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Fukuji NONAKA, Sinichi IDE, Kinji TANAKA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
1-3
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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In an attempt to distinguish certain characteristics attributable to regions, cultural comparisons of 553 isolates of sheath blight fungus collected from different areas in Japan were carried out using PSA media. Regional differences in the mycelial growth were not found when the isolates were cultured at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 3^ C, respectively. The isolates tested were classified into six culture types according to color of mycelial mat and formation of sclerotia. Regional differences were also not found in the six culture types. Of the six culture types, the mycelial growth was best with the isolates of type I, worst with those of type IV. Significant differences were found respectively in the mycelial growth between type I and types II, III, VI and also between type VI and types I, II, IV, V.
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Fukuji NONAKA, Kinji TANAKA, Akira SAKATA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
3-5
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Recently several sclerotial fungi other than causal pathogen of sheath blight, Pellicularia sasakii, were frequently isolated from sheath blight like lesions of rice plants. Average isolation rates of sheath blight fungus and other sclerotial fungi from the lesions collected from different areas in Japan were 82.6 (256 isolates) and 13.2 (41 isolates) percent respectively. Species of sclerotial fungi other than P. sasakii were as follows: Rhizoctonia oryzae, Sclerotium fumigatum, Sclerotium oryzae-sativae, Rhizoctonia solani (culture type III-B) and Sclerotium hydrophilum. In the Tohoku area sclerotial fungi other than P. sasakii accounted for 40 percent (26 isolates) of 65 isolates tested. Brown sheath blight fungus, R. solani (culture type III-B), was identified by means of hyphal anastomosis.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
6-7
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
8-10
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
10-12
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Shohei MATSUMOTO, Shizuo MOGI
1979 Volume 25 Pages
12-14
Published: October 30, 1979
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We attempted to introduce late-summer sown barley harvested within the year into paddy fields after harvesting of early maturing rice varieties. Ear blast was observed on the barley in late November without appearance of leaf lesions. In most cases, a part of the rachis was infected, and the upper part turned whitish yellow and shriveled. A little neck rot was also observed. The causal organism was identified as a rice blast fungus by artificial inoculations to rice blast differentials.
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
14-16
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
16-19
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
19-20
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
21-24
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Noriaki NAGAO, Yukihiko YAMAMOTO, Satoshi WAKIMOTO, Sumito TANAKA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
24-27
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was isolated from eggplants showing necrotic symptoms on fruits and mosaic on leaves, and the virus was confirmed to be a causal agent of these symptoms. The virus had characteristics as follows: 1) large necrotic lesions and veinal necrosis on inoculated leaves with systemic symptoms either necrosis or mosaic on Vigna sinensis and Phaseolus vulgaris. 2) systemic infection on radish and Chinese cabbage, etc. without any symptoms. 3) spherical particles about 30 nm in diameter. 4) positive reaction to CMV-Y antiserum in agar-diffusion test. 5) thermal inactivation point about 65 C. From these results, it was concluded that the virus was one of the strains of CMV systemically infectious to leguminous and cruci-ferous plants.
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Kinji TANAKA, Fukuji NONAKA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
27-29
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Rhizoctonia sp. and Colletotrichum fragariae were isolated with high frequency from root, petiole and crown of damping-off seedlings of strawberry collected from nursery beds in Kanzaki, Saga Prefecture, July 15, 1978. Welsh onion, radish, pea and broad bean were susceptible to Rhizotctonia sp. while wheat, potato, tomato, cucumber, burdock, cow-pea and peanut were not susceptible to artificial inoculation. The fungus directly penetrated the strawberry roots following blighting of the petioles. Inoculation test with a mixture of both isolates of the Rhizoctonia sp. and C. fragariae proved more severe pathogenicity to strawberry seedlings than either fungus alone.
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Fukuji NONAKA, Kinji TANAKA, Fujio IMAMURA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
29-31
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The fungi isolated from strawberry stocks with anthracnose-like disease were as follows: Colletotrichum fragariae, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizoctonia sp., Fusariurn sp., Dendrophoma obscurans, and Pythium sp. Of these, C. fragariae and R. solani were highly pathogenic to strawberry seedlings. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth on PSA medium was about 27 C for both R. solani and C. fragariae. R. solani was moderately or highly pathogenic to Cucurbitaceae, Cruciferae and other test plants. Inoculation tests with a mixture of both isolates of the C. fragariae and R. solani proved more severe pathogenicity to strawberry seedlings than either fungus alone.
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Masafumi MATSUZAKI, Masamiti KAN, Kazuma HYAKUTAKE
1979 Volume 25 Pages
32-35
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Damping-off of seedlings of strawberrys grown in the nursery beds appeared and spread rapidly in Saga Prefecture in August 1978. Phylophlhora sp. was isolated with high frequency from crown, root and leaves of infected seedlings. The results of observation on fruit bodies of the fungus zoosporangia show prominent apical papilla and antheridium was amphigynous. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth on medium was about 30C and slight mycelial growth was even observed at 35C. Seedlings, mature fruits and petioles of strawberry, and fruits of eggplant or cucumber were susceptible to Phytophllzora sp. through artificial inoculation. Phytophthora sp. is dissimilar to Phytophthora fragariae and Phytophthora cactorum because of differences in their morphological and pathogenical properties.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
36-37
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
37-38
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
38-40
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
40-42
Published: October 30, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
42-45
Published: October 30, 1979
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
45-47
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
47-49
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
50-53
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
54-55
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
56-58
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1979 Volume 25 Pages
58-60
Published: October 30, 1979
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
61-63
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Masahiro KOBAYASHI, Takashi WADA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
64-66
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Hymenopterous parasites which emerged from the rice leaf roller collected in the paddy fields were investigated both in the early planting culture transplanted on May, 15 and in the normal season culture transplanted on June 21 in 1978. A total of six parasite species were found; they were Trichogramma sp., Trathala flavo-orbitalis, Bethylid sp., Apanteles sp., Itoplectis narangae and Brachymeria excarinata. An egg parasite, Trichogramma sp. emerged in mid-June in the early planting culture, and in early August and in the first half of September in the normal season culture. The parasitism was 21 % at its maximum in mid-September. A larval parasite, T. flavoorbitalis was a dominant species in the early planting culture and its parasitism varied from 34 to 54 % during late June to early July, whereas in the normal season culture it was 12 % at its maximum. Two other larval parasites, Bethylid sp. and Apanteles sp., were observed only in the normal season culture. The former emerged from late August to mid-October and the parasitism varied from 1 to 35 %, whereas the latter was very scanty. Both I, narangae and B. excarinata emerged from the pupae collected in the normal season culture during late September to late October. The maximum parasitism was 31 % in I. narangae and 11 % in B. excarinata in late October.
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Osamu SETOKUCHI
1979 Volume 25 Pages
66-70
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Effects of infestation by Longiunguis sacchari (ZEHNTNER) on the yield and quality of forage sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.) were investigated during 1974-76. The aphids sucked juice from leaf blades of sorghum and sooty mold thrived on the honeydew.
Analysis of the damage showed that direct suck of the aphids and sooty mold caused reduction independently in dry matter yield. Dry matter percentage of sorghum infested with aphids were about 1-1.3 % lower than those of uninfested plants, but the plants infested after the heading stage were hardly affected. The percentage of total nitrogen contents of leaf blades were always highest when the aphids were controlled, but their quantities converted into the total weight per dry matter of the plant tended to decrease in infested plants. After the heading stage, dead and unhealthy leaves of sorghum damaged by the aphids increased to about twice as many as uninfested plants.
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Junichi YUKAWA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
70-72
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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At least 10 species of the genus Contarinia have been known to exist in Japan (YUKAWA, 1971; YUKAWA, unpublished), and about a hundred nominal species have been recognized in the world. They are quite similar, and species identifications are mainly based on host data. In recent years, a successful attempt to separate fourteen species of Contarinia was made chiefly by counting thoracic setae and by measuring antennal segments (HARRIS, 1966). In order to identify the sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (COQUILLETT, 1899) in Japan and to separate it from two unnamed relatives whose larvae develop in the spikelets of Triticum aestivum L. and Echinochloa crusgalli P. BEAUV., respectively, the antennal segments, wings and ovipositor of these species were measured and the numbers of their eye bridge-ommatidia, fronto-clypeal setae and mesepimeral setae were counted. As a result, the similarities and dissimilarities in morphological characteristics among these three species were clarified by using a wide spectrum of the characteristics examined.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
72-74
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
74-77
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
77-78
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
79-80
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Hatuko MIKURIYA, Kazuo MIYAHARA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
80-82
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Pesticide residues in water were monitored 19 times in five creaks in Saga during April to December in 1978. Herbicide benthiocarb and simetryne were found during June to August, showing the highest concentration of 19.5 ppb in early July for benthiocarb and 10.2 ppb in mid-July for simetryne. Herbicide molinate was found during July to August, showing the highest concentration of 62.9 ppb in mid-July. Insecticide cartap was detected with less frequencies and its concentration was lower than 0.2 ppb. Residue levels corresponded to the application time and dosages of the pesticides applied in paddy fields.
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
83-84
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Kensuke OASHI, Akira TANAKA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
84-87
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Seasonal prevalence of the dasheen horn worm, Theratra pinastrina MARTYN, has been investigated by counting numbers of adults caught in a 20-w blacklight trap and by direct field observations at dasheen fields of Kushira district, Kagoshima Prefecture, in 1976-1978. The adults were caught in the trap during the period between mid-May and mid-October, more abundantly in August and September. The numbers of eggs and larvae in the field fluctuated in parallel with the number of adults caught in the trap. This species was considered to overwinter in the pupal stage, and there were four generations a year; the first generation lasted from mid-May to early July, the second from late June to early, August, the third from early August to mid-September, and the fourth from early September to mid-October. The male to female ratio was ca. 90 : 10 for the adults caught in the light trap.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
87-90
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1979 Volume 25 Pages
90-92
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
92-94
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
94-96
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Akira TANAKA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
96-100
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Seasonal changes in number of chafer were investigated by counting numbers of adults caught in a 60-w incandescent light trap at Kanoya during 1961-1972 and in a 20-w blacklight trap at Kushira during 1974-1977. Total numbers of chafer caught annually in the traps fluctuated between 1, 000 and 4, 000 at Kanoya and between 70, 000 and 120, 000 at Kushira. Particularly at Kushira, chafer populations increased year by year. This tendency was observed markedly for Anomala rufocuprea MOTSHULSKY, which was dominant among 15 species collected, accounting for about 70% of total catches at Kushira. A. geniculata MOTSHULSKY, A. daimiana HAROLD, A. albopilosa HOPE and A. cuprea HOPE were subdominant and the remainder were very small in number. Total catches of all species showed the same trend at the two places: the number of catches began to increase from May and ended in September or October, reaching its peak in August. A. rufocuprea exhibited a wide range of colour variation.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
101-102
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
102-104
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Yoshio OHIRA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
104-106
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Mating behavior of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), was observed under laboratory conditions, and the relationships between mating and egg maturation were examined. Under a 16:8h light:dark photoperiod at 25°C, 1- to 4-day-old moths showed a similar pattern of mating behavior: mating occurred almost always in dark period, with a peak between 1 and 2 hours after "light-off"; multiple matings in a day, with a maximum of 4 times, occurred in 25% of pairs; the mean duration of mating was about 75 minutes. In the case of mated females, the number of mature eggs produced by each female, i. e. the number of eggs laid by the female plus the number of mature eggs found in its ovaries, was at least 30 regardless of age. Using this minimum value of egg maturation rate as a criterion of sexual maturity in females, the estimated proportions of individuals having mating ability for 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-day-old females were 54, 40, 68 and 98%, respectively.
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[in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
107-109
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Akira KAWAI
1979 Volume 25 Pages
109-112
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The effects of larval density on larval and pupal development, adult longevity and oviposition of the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae COQUILETT, were examined. The average body weight of pupa and pupation rate decreased with the increase of larval density. The larval density did not affect emergence rate. Small pupae emerged slightly earlier than large ones. Adult longevity of flies reared at the high larval density was slightly shorter than that of flies reared at the low larval density, and the decrease of fecundity of the former was slight. Fecundity of the former was about 60% of that of the latter though body weight was only one fourth. Even if the larval density is excessively high, the melon fly can reproduce next generation flies sufficiently since the body size becomes small and the small fly oviposits sufficiently.
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Hiroshi KAJITA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
112-113
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The fecundity and longevity of the single female of Encarsia formosa GAHAN were examined at temperatures ranging from 15-40°C and at humidities ranging from 31-100% R. H. Temperature and humidity greatly affected the fecundity and longevity. The max-imum values for the fecundity and longevity occurred at a low temperature and at a medium humidity. At 20°C and 74% R. H. the average fecundity and longevity were 92 eggs and 28 days, respectively.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
113-115
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Kunihide OKUHARA, Tetsuzô HAMAMURA
1979 Volume 25 Pages
115-119
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae KOCH, was collected from four localities in Japan; Morioka, Shizuoka, Tottori, and Kumamoto. Laboratory experiments were conducted in Hiroshima and Kumamoto in 1976 and 1977, respectively. The time of the first oviposition by diapause terminated females in the field was recorded in Kumamoto in the spring of 1978. The emergence time of diapause females differed distinctly among three of the local stocks. The Shizuoka stock had no diapause despite the fact that the same environmental conditions were given to all stocks. The time of entering diapause was the earliest in the highest latitude Morioka stock and latest in the lowest latitude Kumamoto stock. The Tottori stock ranked in the medium position. The time of diapause termination also differed among these stocks. It seems that the females from the eggs laid in mid- to late October begin to enter diapause in the case of normal climatic conditions. However, if warm winter prevails, nondiapause females are able to survive and ovinosit successively during winter.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1979 Volume 25 Pages
119-122
Published: October 30, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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