Background: Cervical spine infectious diseases such as pyogenic spondylitis and epidural abscess can be fatal if diagnosis is delayed; however, it is difficult to distinguish them from non-infectious inflammatory diseases, especially from pseudogout. This study aim to identify clinical indicator facilitate the swift diagnosis of pseudogout.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with cervical spine infectious diseases and cervical spine non-infectious inflammatory diseases between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2020, at Shimane Central Hospital were included. Data on patient’s characteristics, vital signs, physical examination findings, underlying diseases, laboratory tests, medication history, lifestyle history, and imaging tests were extracted from the integrated information system; multivariate analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and logistic analysis.
Results: The study included 265 participants; of them, 147 (56%) were male, the mean age was 73±16 years, and 84 (32%) had infectious diseases. In the univariate analysis, infectious diseases were prevalent in male, younger patients, and those with a history of alcohol consumption, patients with smoking history, patients with paralysis, patients who experienced numbness, and patients who used psychotropic medication. Dyslipidemia was potentially associated with non-infectious diseases. In the multivariate analysis of infectious diseases, the odds ratios were higher for paralysis (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 5.5 [2.4–12.5]) and psychotropic medication use (3.2 [1.4–7.2]) and lower for older age (0.9 [0.9–0.95]) and dyslipidemia (0.2 [0.1–0.6]).
Conclusion: Paralysis, psychotropic medication use, age, and dyslipidemia are important factors in differentiating cervical spine infectious diseases.
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