Japanese Journal of Nursing Art and Science
Online ISSN : 2423-8511
Print ISSN : 1349-5429
ISSN-L : 1349-5429
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Volume 4, Issue 1
Displaying 1-2 of 2 articles from this issue
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  • Development of a Standing Position Urination Toilet for Women
    Nobuko Takahashi, Nobutoshi Yamazaki
    2005 Volume 4 Issue 1 Pages 50-57
    Published: April 30, 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18892/jsnas.4.1_50
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    　A toilet bowl using standing position was developed to assist those women who have difficulty to sit on a conventional toilet seat. The size and shape of the toilet bowl were determined as a peanut-shape and 22 cm in width and 30 cm high based on the clinical trial of 10 female subjects ranging from the age 20 to 76 years. They are all suffering from pain in flexing both knee and hip joints. After utilizing trial toilet bowl, it was confirmed that all subjects were able to urinate comfortably in a normal standing position without any incident of accidental splashing of urine on their clothes and outside of the toilet bowl.
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