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Akira MORITA
1971 Volume 17 Pages
1-3
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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In this paper, the author reports about the disease occurrence of loquat canker in relation to the method and time of disbudding of loquat tree.
The highest rate of disease occurrence was seen in the scar of disbudding of current shoot. In case of disbudding by pruning scissors decreased the disease. The spray of Bordeaux mixture just after disbudding also was effective to prevent the disease. From the view point of canker control the pruning in September was better than that in July. The disease was controlled extremely by the painting of valcoat (with 2 % padan) on scars by pruning.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
3-4
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
4-7
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
7-8
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
9-11
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
11-12
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
13-14
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
15-16
Published: October 25, 1971
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Fukuji NONAKA, Masanori NAKAJI
1971 Volume 17 Pages
16-19
Published: October 25, 1971
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Mycelial growth of Fusarium solani f. pisi pathogenic to garden pea was slightly retarded on the medium containing pisatin, a phytoalexin from the plant, and pisatin in the medium was inactivated markedly by the fungus, on the other hand, growth of Cladosporium fulvum not pathogenic to the plant and inactivation of pisatin were scarcely observed. Pisatin was inactivated by mixing it into the spore suspension of F. solani f. pisi and the beginning of inactivation of pisatin coincided with the time of spore germination.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
19-20
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
21-22
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
22-25
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
25-26
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
26-28
Published: October 25, 1971
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Sadao KIMURA
1971 Volume 17 Pages
28-31
Published: October 25, 1971
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Sweet potato slices, 7-10mm thick, were dipped in suspension of wettable powder at room temperature for 15-20 minutes, and then inoculated with filter paper discs (5mm dia.) containing black rot spores.
In case of less effective fungicides, colonies of C. fimbriata developed in 3-6 days under the condition of 25°C and high humidity. But, no colonies developed on sweet potato slices treated with Benlate, methyl-l-(butyl-carbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate, at the concentration of 0.1 %.
In the field test as well as in this screening, Benlate was the most effective.
This simplified method will be practical for screening of fungicides to control the black rot of sweet potato.
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
31-34
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
34-38
Published: October 25, 1971
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Shigeo YAMAMOTO
1971 Volume 17 Pages
38-40
Published: October 25, 1971
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Several fungicides, viz. Daconil wettable powder, Daconil mixtures, Benrate and NF-44 were tested on two fungi, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn from Seaside bentgrass (Agrostis pulust7is Huds.) and Curvularia sp. from Manilagrass (Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.).
Most of these fungicides were found to be effective against the two fungi, especially more effective for Rhiztoconia solani than Curvularia sp.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
40-41
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
41-42
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
42-44
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
44-46
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
47-50
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
50-52
Published: October 25, 1971
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Kinji TANAKA, Fukuji NONAKA
1971 Volume 17 Pages
53-55
Published: October 25, 1971
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The rice stem rot fungus and the companion pathogens were isolated from diseased stems collected weekly during the rice growing season in around of Saga University. Leptosphaeria salvinii, one of stem rot fungi was isolated always from diseased rice plants during the test season. On the other hand, Rhizopus sp. was isolated with high frequency in hot season from the end of July to early in August. Nigrospora sp. was isolated abundantly in the season from the end of September to harvest time. The lesions of rice stem rot enlarged exceedingly by mix inoculation of L. salvinii and Rhizopus sp.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
55-57
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
58-59
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
60-62
Published: October 25, 1971
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Kouichi INOUE
1971 Volume 17 Pages
62-63
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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1. The type of density effect in the mite population, particularly on the restrictive mechanism, was investigated in a growth cabinet at 25°C, 55-90% RH.
2. It is indicated the optimum density for increase of the mite population was 5-10 eggs per leaf (0.14-0.29 eggs per cm
2 of leaf area) or 3-6 adult females per leaf (0.09-0.18 adult females per cm
2) (Fig. 1 and 3).
3. The major restrictive factors for increase were reduction of longevity and decrease of fecundity, owing to interference among the individual and shortage of food at high density (Fig. 3).
4. Dispersal or dropping from leaves due to high density were slightly observed in larvae and nymphs, but observed frequently in adult females just after the last moulting (Fig. 2).
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
64-65
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
65-67
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
67-69
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
69-74
Published: October 25, 1971
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Manabu TANAKA, Masahiro KOBAYASHI
1971 Volume 17 Pages
74-77
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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1. The present studies was carried out in a persimmon grove of 40 a (36 years old) at Haki, Asakura-gun, Fukuoka from August to November of 1970, 30 a of the grove was used as a release area and the rest as the control.
2. All the trees in the release area were classified into 6 grades by the host insect density and five to six trees were used for each grade. The number of mummies released on each tree were varied as 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 times that of egg-sacs of the host. One parasite usually produces 40 mummies (80 mummies per female and sex-ratio 1:1) and 30 first instar larvae of the host develop from one egg-sac.
3. Rate of parasitization on released trees showed a slight increase with amount of mummies released. Average parasitization on Sept. 9 about 20 days after release were 33.78% and that of the neighboring trees were 19.37%.
4. Average host density on released trees and neighboring trees decreased extremely on Sept. 9. Rate of infested fruits in released trees decreased on trees on which the host density before release was high, while it increased slightly on the trees of low density.
5. Rate of fruits bearing sooty mould at harvest was 16% on treated trees but 19% on the nieghboring trees and 45% in control.
6. Average parasitization by Anagyrus sp. which inhabits naturally and parasitizes on developed larvae of the host insect, was about 60%.
7. From these results it is expectable to control Planococcus kraunhiae more effectively using cooperatively these two parasites.
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Akira GOTOH
1971 Volume 17 Pages
78-80
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Aso-Kudju Plateau is located in the central part of the northern Kyushu (33°N, 131°E). Altitude ranges from 650m to 900m, annual mean temperature is 12°C or less and volcanic ash soil covers the ground on the plateau. Clovers and graminaceous grasses such as orchardgrass and ryegrass were grown in plowed meadows and pastures, and vegetations of natural grasslands were of Miscanthus-, Imperata-, Zoysia- or Sasa-type. Survey of root-knot nematodes in this area was thought to be important not only from a viewpoint of grassland improvement but also from the ecology of the nematodes.
Researches were made extensively, covering six villages, and intensively in Sankyo Pastures in Oguni-machi, Kumamoto-ken. Several soil samples, including rhyzosphere soils of leguminous plants such as clovers or Lespedeza spp. in many cases, were collected in a given site and they were mixed into a pot, where seeds of the balsam were sown. Collections were made in 1968-1970, except in winter. Perineal patterns of female nematodes isolated from galls on the balsam roots were examined for identification of species.
Table 1 and Figure 1 show results of the survey. All specimens derived from natural and plowed grasslands in the plateau, i. e., from two locations in Kokonoe-machi, Oita-ken, two locations in Oguni-machi, Kumamoto-ken, two locations in Ichinomiya-machi, K-ken and four locations in Aso-machi, K-ken were identified as Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949. Also from grasslands at the foot of Mt. Aso was found M. hapla. In contrast with M. hapla, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) and Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) were found in maize and tobacco fields in some lower locations. The Meloidogyne-fauna of the hilly grasslands described here was peculiar in Kyushu, a warmee region of Japan, where M. incognita, M. javanica, M. hapla etc. were found commonly. In the present case, climatic influence was considered as a main factor on the, distribution of M. hapla, M. incognita and M. javanica.
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Akira GOTOH, Zen-ichi SANO
1971 Volume 17 Pages
81-84
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
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Fumigation of nematode-infected soils in sealed containers was proposed formerly as a method of testing activities of nematicidel fumigants, susceptibility of nematodes to nematicides or arranging dosage rates of candidate nematicides before field experiments.
Field soil infected with given nematodes was sieved through a 16 mesh sieve, mixed and put into glass pots of 235 ml. Liquid fumigant at a given dose was put into the center of a pot with soil. The upper, open surface of soil was sealed with double sheets of polyethylene film. Nematodes were fumigated in soil at a temperature of 25°C for 48 to 480 hours according to fumigants. In general, treatments were begun three or four days after collection of soil. After fumigation, soil was spread out in a enameled bat and aerated for two or three hours. Percent inhibition of mobility of a given nematode was estimated by Baermann's technique, and that of gall-index in the root-knot nematode, by growing balsam plants on the soils treated and untreated. Each treatment was replicated five times in most experiments.
Linearity of dosage-response curves was examined at first. Experiments were made at doses of 0.008, 0.012, 0.016, 0.020 and 0.024ml per pot for EDB(30%)-oil against Meloidogyne incognita larvae and eggs. Probit of percent inhibition was obtained as a response value at each dose. In most experiments, regression lines fit well with response observed for medium three or four doses, but those at 0.008 or 0.024 ml were often diverged from the lines. In some cases of D-D against M . incognita, linearity was not found between dosage and response. Researches of biology and physiology of larvae and eggs of the nematode and improvement of testing procedure are needed.
Table 1 shows relation between dosages of EDB (30%) and EDB (15%) ⋅EDC (40%) mixture required to produce 50% and 95% inhibition of mobility, and those of gall-index for M. incognita. What are they about other nematicides such as DBCP ? In practice, dosage for 95-100% inhibition of gall-index is a suggestive value for field experiments.
The results of experiments made for susceptibility to EDB of M. incognita as a standard test nematode are shown in Table 2 and 3 in relation to seasons and hosts. Susceptibility to EDB of Pratylenchus coffeae is given in Table 4 in comparison with M. incognita.
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Kaoru SHIMIZU, Yoshito NAKASHIMA
1971 Volume 17 Pages
84-86
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Soft vesicated styrene resin, used as thermal insulating material inside of the storehouse which was built one year ago, was injured by the termite, Coptoterines fornaosanus SHIRAKI.
Four causes of this termite damage were investigated as follows;
1) soft vesicated styrene resin is easily injured,
2) such resin is poor water-absorbent,
3) there was not very much change of room temperature,
4) water drops were .formed on polyethylene film used within the wall.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
86-88
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1971 Volume 17 Pages
88-90
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
91-95
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
95-98
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1971 Volume 17 Pages
98-101
Published: October 25, 1971
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
101-103
Published: October 25, 1971
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Akira SAKANOSHITA, Kiyoshi KOIDE
1971 Volume 17 Pages
103-105
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Number of species and individuals in the fallows and paddy rice fields were surveyed from 15 May to 5 October in 1970 at an interval of 10 days.
It was found that the fallows had much more number of species than rice fields, and offered them breeding habitats. The green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler) inhabited mainly in paddy rice field, and the white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) and the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) breeded more in the fallows. The fallows seemed to provide temporary refuges for the green rice leafhopper at insecticide application.
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[in Japanese]
1971 Volume 17 Pages
105-107
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Tadatora OKADA
1971 Volume 17 Pages
107-110
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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An entomophoraceous fungus was separated from adults of planthoppers, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) and Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) collected in fields in Chikugo, in August and September of 1970, and cultivated on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium.
Infected planthoppers were observed sporadically in laboratory stock colonies and field populations. Infected leafhoppers, Nephottetix cincticeps (Uhler), probably with the same fungus were also found out. Numerous conidia were forcibly discharged within a range of ca. 10mm from conidophores. The conidia adhered onto anything.
Mycelia were coenocytic and frequently septated, hyphal bodies not septated, conidiophores not branched. Conidia were white or creamy white, spherical with an apiculus, 36.7μ+6.3 S. D. in diameter. Conidium was filled with numerous granules, but bid not include typical vacuoles or oil grobules. Microconidia and villose conidia were recognized sometimes. Resting spores and zygospores have not been observed yet. Thus the fungus was identified as a Conidiobolus species, closely related to Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Srinivasan et Thirumalachar.
The fungus was able to be cultivated on media including singly egg yolk, egg white or autoclaved potato, on potato agar medium, on a skim-milk agar medium and on Sabouraud maltose agar medium as well as Sabouraud dextrose agar medium. The fungus were also cultivated on artificial diets for some lepidopterous larvae excluding antiseptics. Among those media employed, Sabouraud dextrose agar medium seems to be most favourable for colony development and formation of conidia. The skim-milk medium was clarified as the fungus grew, which suggested a proteolytic ability of the fungus.
Infectivity of the fungus was not so high to Nilaparvata by spraying test of conidial suspension. The conidia were infective against the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker, which was killed from a sclerosis 1-4 days after cutaneous inoculation or injection. Filtrates of liquid Sabouraud dextrose medium fully cultivated with the fungus did not show pathogenicity to the stem borer by intrahemocoelic injection.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1971 Volume 17 Pages
110-112
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Ryoiti KISIMOTO
1971 Volume 17 Pages
112-113
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Surveys on percentages of infective planthopper have been continued since 1967 by the he-magglutination test, with parallel surveys on prevalence of planthopper by yellow pan water traps. The percentages at the first generation, immigrants into paddy fields, were rather high, exceeding 5% until 1969. In 1969, density of planthopper showed remarkable decrease due to unknown factors, which caused little occurrence of the rice stripe virus disease. Consequently, the percentage in the overwintering generation of 1969 to 1970 decreased clearly and it is still keeping a low level.
It is important to follow whether or not the percentage shows any sign of increase due to change of agricultural economy, i.e., increase of fallow fields.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1971 Volume 17 Pages
114-115
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1971 Volume 17 Pages
115-117
Published: October 25, 1971
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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