In the studies of biological effects of Red Cross Transfer Factor (RCTF), we have elucidated that the RCTF inhibited the blastic transformation of lymphocytes in vitro. It was considered that the inhibiting effect of the RCTF may be tissue-specific, but not species-spcific activity, such as Chalone. In this report we show the Chalone-like characteristics of RCTF.
The RCTF was produced for clinical use, as a Transfer Factor, in the Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center by the method of Lawrence, et al. One vial of the RCTF powder was dissolved with the culture medium and the RCTF solution was added to the culture plates. By adding with the RCTF, the ³H-thymidine and ³H-leucine uptakes of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes and mouse spleen cells were markedly inhibited. The RCTF inhibited also the proliferations of Molt cells, K562 cells and Raji cells in cultures. Especially, the proliferation of Molt cells was strikingly suppressed by the RCTF. Whereas, the RCTF enhanced the proliferations of BHK cells, F1 cells, KB cells and Hela cells in cultures. After the incubation of human lymphocytes with the RCTF, the cytotoxic effect of the RCTF was tested by trypan blue exclusion method. Cytotoxic effect on human lymphocytes was not observed in incubation with 24 hours, but time dependent cell death was recognized in incubation at 37°C after 48 hours.
It is considered that the inhibiting effect of the RCTF may be tissue-specific, but not species-specific activity, such as Chalone. Chalone was defined by Bullough, as a tissue-specific, but not species-specific inhibitor of mitosis. It is recognized that lymphoid Chalone which is extractd from lymphocytes, inhibits lymphocyte DNA synthesis. Lymphoid Chalones have been already used clinically for treatment of leukemia. Although we have not yet prepared Chalone, we think that the RCTF may be very similar to lymphocyte Chalone. When we use the RCTF clinically, we must study the possibility that the RCTF may affect as a inhibitor of mitosis such as lymphoid Chalone.

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マウスのトランスクターの分離・精製とその諸性質について調べた。ヒツジ赤血球またはメチル化ウシ血清アルブミンで感作されたマウスの脾細胞を破砕し,透析性のトランスファクター(TFd)を調製した。1×10⁷個以上の脾細胞に相当するTFdの移入により,遅延型アレルギー反応の受身伝達が可能であつた。しかし,その程度は感作脾細胞の移入によつてみられるものより弱かつた。
Sephadex G-25を用いたゲル〓過によりTFdは5分画(Fr1∼Fr5)に分かれ,第3番目のピークであるFr3にもつとも強い活性が認められた。さらに,PEI-セルロースを用いた薄層クロマトグラフィーにより,TFdには少なくとも2種の成分が含まれていた。
TFdに含まれる活性成分の分子量は3,500ダルトン以下であり,nuclease P₁処理により部分的に失活し,90C, 15分間の熱処理によつて完全に失活した。しかし,DNase, RNaseおよびprotease処理により失活しなかつた。

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This paper takes advantage of a 3D field topology analysis for automating transfer function design aiming at volume data mining. The conventional Reeb graph-based approach to describe the topological features of 3D surfaces is extended to capture the topological skeleton of a volumetric field. Based on the analysis results, which are represented in the form of hyper Reeb graph, we propose two principles to design appropriate color/opacity transfer functions for direct volume rendering. Feasibility study of the present methodology is performed with a large scale 4D simulated dataset from atomic collision research. In analyzing the dynamic volume data, it turned out to be effective to use transfer functions designed appropriately at each time step. The basic idea of another approach with a higher order hyper Reeb graph to dynamic volume data mining is also discussed.

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小児B型慢性肝炎9例に, トランスクター (T. F.) を投与し, HBe抗原系の変化を指標として, その臨床効果を検討した.T.E投与6か月後のHBe抗原陰性化率は2/8 (25%), 同じく1年後は4/7 (57%) であった. HBe抗原が陰性化した例は, すべて血清GPTは正常化した. T. F. の副作用は見られなかった. T. F. 投与後, 高率にHBe抗原の陰性化が認められたが, 同疾患の自然経過と比較し, その効果を明らかにすることは出来なかった.

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transfer factor(ヒト白血球可透析性物質)の, 培養BHK細胞の増殖に及ぼす効果をみた.実験に用いたtransfer factor(TF)はLawrenceらの方法によって, 臨床用として日赤中央血液センターで作製されたもので, 1vialのTF powderをメディウム(Eagle MEM+5%fetal calf serum)の2mlに溶解し, これを0.5U/mlとし, その一部を用いた.BHK細胞(BHK/21, Flow社)をメディウムで5×10^4/mlに調整し, その100μlをマイクロプレートにまき, これにTFを最終濃度0.0125-0.25U/mlになるように加え, 37℃, 5%CO_2室にて3日間培養し, 細胞の増殖の程度をみた.TFを添加すると, BHK細胞の増殖は著明となり, 0.025-0.05U/mlのTF濃度でその増殖促進効果は最大となった.同様の効果は, FL細胞(Amnion, Flow社)についても認められた.TFのLot.No.によるバラツキはなかった.細胞増殖促進効果はTFの免疫学的な活性と関連あるようにはみえないが, 上記の細胞増殖を促進する機序について今後検討していきたい.

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Wiskott-Aldrich症候群は易感染性・湿疹・血小板減少を3主徴とし,伴性劣性の遺伝型式をとる原発性免疫不全症候群である.本症候群の免疫異常としては,血清IgMの減少,抗体産生能の異常,特異抗原に対するリンパ球の幼若化現象やMIF産生能の低下があげられる.一部の症例では好中球機能とくに遊走能の低下が報告されている.
著者らは,生後1ヵ月の男児の本症候群患児にtransfer factor (TF)を投与することにより臨床症状の改善とともに好中球機能の回復がみられたので報告する.
患児は生後3日に血便で発症し, 25日目に下痢・湿疹・出血斑で入院した.入院時血小板数3.5万/mm³,血清IgM48mg/dl,抗体産生能の低下をみた.好中球のchemotaxisは遊走刺激物質としてFMLPあるいはザイモザン活性化血清(ZAS)のいずれによっても低下していた.貪食能は正常であり,スーパーオキサイドの産生はサイトカラシンDでは正常であるが, FMLPでは中等度の減少がみられた.
本患児に北海道赤十字血液センターから提供されたTFを生後2ヵ月から毎週1単位ずつ皮下に注射したところ, 4週前後から臨床症状の改善がみられた. 10週後の好中球chemotaxisの検査では,投与前の1.3mm (正常2.3-2.9mm)から2.8mmと正常化した. TFの投与間隔を2, 3, 4週と長くするに従ってchemotaxisは減少傾向をみたが, 4週間隔にしてもTF投与前よりもchemotaxisは有意に改善傾向がみられ,易感染性も軽減した.

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In volume data exploration, it is necessary to visualize the volume data in conjunction with a pseudocolor display, and to change a transfer function based on the purpose of the observation. This paper proposes a fast volume rendering method when a transfer function undergo change. The proposed method calculates a histogram of volume data along a cast ray, and the histogram is wavelet-transformed in a pre-process. The rendered image for an arbitrary transfer function is generated by multiplying a series of coefficients of basis functions, after the specified transfer function is also wavelet-transformed. We also propose a method for displaying iso-surfaces by making use of a wavelet transformation. Several examples of the volume data visualization demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method for observing unknown volume data.

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Most of the reported cases of atypical mycobacteriosis are pulmonary narl discase, and generalized disseminated cases are very rare. We now report one case of generalized disseminated atypical mycobacteriosis caused by M. avium complex.
The patient was fernale of 49years of age. Her symptoms were general fatigue, lumbago, slight fever, anemia and liver dysfunction. Her blood sedimentation rate and CRP were abnormaly high. Judging from multiple osteal dissolution shown on her chest X-ray and chest CT film, and multiple accumulation in her osteal scintigraphic film, the case was diagnosed as osteal metastasis of malignant tumor on the beginning. The fever was considered to be caused by the tumor.
Antibiotics were given with no clinical result. Then predonisolone was administered, and was alleviated fever.
By culturing osteal tissue, M. avium complex was isolated, which led to a diagnosis of generalized disseminated atypical mycobacteriosis. Predonisolone was proved to be effective to improve general conditions.
Very low incidence of this type of disease makes diagnosis of the disease very difficult, and the report of this case isexpected to contribute to the early diagnosis of the disease.

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小児の不明熱患者96名を対象に, Toxicolor test (T-test) とEndospecy test (E-test) の臨床的有用性を検討した. T-testはグラム陰性桿菌由来のendotoxnと真菌由来のβ-D-glucanの和を, E-testはendotoxnのみを測定する. T-testとE-testの差 (T-E>10 pg/ml) から真菌感染を疑われた15例中, 培養や病理検査では深在性真菌感染が3例 (T-E=117.7-217.8 pg/ml), 表在性真菌感染が4例 (T-E=23.8-31.7pg/ml) 見つかった. E-test (E>3 pg/ml) からグラム陰性桿菌感染が疑われた38例中6例 (E=18.7-96.9pg/ml) からしか桿菌が検出されなかったが, 残りの32例のE・test値との問に有意差はなく, 治療経過等から見て感染があった可能性が高かった.またガンマグロブリン, グリセオール, トランスクター, インターフェロンでT-testが偽陽性となることがわかった.上記薬剤による偽陽性に注意すれば, T-testとE-testは真菌とグラム陰性桿菌感染の疑診に有用な検査法であった.

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The dialyzable leukocyte extracts (DLE) may have some effects in vivo, however, the effects of the DLE on lymphocytes were poorly understood, because the crude type of the DLE inhibits the lymphocyte blastformation in vitro. It has not been elucidated whether a substance involved in the DLE may enhance the blastformation or not. In this study, we measured intra-cellular ATP levels of lymphocytes after treating with the DLE or DLE fractions, and found that a fraction of the DLE increased the ATP levels of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes. In this fraction, inosine was involved. Inosine increased the ATP levels of lymphocytes and enhanced the blastformation. It is considered that when DLE show some effects on lymphocytes, inosine involved in the DLE may show important effects.

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The patient, a 63 year old female, was admitted to a nearby hospital with acute fever and severe cough.Her chest X-ray showed a solid shadow, indicating a foreign body in the right intermedius bronchus and a pneumonia shadow in the right lower lung field (Fig.1). The foreign body-which was proven to be her denture bridge-was removed, and the fever subsided.The patient has been ill and unconcious for 10 years following meningitis and cerebral atrophy.Therefore it is not known when the denture bridge was swallowed into the bronchus.But it is thought that the foreign body had been lodged there for at least 4 years.After removal of the foreign body, the pneumonia shadow on the chest X-ray film was much improved, but sputum examination showed frequent expectoration of acid-fast bacilli.The acid-fast bacilli were identified as Mycobacterium scrofulaceum using the Atypical Mycobacterium Identification Kit (Kyokuto, Co., Tokyo, Japan) as shown in Table 3.Anti-tuberculous agents including SM, INH, and RFP, were administered.
The patient had no history of previous tuberculous infection.The chest X-ray films showed no abnormal foci indicative of tuberculosis.The tomogram showed bronchiectatic changes in the right lower bronchus (Fig.3). In this case, it is suspected that 1) a foreign body-the denture bridge-caused bronchiectasis of the right lower bronchus and then 2) atypical mycobacterial infection ocurred at this spot.Pulmonary. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum infection is rare (0.7% of total atypical mycobacterial infections) in Japan.

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柔軟仕上げ剤は粗硬になった繊維製品に適用して，なめらかさと柔軟性を回復する目的で使用される。界面活性剤型柔軟仕上げ剤の主成分としては，長鎖ジアルキルカチオン界面活性剤（ジオクタデシルジメチルアンンモニウムクロリド；DODAC）が多く用いられている。DODACの柔軟性発現について，電子顕微鏡にて形態観察を行ったところ，ベシクルと呼ばれる小胞体が水中に分散しており，これが繊維表面に吸着することがわかった。従前はDODACが単分子層で繊維表面に吸着して機能を発現する説が有力だったが，本稿ではこの説の矛盾点を指摘し，走査型プローブ顕微鏡観察等の結果から，繊維表面に吸着したDODACのベシクルは乾燥によって潰れ，円盤状薄膜を形成しこれが柔軟機能を発現するモデルを新たに提案した。

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