THE JOURNAL OF THE STOMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY,JAPAN

Distribution of Occlusal Stress on Mandible, Dentition and Teeth

Kunimichi Soma

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 1-9
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.1

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Development of Handy Dental Surveyor

Minoru Ai, Kazuo Nakamura

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 10-14
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.10

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A small portable surveyor, easy to use, was newly devised. The surveyor is essentially a parallelometer, an instrument used for determining the relative parallelism of two or more surfaces of the teeth or other parts of the dental cast.
The characteristic structures of this instrument is as follows: The vertical standard is directly connected to the cast table with a universal joint, different from the others, and it can be tilted in any given degree to the table. The vertical sliding spindle can move freely parallel to the standard with the two horizontal arms, and it carries pencil leads of 0.9mmφ inside just as a mechanical pencil in structure. The accuracy of this surveyor is thought to be equal to that of the conventional ones in ordinary use.

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Clinical Study of Masticatory Movements in Complete Denture Wearers

Paths of Masticatory Movements and Occlusal Contacts

Hiroshi Kumagai

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 15-34
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.15

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Bilateral balanced occlusion is believed to be one of the ideal types of occlusion for a complete denture since the occlusal contacts on the non-working side are concerned with the stability of the complete denture during mastication.
In this study, the role of the occlusal contacts on the non-chewing side was investigated. The paths of masticatory movements were measured by sirognasograph and the occlusal contacts on the non-chewing side were measured by the 6-channel telemetry system. The results were follows;
1. The frequency of normal chewing pattern was observed to be higher in chewing on the habitual chewing side than in chewing on the non-habitual chewing side.
2. The average value in lateral deviations at the maximum opening point and maximum lateral closing point was larger in chewing on the habitual chewing side than in chewing on the non-habitual chewing side.
3. Excursive closures were found in 36.0-71.1% among the total closures when chewing on the habitual chewing side and 4.9-20.9% on the non-habitual chewing side.
4. The majorities of the excursive closures consisted of glidings from the lateral position to the centric position.
5. The width of the gliding in lateral excursion on the occlusal surface of the lower first molar was mostly 0.2-1.2mm.

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Influence of Various Impression Procedures for Removable Partial Denture on Displacement of Soft Mucosal Tissue

Geng Qihuan

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 35-53
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.35

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In the impression-taking procedure for the distal extension removable partial denture, the pressure produced at the interface of the soft mucosal tissue and the impression material is the most important factor for the stability of the saddle under functional load. However, a review of the literature revealed little information about the displacement of the soft tissue caused by the impression pressure.
In the present study, to investigate the influence of various impression procedures on the magnitude of the soft tissue displacement more precisely, a new three-dimensional deformation measurement system was devised. Compared to the previous studies, the greatest advantage of the system is that the hardened impression material can be surveyed directly without substitut-ing a dental stone. It was found that, in the investigation using a partially edentulous simulated model, the amount of the subsidence in the soft tissue was increased as the thickness of the spacer of the impression tray was reduced or the seating speed of the tray was fast. Especially in the buccal area, a large amount of vertical displacement was present compared to the midridge and lingual area. Thus it was suggested that many factors are associated with the form of soft tissue under impression loading.

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In Vitro Study on Biocompatibility of Zirconium and Titanium

Masako Fujita

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 54-65
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.54

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of zirconium compared with titanium by the in vitro study using human osteosarcoma cell line (HOS) .
Various characteristics of the HOS cells cultured on zirconium (99.9%) and titanium (99. 9%) discs were investigated. On the colony formation of the HOS cells, there were no differ-ences between the zirconium and titanium in colony size and number. Good proliferation of the HOS cells was observed on the zirconium as well as on the titanium. Morphological observation of the HOS cells by SEM revealed that the cells on the zirconium as well as on the titanium were flat and polygonal in shape with radial pseudopods. Collagen fibers and calcified sub-stances were observed in the matrix of the HOS cells by TEM on the zirconium as well as on the titanium. The calcium of the HOS cell layer was stained well by Dahl's method. Analysis of the HOS cell layer by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the HOS cells formed the same matrices including the apatite on the zirconium as on the titanium. Measurements of the zirconium and titanium elution into the human saliva indicated that the elution of zirconium was less than that of titanium.
These results suggest that zirconium possesses as excellent biocompatibility as titanium.

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Expression of Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene during Development of Mouse Embryos

Sachiko Iseki

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 66-80
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.66

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Glucocorticoid, one of the steroid hormones, has been known to play important roles on homeostasis and development. To obtain information about the effects of glucocorticoid on the mouse embryonic development, temporal and spatial expression patterns of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene were examined by the Northern hybridization and in situ hybridization techniques.
Transcripts of the GR gene were found on embryonic day (ED) 10 by the Northern analysis. The amount of GR mRNA increased drastically on ED12 and was thereafter maintained at similar levels. On the other hand, obvious signals of GR gene expression were never detected until ED12 by in situ hybridization. On ED14 and afterwards, many organs, i. e. the pituitary gland, tongue, thymus, lung, liver and precartilage, showed a high GR expression. These tissues were previously reported to be the target organs of glucocorticoid. The abrupt increase of GR gene transcripts in the embryonic tissues corresponded with the beginning of their maturation or function.
These result suggest that the timing of the GR gene transcription becoming high in the embryonic tissues coincides with the onset of their terminal differentiation and function.

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Influences of Cusp Inclination on Stability and Function of Removable Partial Dentures

Tadasu Haketa

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 81-97
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.81

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The influences of cusp inclination on the stability and the function of removable partial dentures were evaluated on 5 subjects with the maxillary unilateral free-end saddle.
An experimental removable partial denture was made with six pressure sensors fixed on to the basal surface. The artificial teeth were replaceable by attachment. Several metal maxillary canine risers were made to change the inclination of the lateral gliding movement. During lateral gliding, the canine risers and the artificial teeth were contacted with the opposing mandibular teeth simultaneously.
The pressures exerted upon the supporting tissues and the mandibular movements were measured during mastication with each artificial teeth of different cusp inclination. The results were as follows:
1. The steeper cusp caused the reduction of the peak pressures as well as the total pressures in most measuring spots.
2. The time differences of the first and the peak pressure detection between 6 measuring spots extended as the cusp became steeper.
3. The mandibular movements were influenced by the cusp inclination especially in the subjects with tear-drop type masticatory strokes.
4. It was suggested that the moderate cusp of artificial teeth contributed to the denture stability in function.

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Mechanical Studies on Dental Magnetic Attachments

Shin Ishikawa

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 98-120
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.98

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the force distribution when using magnetic attachments in removable partial denture. The experimental magnetic attachments used in this study consisted of Nd-Fe-B magnets covered with permendur yokes and permendur keepers. The magnetic parts were attached to the experimental plate which was made of a titanium plate and an acrylic resin base, while the keepers were attached to the abutment teeth. The retentive force was measured by pulling the experimental plate vertically and diagonally with a tensile testing machine. In addition, the three-dimensional stress distribution of the abutment was analyzed by the finite element method when the magnetic attachment was removed. The results were as follows:
1. The maximum retentive force of the plate was influenced by the total of the attractive force, while the minimum force was by the number and arrangement of the attachments.
2. In almost all cases, the magnetic attachments worked most effectively when their attractive force was the same for each other.
3. When the pulling force was vertically applied to the abutment, the maximum stress arose in the alveolar bone around the root tip, and, when the force was laterally applied, the maximum stress arose on the axis of the 1/3 upper portion of the root.

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Purification of Human Neutrophil Collagenase, Establishment of its Monoclonal Antibodies and Application to Gingival Crevicular Neutrophils

Naoki Yoshida

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 121-130
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.121

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In order to investigate the role of neutrophil collagenase in the periodontal disease, human neutrophil collagenase was purified and two monoclonal antibodies against this enzyme were obtained. This enzyme was purified by four step-affinity chromatography : heparin-aminocel-lurofine, gelatin Sepharose 4B, collagen-Sepharose and collagenase inhibitor column chromato-graphies.
To produce the monoclonal antibody against the enzyme, the Balb/c mouse was immunized and its spleen cells were fused with the mouse myeloma cells.
Two monoclonal antibodies to the enzyme, 2F3 (IgG1) and 3F12 (IgG1), which recognized a conformational structure of the enzyme apart from its catalytic site were obtained.
Both antibodies were monospecific to leukocyte collagenase and did not cross-react with the other metalloproteinases such as leukocyte gelatinase, skin fibroblast collagenase, gelatinase and stromelysin.
Using these monoclonal antibodies, collagenase was stained granularly in gingival crevicular neutrophils.

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Analysis of Expression of p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Naoko Okuno-Ishii

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 131-148
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.131

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Expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene was examined in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), the precancerous lesions (leukoplakia) and cell lines established from OSCC, to investigate (1) whether or not all p53 mutations can be detected immunohistochemically and (2) when the alterations of the p53 gene and/or protein occur during the genesis of OSCC from leukoplakia.
Over-expression was detected in 11 out of 16 cell lines with the anti-p53 monoclonal antibody PAb1801, although the remaining 5 cell lines have previously been reported to have mutations, thus suggesting that the immunohistochemical method has a limitation.
To answer the second question, the ZA case was chosen as this case of OSCC with a point mutation at codon 279 had a history of leukoplakias which showed a malignant progression. The polymerase chain reaction/single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR/SSCP) method was employed to determine the presence of the mutation. Immunohistochemistry showed over-expression of the p53 protein in all 5 biopsy materials of leukoplakia, while the mutation was detected in 2 materials. In other 15 cases of leukoplakia, over-expression has a relation to epithelial dysplasia.
These results indicate alterations of p53 gene and/or protein are observed not only in OSCC but also in leukoplakia and play an important role in the genesis of OSCC.

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Isolation and Characterization of Oral Treponemes

Takeyoshi Koseki

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 149-168
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.149

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The oral treponemes were isolated on nine media and classified according to Anaerobe Laboratory Manual (1977) . The four media, which were used with the plate-in-bottle method, were Medium 10 (M10), M10 supplemented with 10% rumen fluid, M10 supplemented with 10% rabbit serum and cocarboxylate, and M10 added with rifampicin. The five media with the anaerobic glove box method were New Oral Spirochetes (NOS) medium, NOS medium added with rifampicin, alternated modified Oral Treponemes Isolation (aOTI) medium, and alternat-ed M10 for anaerobic glove box. The isolation rate of the oral treponemes from 59 subgingival plaque samples of various forms of periodontal diseases was 85 percent. Ninety clinical isolates were subcultured and classified into six groups (I-VI) based on the carbohydrate fermentation and metabolic end products. Three saccaharolytic groups were further divided into nine subgroups by the fermentation patterns of sucrose, lactose, maltose and rhamnose. Two saccaharolytic subgroups were identified as Treponema socranskii, and two asaccharolytic groups were identified as “T. denticola” and “T. vincentii”. However, the other subgroups and group could not be identified according to the characteristics of the presently recognized species.

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Purification of Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Investigation of its Effects on Osteoblastic Cell Line UMR108

Norio Sakurai

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 169-182
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.169

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It is well known that the bone matrix contains proteins which can induce ectopic endochon-dral bone formation in vivo. One class of these proteins is the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) . In order to investigate the physiological function of the BMP, its purification was attempted from an extract of demineralized bone matrix and its actions on the osteoblastic cell line were investigated.
To isolate the BMP, a demineralized bone matrix was extracted with 4M guanidine-HC1. A water-insoluble fraction (G-WI) was separated from the demineralized bone extract by dialysis against distilled water and centrifugation. The BMP was purified from G-WI by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 HR, cation exchange with Mono-S, heparin affinity column and finally by C1/ 8 reverse phase chromatography. Peptide sequence analysis revealed that the purified BMP fraction contained “ BMP-3”reported by Wozney et al. (1988) .
In order to investigate its function, the BMP was applied to the rat osteogenic sarcoma cell line UMR108. The BMP inhibited the growth of the UMR108 cells and enhanced the alkaline phosphatase activity in a dose-responsive manner.

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Osteopontin mRNA Expression in Remodeling Alveolar Bone Incident to Tooth Movement

Visualized by In Situ Hybridization

Yoshihiro Fujita

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 183-198
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.183

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteopontin mRNA expression in the alveolar bone incident to the physiologic and experimental tooth movement.
The upper jaws of female rats (7 weeks old) which were submitted to experimental molar tooth movement and control specimens were decalcified and sliced into paraffin sections. Osteopontin mRNA expression and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACPase) activity were examined in the alveolar bone by use of in situ hybridization techniques and enzyme histochemistry, respectively.
In the control specimens high levels of osteopontin mRNA expression was observed in the osteocytes and lining cells close to the osteoclasts which were detected by TRACPase staining in the distal areas of the tooth sockets. In the mesial tooth socket areas however, low levels of osteopontin mRNA expression was observed. In the experimental specimens high levels of osteopontin mRNA expression of both the osteoblasts and osteocytes was observed in the mesial areas of tooth sockets in response to the experimental tooth movement.
These results indicated that osteopontin gene expression is related to the alveolar bone remodeling as far as the bone resorption incident to the physiologic tooth movement and that this expression level significantly increased in response to a certain mechanical stress incident to the experimental tooth movement.

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Change in Trigeminal Mesencephalic Neurons after Teeth Extraction in Guinea Pig

Atsushi Kimoto

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 199-212
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.199

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Trigeminal mesencephalic (Mes V) neurons innervating the periodontal mechanoreceptor (PMR) are known to play an important role in controlling the bite force and jaw-movements during mastication. After teeth loss, the PMR disappears due to loss of the periodontal membrane. The present work is a study on whether cell death is induced in the Mes V neurons in association with teeth loss. The upper and lower incisors were extracted on the right side in 5 guinea pigs (extraction group) and the other 5 guinea pigs were kept intact (control group) . In the extraction group, the animals were kept alive for 58-119 days after teeth extraction. Serial coronal sections (50μm thick) were made of the midbrain and pons and stained with cresyl violet. The Mes V neurons were counted on every other section. In the caudal half of the Mes V nucleus, where the neurons innervating the PMR are reported to be located, the number of neurons was less on the right side than on the left side (P<0.01) in the extraction group, while there was no difference between the right and left sides in the control group. We conclude that teeth extraction can induce cell death in the Mes V neurons innervating the PMR and produce a significant change in the brainstem mechanisms controlling mastication.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 213
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.213

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 214
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.214

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 215
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.215

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 216
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.216

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 217
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.217

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[title in Japanese]

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 218
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.218

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[title in Japanese]

1993 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 219-234
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.60.219

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