Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 2189-5961
Print ISSN : 1342-8675
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Volume 3, Issue 3
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Feature Articles: Phonetics of Interlanguage
Research Articles
  • Voicing in Onomatopoeia and the Markedness of [p]
    Akio NASU
    Article type: Article
    1999 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 52-66
    Published: December 30, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24467/onseikenkyu.3.3_52
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Japanese [p] is held to be a marked segment with characteristics different from those of other obstruents. In particular, it always appears in Yamato as a geminate consonant, and the occurrence of a single [p] is prohibited. On the other hand, onomatopoeia allows free occurrence of a single [p], as in "pari-pari," which leads to the common view that the grammar of onomatopoeia is different from that of Yamato with respect to [p]. However, a closer examination of the voicing patterns in onomatopoeia reveals that the above observation is not necessarily valid. This article attempts to demonstrate the markecness of [p] in onomatopoeia. It is specifically shown, on the basis of facts associated with voicing, that the occurrence of a single [p] is restricted even in onomatopoeia. It is then demonstrated that the seemingly peculiar occurrence of a single [p] and of voicing in onomatopoeia can be accounted for in a principled manner in the framework of Optimality Theory.
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  • Perception of Naturalness and Vowel Categories of Whispered Vowels
    Masahiro MATSUDA, Hiroki MORI, Hideki KASUYA
    Article type: Article
    1999 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 67-75
    Published: December 30, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24467/onseikenkyu.3.3_67
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The lower formant frequencies of whispered vowels are known to be slightly higher than those of modal vowels. This paper attempts to interpret this phenomenon acoustically, based on an electrical circuit model of the vocal tract. Perceived naturalness of whispered vowels is shown to be associated with bandwidth of the lower formant and spectral tilt resulting from loose acoustic coupling between supra- and sub-glottal systems through a small glottal chink. Perceptual significance of the frequency shift of the lower formant in whispered vowels is also studied. Perceptual experiments showed in that vowel boundaries between modal and whispered vowels were not changed in four of six subjects for the /o/-/a/ stimuli and in two of six for the /i/-/e/ stimuli. The results indicated that frequency shift of the lower formant in whispered vowels is not necessarily associated with the compensation for vowel boundary shifts.
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Reviews
  • [title in Japanese]
    Yo USAMI
    Article type: Article
    1999 Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages 76-79
    Published: December 30, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24467/onseikenkyu.3.3_76
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This book is an introduction to speech science attempting to cover the entire processes of human communication made by sound. Five authors, who have various backgrounds in areas such as linguistics, physiology, engineering, and computer science, introduce and explain the latest information from their viewpoints. The contents of this book are: 1) phonetics, 2) phonology, 3) biological foundation on speech production and perception by human beings, 4) speech analysis and speech synthesis using machines, and 5) speech recognition using machines.
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Congress Report: 14th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences
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