It has been discussed from various perspectives why voter turnout of older generation is higher than that of other generations. In this article, using the data of 1,474 respondents obtained from mail survey for 4,000 adult males and females randomly sampled, I attempted to explain the generational difference of voter turnout focusing on the reasons of going to elections. I classified the reasons for going to elections into three types of ideal reason, target-oriented reason, other-oriented reason. The results were as follows. The voting will is not related to gender, regional characteristics, socio-economic status and political consciousness, but to reasons of ideal reason and target-oriented reason which are directly related to the voter's perception about idea and significance of popular election system under the democratic political system, and its tendency is stronger in older generation than in young or middle generations. It can be said that these results suggest that higher voter turnout of older generation is a reflection of generational difference in perception about idea and significance of popular election system.

In this study, the notion that self-esteem mediates social support and attitude toward death was examined. The Attitude Toward Death Scale for Adults, which was developed by Tange et al. and comprises five factors, was employed to measure attitude toward death. The sample comprised elderly people over 65 years of age who lived in continuing care retirement communities. Of the 265 questionnaires that were distributed to the elderly in these communities, valid responses were obtained from 54. Subsequently, mediation analysis was employed to analyze the data.

The findings revealed that although self-esteem was related to social support and one of the Attitude Toward Death Scale for Adults － “meaning of death for life,” the mediation effect of self-esteem was not significant. Social support promoted the positive aspects of death, but self-esteem had no effect. It was suggested that the influence of the characteristics of the target sample, the possibility of other mediation factors and the direction of social support needs to be considered.

Purpose: To clarify the influence of care receivers’ vitality and nursing care situations on primary caregivers’ burden of care.

Method: 54 care receivers and their 54 primary caregivers, using at home rehabilitation services from one company in Tokyo and one in Kanagawa, were interviewed using a questionnaire at the subject’s home. In multiple regression analysis, the Japanese version of the Zarit burden interview（J-ZBI）was a dependent variable; the primary caregiver age and sex, the simplified WHO-Five Well-being Index Japanese version（S-WHO-5-J）, the 5-items Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form（GDS-SF）were adjustment variables; length of care period, the numbers of medication used by the care receiver, Vitality Index, average daily hours of care were independent variables.

Results: The primary caregiver version of J-ZBI was influenced by the primary caregivers’ age（β=0.212）, S-WHO-5-J（β=-0.412）, length of care period（β=0.272）, the care receivers’ Vitality Index（β=-0.410）. The number of medications and average daily hours of care were excluded.

Conclusion: We were suggested that the decline in vitality for living of the care receivers affected the sense of care burden of the primary caregivers.

The present study qualitatively extracted factors associated with not participating in long-term care prevention programs among older adults with high-risk of taking long-term care in a rural area. An open-ended, semi-structured interview was conducted with each of 25 older adults who had never participated in the long-term care prevention program, containing the following the question: What barriers do you feel to participate in long-term care prevention programs? Five categories in ecological models were referred to extract comprehensive factors of barriers to participate programs. Ecological model is a framework of multilevel variables which influence behaviors, such as sociodemographic, physical, psychological, behavioral, social and environment factors. The KJ method was used for qualitative analysis of the responses. As results, 15 categories and 32 subcategories were identified and categorized into sociodemographic, psychological, behavioral and social and built environmental factors. In addition to bodily pain, activity restriction, and low motivation which were similar results to previous studies, many factors associated with group norms and self-help group called “Yusanko” in local community were extracted. Taking consideration into the barriers identified in the present study, especially, promoting effective use of the exiting local groups and group norm, would be beneficial to develop the effective the long-term care prevention programs in the rural area.

Levels of domain-specific satisfaction with Silver Human Resource Centers（SHRCs）and related factors were investigated among members of SHRCs. A survey was conducted with all members of four SHRCs located in Osaka（N = 1,226）. They were asked to rate their level of satisfaction with the SHRC in five domains: maintaining health, obtaining ikigai, supporting household income, interacting with friends, and contributing to the region. Participants responded to the questions by selecting one of four response choices “very satisfied”, somewhat satisfied”, “somewhat unsatisfied”, and very unsatisfied”. We compared levels of satisfaction in each domain and factors related to satisfaction with SHRC in each domain. Related factors included age, job tenure at the SHRC, motivation to participate in the SHRC, self-rated health, activities other than SHRC, and the monthly average earning at the SHRC. Results indicated that the percentage of respondents that rated “very satisfied” or “somehow satisfied” were 50% ～ 70% for all domains. However, levels of satisfaction were higher for maintaining health and obtaining ikigai than for the other domains. Moreover, factors related to the satisfaction with SHRCs differed between domains. Also, there were gender differences in factors related to satisfaction with SHRC in each domain.