The purpose of this study was to follow-up physical functions in individuals in a low-cost nursing home and to compare changes in physical functions between individuals with and without certification for long-term care and/or support. We evaluated 28 older adults(aged 77.9 ± 7.3 years)who participated in physical function examinations at baseline and after 5 years. The subjects were divided into independent, newly certified, and long-term care groups based on certification during the follow-up period. Height, weight, and seven basic physical functions were measured by performing tests, such as the 30-s chair stand, 10-m walking time(normal speed), and functional reach tests. All variables obtained were analyzed with a repeated two-way analysis of variance(group × time).
Significant time effects were observed in 30-s chair stand and 10-m walking time tests(P<0.05). A significant interaction was observed in functional reach(P=0.034). Functional reach was significantly decreased in the long-term care group(P=0.022). Additionally, a significant weight loss was observed in the long-term care group(P=0.022).
To support older adults living in nursing home, development of a comprehensive program is required that includes nutritional management to prevent body weight loss and interventions for maintenance of basic physical fitness, which is the basis of their daily life.
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