A rare peristediid fish, Heminodus philippinus Smith, 1917, is redescribed on the basis of the holotype and 25 additional specimens collected from the eastern Indian Ocean off Java and Sumatra in Indonesia. Our examination has revealed that H. japonicus Kamohara, 1952, described from Japan, is a junior synonym of H. philippinus.

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Two new species of eelpouts of the genus Lycenchelys Gill, 1884 are described from the southwestern Pacific Ocean, bringing the number of zoarcid species in the region to 11. Lycenchelys novaezealandiae sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners mainly by its high vertebral and unpaired finray counts, position of the dorsal fin origin, short nostril tube, relatively low number of scales above the anus, and pigment pattern. Lycenchelys polyodon sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners mainly by possessing the greatest number of palatal teeth in the genus, a short nostril tube, a relatively long head, and the greatest number of scales above the anus of any species of Lycenchelys in the region. A key to all 11 species of eelpouts in the southwestern Pacific is provided.

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A single specimen of the rare moray Enchelycore kamara Bohlke and Bohlke, 1980 was collected from a shallow coral reef at Amami-oshima Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. The species had been known previously from only six specimens collected from the Line Islands and Palau, and the present specimen thus represents the first record of the species from Japanese waters. A brief account of the morphology of the Japanese specimen is provided, as well as a photograph showing its color freshly after collection.

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Three species of the leaf-mining agromyzids, Melanagromyza floris Spencer, 1963, Liriomyza marginalis (Malloch, 1913) and Phytoliriomyza pilosella Spencer, 1973, are recorded newly from the Galapagos Islands. Important characters of the male genitalia are noted for the three species. A key to all five Galapagos species of the Agromyzidae is given.

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The reduviid genus Empicoris Wolff, 1811 is recorded from Indonesia for the first time, based on the four known species, E. discalis McAtee and Malloch, 1926, E. minutus Usinger, 1946, E. rubromaculatus (Blackburn, 1889), and E. tesselatoides Wygodzinsky and Usinger, 1960, and one new species, E. eburneus Ishikawa and Okajima, sp. nov. The new species is recognized by having the posterior pronotal lobe whitish to pale yellow with a large tubercle posteromedially, the lateral carina of the pronotum well developed and bent at one-third of the way from its anterior end, the scutellar spine long and bent in the middle, the profemur pale yellow with five brownish annulations, and other characters.

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A pulvinariine soft scale, Pulvinaria fioccifera (Westwood, 1870), is redescribed and illustrated based on microscopic examination of the morphology of several adult female specimens of the type series. These syntypic specimens exhibit a different distribution of tubular ducts than that presented in several previous taxonomic accounts of P. fioccifera based on other material.

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