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Mabito IWASAKI, Masaaki NAKANO, Akira SHINKAI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
1-3
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A colony of Nilaparvata lugens, designated as K8, was formed by successive selection from infective and uninfective insects after four generations of acquisition feeding. Subsequent trasmission tests indicated 71% transmission for the selected infective insects, 21% for the selected uninfective, and 43% for the nonselected original colony. Ten colonies of N. lugens, collected from different localities in Japan and in different years, were divided into two groups which were tested for transmission rates with two replicates using different virus source plants. The original K8 colony was used as the control in all tests. The transmission rates varied from 8% to 46% (K8 : 50%) and from 1% to 19% (K8 : 21%) in the first and the second groups, respectively, which showed the least variations in the replicates of the same colony.
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Masamiti KAN, Masafumi MATSUZAKI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
3-5
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Hideki NAITO, Shizuo MOGI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
6-9
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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One susceptible lesion developed on the seedlings of Toride 1 in 1979. The monospore culture derived from the lesion was inoculated to 9 differential varieties (shin 2, Aichi-asahi, Ishikari-shiroke, Kanto 51, Tsuyuake, Fukunishiki, Yashiromochi, Pi No. 4 and Toride 1) and Reiho, Mokoto, Nishihomare. Shin 2, Aichi-asahi, Yashiromochi, Pi No. 4, Toride 1 of these differential varieties and Reiho, Mokoto, Nishihomare showed susceptible reactions. The isolate was thus identified as a new race 703. When the susceptible reaction of Reiho was included, the race was designated as 703S. The number of susceptible lesions on Toride 1 and especially Pi No. 4 was fewer than that on other susceptible varieties under the conditions of 26 or 28 C after inoculation for about 20 hours. But the number of susceptible lesions on Pi No. 4 and especially Toride 1 increased when these varieties were placed under the conditions of 20 C for 5 days following inoculation. The isolate of the new race 703 (703S) and all tested isolates were pathogenic toward seedlings of barley, but only two isolates, race 703 (703S) and 102 (102S), were pathogenic toward seedlings of wheat.
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Kumiko NAKASHIMA, Tadamitsu IWAMOTO, Nobuaki MATSUYAMA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
10-11
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Comparison of field resistance of six standard varieties toward rice blast disease was conducted by the sheath inoculation method. The results led to the conclusion that this method is useful for the estimation of true resistance but not for that of field resistance.
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Wataru HASAMA, Tsutomu TOMIKU, Shunji SATO, Yasuyuki ETO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
12-14
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Fukuji NONAKA, Masahiro YOSHIDA, Chun-ming YU, Kinji TANAKA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
15-18
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
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In artificial inoculation using pot-grown rice plants, pathogenic differences were found in four sclerotial fungi tested. The severity of the pathogenicity was in order of Pelli-cularia sasakii, the most severe; Rhizoctonia oryzae, severe; Sclerotium oryzae-sativae, moderate; and the culture type III-B of Rhizoctonia solani, slight, while there werec ertain pathogenic differences within the isolates of individual fungal species. In paddy field experiments, the pathogenic severity of these fungi was in the following order when the rice plants were inoculated at the stage of panicle formation on August 10:R. oryzae≥the culture type III-B of R. solani>P. sasakii≥S. oryzae-sativae. However, when inoculated at the boot-stage on August 24, the pathogenic severity was in order of P. sasakii>the culture type III-B of R. solani>S. oryzae-sativae>R. oryzae. Thus, it is suggested that the pathogenicity of the sclerotial fungi on rice plants varies according to the growth stage of rice plants at the time of inoculation.
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Fukuji NONAKA, Masahiro YOSHIDA, Chun-ming YU, Kinji TANAKA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
18-21
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Seasonal development of four sclerotial diseases of rice plants, namely sheath blight caused by Pellicularia sasakii, brown sclerotial disease caused by Sclerotium oryzae-sativae, brown sheath blight caused by the culture type III-B of Rhizoctonia solani and bordered sheath blight caused by R. oryzae, were observed in paddy fields during the rice growing season in 1981. Disease diagnosis was based primarily on lesion symptomatology and confirmation of the disease diagnosis was made by isolating the causal organisms in the cases of sheath blight like lesions and pseudo-sheath blight lesions. The first development of sheath blight, bordered sheath blight, brown sheath blight and brown sclerotial diseases was observed in early August, late August, post-heading time (early September), and milk-ripening time (middle September), respectively. Exceedingly progressed development of brown sclerotial disease was observed from early Octorber to harvesting time, at which time a mixture of sclerotial diseases consisting mostly of brown sclerotial disease and other sclerotial diseases was observed in the same paddy field.
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Tomio TAKASAKI, Daizaburo YOSHIMURA, Mari OTOFUJI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
21-24
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Masaaki NAKANO, Mabito IWASAKI, Akira SHINKAI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
24-25
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Tsutomu TOMIKU, Shunji SATO, Wataru HASAMA, Yasuyuki ETO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
26-28
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Katsumi KATAYAMA, Sadao KIMURA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
28-30
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The yield loss and vascular discoloration of potato tubers caused by Pseudomonas solanacearum were surveyed. Susceptible cultivar "Dejima" was grown on field plots whose soil was treated with certain chemicals for their evaluation. A highly significant correlation was found between wilt incidence and yield. Regression lines showed that final wilt incidence could be equated with the percentage of yield loss. With an increase in wilt incidence of the plots, the percentage of discoloration and detection of pathogen from tubers increased.
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Toshinori SHINSU, Fumio YANO, Yoshitaka NAGAO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
31-33
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Soichi SAKAGUCHI, Sunao TOYOMURA, Noriyuki MATSUBARA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
34-36
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Nobuya TASHIRO, Heizo YAMAMOTO, Yoshimitsu MATSUO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
36-40
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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By successive observations of the development of potato common scab caused by Streptomyces scabies in the field, it was found that the infection period of the organism was about thirty days in the early stages of tuber development and the soil moisture in the infection period was closely related to the severity of the potato scab. The relationship between these findings was tested by watering during three stages into which the thirty day infection period was divided: the first stage, the second stage and the last stage. Potato scabs were greatly reduced by high moisture during the twenty days of the second and last stages.
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Takeo MIURA, Hitoshi KAWAGOE, Nobumichi SAKO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
40-42
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Causal viruses of cucurbits and sweet peppers in the fields were quickly detected by ELISA. Diagnosis of watermelon (WMV) and cucumber mosaic viruses (CMV) in cucurbits was made using antiγ-globulins coated on the same polystyrene microtitre plate. Double infection of the two viruses occurred at high frequencies in cucurbits grown in July whereas single infection of WMV was increasingly detected in the crops collected from August to November. ELISA was sensitive in detecting CMV in sweet peppers, while sap inoculations of indicator plants failed to detect CMV in the plants due to hot temperature in mid-summer or inhibitory effects of virus inhibitors in the crude sap.
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Yoshihiro OHTSU, Nobumichi SAKO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
42-44
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Watermelon mosaic virus causes the most serious diseases of pumpkin plants in the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands. The pumpkins of infected plants showed the appearance of abnormal 'wens'. The symptoms of fruit were evident when leaf symptoms were observed at least on the first leaf to root side of fruit-bearing nodes and on subsequently emerging leaves. In order to harvest normal fruits, at least two symptom-free leaves to the tip side from fruit-bearing nodes had to be developed on the plants.
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Nobumichi SAKO, Koushuke YOSHIOKA, Yoshihiro OHTSU
1982 Volume 28 Pages
45-47
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Naturally infected pumpkin plants were collected in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa on January 1982 and tested for the presence of watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) in various parts of the plants by ELSA. Test samples were prepared by grinding fresh materials in PBS-T (1:19) and filtrating the crude sap through two layers of gause. WMV could be detected easily by ELISA in leaves, petioles, roots, stems, flowers, fruits and seeds from infected plants. Higher virus concentrations were distributed in leaves, anther among staminate flower parts, colyx lobe among pistillate flower parts epicarp among fruit parts and the seed coats of seed parts. For diagnosis of WMV in field samples by ELISA, nearly all parts of the infected plants were useful as test sources.
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Katsuhiko KOGA, Akira KISO, Yoshikuni NOMURA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
48-49
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Akira KISO, Yoshikuni NOMURA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
50-53
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Sumito TANAKA, Hiroshi IKEDA, Toshinobu NAKAMURA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
53-54
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Seiji KOGA, Takahiko KOGA, Takenori NAKAYAMA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
55-58
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Shunji SATO, Tsutomu TOMIKU, Shunji ANDO, Wataru HASAMA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
59-61
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Sadao KIMURA, Yoshio OGAWA, Michiaki NAGANO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
61-64
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Yoshikuni NOMURA, Akira KISO, Yoshihiro KANEGAE
1982 Volume 28 Pages
64-66
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Iprodione resistant isolates of Botrytis cinerea were obtained from tomatoes cultivated in a vinyl house using iprodione fungicide, and the growth of isolates in PDA media containing pure dicarboximide compounds was tested. The growth of the isolates was suppressed at 35-75 ppm of iprodione, but recovered at 100-500 ppm. Growth features in response to iprodione were found on both wettable powder and the pure compound at almost the same density as the efficient ingredient in the media. But growth features in response to procymidone and vinclozolin could hardly be detected.
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Akira KISO, Yoshikuni NOMURA, Yoshiharu KANEGAE
1982 Volume 28 Pages
66-69
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Hirobumi TAZAKI, Nobuaki MATSUYAMA, Satoshi WAKIMOTO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
69-70
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The sclerotial formation of Sclerotium rolfsii was stimulated or inhibited by various amino acids. Sulfur-containing amino acids were always inhibitive toward the formation. Despite the structural resemblance between serine and cysteine, the effect on formation is quite different. This fact may possibly indicate the inhibitory effect of S or SH toward sclerotium development. The process of sclerotium formation was divided into main five stages: hyphal branching, aggregation and network formation, initials formation, whitish sclerotium formation and maturation. Inhibition by sulfur-containing amino acids appeared more distinctly when treatment was conducted at the early stage of sclerotium development. The mechanism of inhibition is briefly discussed.
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Masafumi MATSUZAKI, Masamiti KAN
1982 Volume 28 Pages
70-73
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A test of control effects on rot of onion bulbs during storage in the summer season was made by applying several kinds of fungicides to onion leaves infected by Phytophthora porri and Peronospora destructor during the growing season. The rot of onion bulbs decreased more by two applications of mancozeb prior harvest than by the same amount of chlorothalonil (TPN). The most effective results were obtained by four applications of mancozeb and three of zineb during the growing season, and by four applications of ridomil at the early part of the growing season.
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Hiroshi IKEDA, Sumito TANAKA, Toshinobu NAKAMURA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
74-75
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Shuntaro TANOUE, Takenori NAKAYAMA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
75-78
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Akira MORITA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
78-80
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Tamotu KIKU
1982 Volume 28 Pages
80-82
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Takahiko OTA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
83-85
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Bactericidal activity of the copper compound, Kocide, toward Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri was observed by assay under low component concentrations in the medium. The copper compound showed no inhibition toward the multiplication of X. campestris pv. citri at high concentrations. Polypeptone, sodium glutamate, and yeast extract added to the medium, inhibited the bactericidal activity of the copper compound while sucrose, magnesium sulfate, and agar had no influence on the inhibitory activity. Thus, it was found that PPS media diluted from ten to one hundred times with water were suitable for a bioassay of the copper compound activity toward X. campestris pv. citri.
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Takaharu ISODA, Shigeru YAMAMOTO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
86-89
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Kimio ONO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
89-92
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Mitsuo SADAMATSU, Kazuhiro OGATA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
93-96
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Mitsuo SADAMATSU, Kazuhiro OGATA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
97-99
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Toshiyuki NONAKA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
100-102
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Kiyoshi NARIKIYO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
102-106
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Kazuo HOKAMA, Ansho MIYARA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
106-108
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Possibility of infestation of rice plants by the population grown on water-oats.
Kazuo MIYAHARA, Hatuko MIKURIYA, Hidehiko WAKIBE
1982 Volume 28 Pages
109-111
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Yukihiko YAMASHITA, Saburo FUKAMACHI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
111-113
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Ki-Baik UHM, Hitoshi INOUE, Jutaro HIRAO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
113-116
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Our field observations indicate that the major host plants are Oryza sativa (rice) for Sogatella furcifera, Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) for S. panicicola, and Digitaria adscendens for S. longifurcifera. All of these plants gave good growth of insects in the laboratory except that both S. furcifera and S. panicicola showed a high mortality on D. adscendens. The distinct difference in calling sounds of these species suggested sexual isolation one from another. In an oscillograph analysis of sounds a series of male calling sounds consisted of two types, a trill of regular and irregular pulses, and in the case of females a series of simple and regular pulses consisting of several chirps, showing different rates of pulse repetition. No identical or confusingly similar sounds were demonstrated among the species. Interspecific insect crosses were unsuccessful for any combination of the three species.
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Shingo OYA, Jutaro HIRAO
1982 Volume 28 Pages
117-121
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A voyage survey to catch migrating rice planthoppers on a ship stationed at the Weather Station (31°N, 126°E) on, the East China Sea was carried out from June 23 to July 2, 1981. The results showed that the planthoppers were caught on June 24 and during June 27-30. The total number of planthoppers caught by net traps, 1 m in diameter and 18 m above the sea, during the voyage period was 125 Sogatella furcifera, 38 Nilaparvata lugens, and 19 Laodelphax striatellus. Also 14 species in 9 families includ-ing 6 species of agricultural importance were caught simultaneously during the period. Planthdpper immigration at Chikugo (33°12'N, 130°30'E), northern Kyushu, was observed twice, June 23 and June 27-30. The latter immigration at Chikugo coincided well with that on the Sea in terms of north-eastward migration, whereas the former occurred independently at these two stations. The total number of planthoppers caught at Chikugo during June 27-30 was 2, 129 S. furcifera and 19 N. lugens by 2 net traps and 1, 447 and 136, respectively, by a light trap. The difference in the number of planthoppers caught at the two stations presumably depends on the distance from the Baiu front with which migrations are considered to be associated. The fronts were always located close to Chikugo during the period of investigation.
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Saburo FUKAMACHI, Akio KUDAMATSU
1982 Volume 28 Pages
121-124
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Satoru SHIMENO, Koki HIROTA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
124-126
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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An improved testing method was developed for evaluating the effects of dusts on rice leaf rollers, C. medinalis. The plants, with or without insects, were dusted in a cylindrical plastic case of a size larger than that of a conventional Bell-jar duster, this facilitated the use of test plants of larger size. By this method, the effects of several kinds of dusts were tested for the relation between larval age and mortality, residual activity toward larvae and contact toxicity toward adults. Good correlation was found between the results of laboratory tests and those obtained from field experiments.
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Kouji NONAKA, Satoshi TERAMOTO, Kiyofumi NAGAI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
126-127
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Satoshi TERAMOTO, Kouji NONAKA, Kiyofumi NAGAI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
128-129
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Toshio YOSHIHARA, Akira KAWAI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
130-131
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Akira KAWAI
1982 Volume 28 Pages
132-134
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Hiroshi SUZUKI, Shinco TAMAKI, Ansei MIYARA
1982 Volume 28 Pages
134-137
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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