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Kazuhiro So, Masato Kanayama, Junichiro Yamaguchi
2004 Volume 50 Pages
1-5
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Takashi Nakajima, Norio Sobaru, Tomoko Sakata, Megumi Yoshida
2004 Volume 50 Pages
6-9
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Misa Maeda, Mie Koga, Takeshi Yokoyama, Seiji Koga
2004 Volume 50 Pages
10-13
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Kazutoshi Matsuo
2004 Volume 50 Pages
14-18
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
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Akira Morita
2004 Volume 50 Pages
19-22
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Field surveys revealed that an average 5.0% of grape plants, mainly cv. 'Kyoho', showed the symptoms of vein rot in the vineyards in Nagasaki Prefecture. The symptoms were observed most frequently in non-heated greenhouses and were rare in heated greenhouses or in the fields. The symptoms did not affect the fruit quality and yield of 'Kyoho' but diseased leaves fell earlier than healthy ones did. A bacterium, which formed milky white and round colonies, was isolated from vein rot lesions on 'Kyoho'. The bacterium induced the similar symptoms when it was inoculated into the veins of pre-hardening leaves of 'Kyoho'. The results showed that bacterium was the causal agent of the vein rot symptoms of 'Kyoho'.
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Takashi Wada, Yoichi Yusa, Katsuya Ichinose, Hiroo Kanno, Masaya Matsu ...
2004 Volume 50 Pages
23-28
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Mortality of the apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, caused by tillage or soil puddling was examined in rice fields. Tillage greatly decreased the snail density with ca. 75% mortality when the mean shell height of snails was 20.3 mm (±4.3;S.D.). However, "intensive tillage" using a special rotary cultivator with a smaller rotary pitch, and taking more time than ordinary tillage. had no additional effect on snail mortality. Soil puddling also attained a 67% mortality rate for snails with a mean shell height of 20.4 mm (±5.3:S.D.). When smaller snails (mean shell height: 11.8±5.4 mm) occurred in a field, 68% mortality was attained by tillage plus soil puddling. One of the examples revealed that a density of 4.5 overwintering snails per m
2 in a field was finally reduced to 0.3 snails per m
2 by tillage plus two occasions of soil puddling. Thus, tillage and soil puddling are good methods for decreasing snail density before rice planting.
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Toshinobu Nakamura, Masaya Matsumura, Satoru Urano, Makoto Tokuda
2004 Volume 50 Pages
29-34
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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To elucidate the effects of the predacious mirid bug Cyrtorhynus lividipennis on the brown rice planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, we released C.lividipennis in a paddy field and examined the seasonal prevalence of the two species as well as the white-backed rice planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera, and another predacious mirid bug, Tytthus chinensis. A population census of the above four species was also conducted in two other fields where C. lividipennis was not released. The density of BPH was kept low in only one part of the area where the C.lividipennis population was released, and also in the two fields where C.lividipennis was not released. The population of T.chinensis increased when the density of WBPH was high in the three fields examined. It increased slightly when the density of BPH was high and where Clividipennis was present. It increased synchronously with the increase of BPH where C.lividipennis was absent.
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Masaya Matsumura, Makoto Tokuda
2004 Volume 50 Pages
35-39
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A continuous laboratory rearing method using rice seedlings was established for the orange leafhopper Cicadulina bipunctata (Melichar), which induces maize wallaby ear disease (MWED) on maize. The generation time was 28 to 35 days and the growth rate (from adults to adults) was 3.9 at a day length of 16 h and a temperature of 25°C. To establish a simple method for evaluating varietal resistance of maize to MWED, two pairs of adult C. bipunctata were released on a six-day-old maize seedling for three days. At six days after removal of the insects the leaf length of the maize seedling was measured and the symptoms of MWED were observed using a rating of 0 to 2 based on the following scale: 0 = no symptom; 1 = slight enlargement of leaf vein; 2 = severe swelling of leaf vein. Using this method, varietal resistance of maize to MWED can be easily evaluated under laboratory conditions.
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Suguru Ohno, Tomonori Sasaki, Kimiko Urasaki, Tsuguo Kohama
2004 Volume 50 Pages
40-43
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A recent study showed that when eggs of the West Indian sweetpotato weevil (Euscepes postfasciatus) were submerged for five minutes in 70% ethanol, bacterial contamination was reduced in the larval artificial diet without decreasing hatchability. As an alternative to the ordinary egg-surface sterilization method (5 % formaldehyde 20 min submersion) in the artificial rearing of E. postfasciatus, we examined the utility of ethanol treatment of the weevil eggs in terms of post-hatching survival and development. We used survival rate (from egg hatching to adult eclosion). adult sex ratio, development time (from egg to adult), and body size represented by left elytra length as parameters for the survival and development of E. postfasciatus. Parameters measured in the present study did not vary significantly between the 70% ethanol-5 min and the 5% formaldehyde-20 min treatments. We conclude that ethanol can be used as an alternative sterilizing agent to formaldehyde for E. postfasciatus eggs in the artificial rearing of the species.
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Mitsutaka Sakakibara
2004 Volume 50 Pages
44-48
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Females of the West Indian sweetpotato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus. reared on sweetpotato tuber cubes or artificial diets, were able to lay eggs without mating. Unmated females tended to lay more eggs directly in a rearing cup (90.8% on sweetpotato, 100.0% on artificial diets) than mated females (39. 5% and 95.8%, respectively), without showing normal oviposition behaviors. A few eggs laid by unmated females hatched (0.060% on sweetpotato, 0.048% on artificial diets). This parthenogenesis was considered to be an exceptional event caused by mechanical shock during the egging procedure, and could be neglected for attainment of the sterile insect technique (SIT). Conversely, the fact that unmated females could not stop laying unfertilized eggs is expected to be quite favorable for the SIT.
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Yuji Takada, Tomotoshi Kashio
2004 Volume 50 Pages
49-54
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Toshio Kitamura, Tomotoshi Kashio
2004 Volume 50 Pages
55-61
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The susceptibility of strawberry to western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis was investigated in 14 varieties in a choice test and 4 varieties in a non-choice test. There were significant differences among the percentages of strawberry fruit damaged by the thrips. The ratio of damage fruits of 'Toyonoka', which is one of the most popular varieties in Japan, was lowest among the tested varieties in both the choice and no-choice tests. Scince there was no significant relationship between the population density of F occidentalis and the number of damaged strawberry fruits, the main cause of resistance in these varieties is thought to be tolerance.
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Makoto Mizobe, Itsumi Tamura
2004 Volume 50 Pages
62-65
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Yutaka Gyoutoku, Tomotshi Kashio, Takeshi Yokoyama
2004 Volume 50 Pages
66-71
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Yasuhiro Ogawa, Keisuke Uchikawa
2004 Volume 50 Pages
72-76
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Makoto Tokuda, Junichi Yukawa
2004 Volume 50 Pages
77-81
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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In recent years, leaf-fold galls caused by an unidentified gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on cultivated roses in greenhouses have been found successively in various prefectures of Japan. Based on the morphological features of the larva, the gall midge infesting the roses was identified as a species of the genus Contarinia, while gall midges causing similar leaf-fold galls on the native roses. Rosa multiflora and Rosa rugosa, in Japan were identified, respectively, as a species of the genus Dasineura. The Japanese Contarinia species was morphologically different from another Contarinia species that had been found in leaf-fold galls on cultivated roses in North America. At the moment, it is uncertain whether or not the Japanese Contarinia species is native to Japan. Further ecological and behavioral surveys are needed to establish control measures against this gall midge.
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Kazuki Kakimoto, Takuji Iguchi, Hideaki Inoue, Kanetosi Kusigemati
2004 Volume 50 Pages
82-87
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Seasonal patterns of Amblyseius eharai occurrence were synchronized with those of Pseudodendrothrips mori rather than those of Tetranychus kanzawai in mulberry fields. The mean predation rate per day of one A. eharai female adult on 2nd stadium P. mori nymphs was 6.3. and larger than that on T. kanzawai female adults (mean=1.2) or eggs (mean=4.3). When provided with 1st stadium P. mori nymphs and T. kanzawai female adults or eggs simultaneously, one A. eharai female adult consumed more P. mori than T. kanzawai. Further, one A. eharai female adults consumed on average 7.8 2nd stadium T. palmi nymphs. Thus, A. eharai can be a good candidate for biological control of not only spider mites but also thrips.
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Kunihiko Sato, Hideaki Iwahori, Zen-ichi Sano
2004 Volume 50 Pages
88-94
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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2004 Volume 50 Pages
95-106
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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2004 Volume 50 Pages
106-127
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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2004 Volume 50 Pages
128-134
Published: November 10, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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