O_3 matrix composite oxide layer and a nodular composite oxides.
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辻 正, 石田 裕幸
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP1-06
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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The reciprocating engine has the maximum pressure and temperature in the cylinder, higher than that of the conventional gas turbines. When the gas engine is integrated with gas turbine instead of turbocharger, ETCS (the engine-turbo compound system) is composed. This paper defines the compound system with ERGT (the Engine Reheat Gas Turbine) and optimizes the engine operating condition. Natural gas firing steam/gas turbine combined cycle is selected as the standard system of thermal power plant The higher TIT (Turbine Inlet Temperature) of gas turbine usually enables the higher power generation efficiency. This paper shows the effect of engine exhaust temperature on the cycle performance with no change of TIT and that the exhaust of 900℃ increases the system power generation efficiency from 46 to 50%LHV (TIT 1150℃) and 54 to 57%LHV (TIT 1350℃), respectively.
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樋口 眞一, 荒木 秀文, 幡宮 重雄, 圓島 信也
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP1-07
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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This paper describes advanced utilization of moisture in gas turbine systems for the purpose of improving thermal efficiency and output. We have proposed and been developing AHAT(Advanced Humid Air Turbine) system. The AHAT system is a system which uses existing mutual technologies and aims highperformance equal to that of the HAT system. Comparative calculations results on the small-scale AHAT system are presented. All results are evaluated by the in-house heat cycle simulator, which performs mass and energy balancing based on enthalpy calculations. As a result, AHAT system has 1.27 times larger output and 1.63 times higher thermal efficiency than the simple cycle system. The possibility of remodeling a gasturbine designed for AHAT system (recuperative or simple cycle system) for use in other systems is also examined. As a result, a gas turbine designed for AHAT system is available for use in recuperative or simple cycle system.
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荒木 秀文, 樋口 眞一, 圓島 信也, 幡宮 重雄
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP1-08
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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The characteristic of a saturator (a humidification tower), which is used as a humidifier of the AHAT( Advanced Humid Air Turbine) system, were studied. For various pressure ratios (from 8 to 24) of a gas turbine, the required packing height and the exit water temperature from the saturator were analyzed. Thermal efficiency of the system was compared with the simple cycle and the recuperated cycle. The highest thermal efficiency of the system was 54.7% LHV when the pressure ratio was 20. The efficiency can be raised further by cooling blades with humid air. When the packing height of the saturator was changed, the required size of three heat exchangers around the saturator (a recuperator, an economizer and an air cooler) varied. The packing height with which the sum total of the size of the saturator and these heat exchangers become the minimum was 1m when the pressure ratio was 8, and 6m when the pressure ratio was 24.
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新田 明人
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP3-01
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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Now, about 80% of fossil power plants in Japan have been operated over 100,000 hours. From a viewpoint of reduction in power generation cost, however, such aged plants are required to extend their service life. Therefore, it is very important to assess their re-maining life accurately. This paper reviews the present and future situations of remaining life assessment for longer service of the aged fossil power plants.
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藤岡 照高, 新田 明人, 阿部 冨士雄, 八木 晃一
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP3-02
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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This paper describes the current status of development of risk-based maintenance planning procedures and supporting software resources applicable to power boilers as part of the Materials Risk Information Platform Project conducted by NIMS The risk assessment employed here is mainly based on the qualitative approach combined with deterministic remaining life evaluations The qualitative approach enables us to perform risk estimates for numerous parts and portions concerned without collecting tremendous amount of damage data for all portions The deterministic remaining life assessment is used to incorporate time-dependence into the risks evaluated, to determine timing of maintenance actions and to predict behavior if maintenance labors are reduced These evaluations can be done using the software resources which have been developed employing the knowledge base previously developed and the analytical damage assessment methods.
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藤山 一成, 秋國 康成, 藤原 敏洋, 松本 茂, 北山 和弘
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP3-03
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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A statistical approach for risk-based maintenance of damage tolerant components is presented. Damage risk is defined here as the repair cost times damage probability that is defined as the probability of cycles to emerging certain amount of damage. The thermomechanical fatigue cracking of gas turbine nozzles was studied statistically as the typical example. Probabilities of cycles to critical crack size (failure probability) and that of cycles to total length of cracks (damage probability) were calculated using plant inspection data and experimental results of low cycle fatigue. The life cycle costs of damage tolerant components are optimized through the sum of the failure risk and the damage risk.
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有村 久登, 赤城 弘一, 佐藤 洋一, 向上 登志夫
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP3-04
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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This paper describes the approach for managing the hot gas path parts for large industrial gas turbine witch is lead from the plant operating experience and maintenance/field inspection records. The statistic analysis result of these information provide the better understanding for the gaps in the design assumptions and for establishing corrective actions. A proactive approach that continually monitors and compares field experience, and design capability is an important aspect of achieving the goals of high reliability and durability.
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奥山 憲幸, 小松 信行, 重久 卓夫
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP2-01
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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This paper describes about a new clean-coal, named Hyper-coal Hyper-coal is a solvent de-ashing coal, which contains negligible ash (several hundred PPM) Hyper-coal is produced by solvent de-ashing method Coal is extracted with the coal-derivative recycle solvent at 350-380 _oC, and the soluble and insoluble (RC) are separated by the gravity settling As the result of economic study, Hyper-coal price can be set at the equal price to the general coal price including the ash disposal cost m Japan It is expected to be applied for any type of coal users, because they can be decreased such an ash-causing trouble and ash disposal load.
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重久 卓夫, 出口 哲也, 杉田 哲, 大高 康雄
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP2-02
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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Half of the world's coal resources are so-called low rank coal (LRC) such as lignite, sub-bituminous coal. Utilization of such coal is limited due to low heat value and high propensity of spontaneous combustion. Since some of LRC have advantages as clean coal; i.e. low ash and low sulfur content, LRC can be the excellent feedstock for power generation and metallurgy depending on the upgrading technology. The UBC (Upgraded Brown Coal) process introduced here converts LRC to solid fuel with high heat value and less propensity of self-heating. Various world coals, so as Australian, Indonesian arid USA LRC, were tested using Autoclave and Bench Scale Unit, and the process application to LRC of wide range is proven. The R&D activities of UBC process is introduced including demonstration project with 5ton/day test plant in progress in Indonesia, expecting near future commercialization in order to utilize abundant LRC of clean property.
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石田 公一, 和田 潤, 鬼勢 章
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP2-03
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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The nine regional power companies of Japan, EPDC (Electric Power Development Company) and CRIEPI (Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry) established Clean Coal Power R&D Co. Ltd (CCP) on June 15, 2001 to conduct the 250MW IGCC Demonstration Project Plant construction will start in 2004 followed by operation tests through 2009 This report presents status of the project and outline of the demonstration plant.
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辻 正, 寺井 勇三, 大岡 五三實, 宇多田 修, 木下 進一, 高城 敏美
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP2-04
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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This paper proposes the early stage Plan that Iron works and Refinery cooperate to save energy and to increase Co-production Blast Furnace process is originally Co-production process (Iron production & Gasification production) Excess fuels (asphalt & pulverized coal) injecting into Blast Furnace is gasified high-efficiently (95〜98%) At the early stage Plan, Excess fuels are asphalt 60kg/ton-pig iron and pulverized coal 65kg/ton-pig iron. This Blast Furnace Gasification System and BFG (Blast Furnace Gas) Combined Cycle Power System are optimized in a typical Iron works model (6mihon ton/Y steel product) with Pinch Technology method This Optimization yields Power (559MW) and surplus COG (Coke Oven Gas) that is exported to Refinery Energy saving 13% of total Iron works energy consumption is estimated.
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黒瀬 良一, 辻 博文, 牧野 尚夫
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: FP2-05
発行日: 2004/06/22
公開日: 2017/06/19
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A three-dimensional numerical simulation is applied to a pulverized coal combustion field in a test furnace equipped with an advanced low NO_X burner called CI-α burner. The applicability of the numerical simulation to the prediction of NO_X concentration in exhaust gas and combustion efficiency for bituminous coals is investigated, and their results are compared with experimental results. The results show that the present numerical simulation is generally applicable for the bituminous coals. The accuracy of the numerical simulation is improved by faithfully duplicating the configuration of the burner, and by using this detailed model it can be verified that a recirculation flow is formed in the high- gas-temperature region near CI-α burner outlet, and this lengthens the residence time of coal particles in this high-temperature region, promotes the evolution of volatile matter and the progress of char reaction, and produces an extremely low-O_2 region for effective Nox reduction.
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