The number of renal cell carcinoma patients and their mortality are increasing every year. However, therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma have changed in recent years due to significant developments in basic andtranslational research. This includes the introduction of histological types defined by genetic abnormalities, theuse of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in the surgical treatment of early-stage renal cancer, and the treatmentof advanced cancer with immune-oncology (IO) drugs. In addition, combination therapy with IO drugs has beenintroduced in recent years, and the diagnosis and treatment of both early and advanced cancers have been morevaried. This article discusses the latest treatment strategies for renal cancer.

Surgical resection is not the treatment of choice for many blood neoplasms, such as malignant lymphoma. Thus,malignant lymphoma was one of the first diseases to which anticancer drug therapy was applied. In this specialissue entitled “Cancer Therapy,” we discuss the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which isthe most common form of malignant lymphoma. DLBCL has been widely treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) therapy as the standard of care for approximately20 years. Furthermore, since the establishment of CHOP therapy in the 1970s, the primary treatment regimen forDLBCL has not changed for almost half a century. However, novel drugs with different mechanisms of action,such as polatuzumab vedotin and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, have been introduced in the past few years toimprove therapeutic outcomes. This article outlines the history of curative treatments for DLBCL, from establishing CHOP to the latest treatments.

An academic discipline is the process of adding new findings to the corpus of knowledge. For more than twothousand years, since the time of Hippocrates and Galen, the devoted efforts of many physicians and medicalscientists have formed the foundation of modern medical science. It is quite obvious that we should make everypossible effort in our daily practice, education, and research, but if we make new discoveries in the process, wecan contribute to the development of medicine by publishing articles. On an individual level, achievements inpublishing are always valuable in obtaining research funding, qualifications, and promotions. However, it is unacceptable to be dishonest in the process, and if inappropriate actions are suspected, the researcher must raise thesewith his or her superiors. Publication performance can be evaluated quite objectively by the Citation index andh-index, but they are not absolute. Furthermore, medical faculty members should not forget that their medical andeducational achievements are just as important as their publications.

In 2017, the “Guidebook of Standards for the Care and Storage of Laboratory Animals and the Reduction ofSuffering” (hereinafter, the “Guidebook of Standards”) was edited and published by the Ministry of the Environment. The “Guidebook of Standards” provides not only descriptions of animal experiments, but also explainsfeeding and storage in detail with an emphasis on experimental animal welfare.In this paper, we discuss future issues from the present state of animal experiments at Nihon University Schoolof Medicine.

Objective: To investigate the effects of switching from other fibrates to pemafibrate on lipid and liver/renal function in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the medical records of 31 patients with hypertriglyceridemiawho were switched from other fibrates to pemafibrate. Changes in triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanineaminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR), creatine kinase (CK), and uric acid (UA) levels were investigated.Results: Switching from other fibrates to pemafibrate did not significantly improve plasma TG, HDL-C, or LDL-Clevels. However, plasma TG levels did show a significant reduction in the subgroup with hypertriglyceridemia (TG≥ 150 mg/dL). Switching from other fibrates to pemafibrate significantly improved ALT, γ-GTP, serum creatinine,eGFR, and CK levels. There was no significant change in UA levels.Conclusion: Switching from other fibrates to pemafibrate significantly improved liver and renal function. In addition, plasma TG levels were also significantly improved in patients with hypertriglyceridemia (TG ≥ 150 mg/dL).

A 58-year-old male was undergoing treatment for bronchial asthma. Cough was noted 2 months ago, and bilateral infiltrative shadows were seen on chest radiographs. Bronchoscopy showed increased eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, white moss in the airway epithelium, and eosinophil infiltration with erosions and ulcersin the pathological findings. The patient was diagnosed with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. He was treated withsteroids, which resulted in an improvement in his condition.