地盤内水分がコンクリート壁体を通じて室空気へ移動することによって、室空気が冬期に高湿化し、窓面 が生じている無人の半地下型の住戸を対象として、地盤内水分の影響を考慮した熱水分移動の計算モデルを 用いて、冬期の換気促進、地下外壁の内断湿が対象室の湿度に及ぼす影響を示した。11 月から 2 月まで換気回数 を 1.0（回/h）に増すと、対象室の冬期の窓面は生じない。また、地下外壁の内断湿を行うことによって、地 盤から室空気への水分の移動を遮断し、対象室の冬期の相対湿度を 20%低下させることができる。換気回数 1.0（回 /h）の室でこの対策を行った場合にも、壁表面の夏型のリスクの増加は許容でき、なおかつ壁表面の夏型結 露のリスクの増加は許容範囲内であることが確認された。

抄録全体を表示

本研究では、窓周辺での冬型およびカビの発生が確認された集合住宅（RC造）の、半地下状の一住戸を対 象とした温湿度の実測を行った。対象住戸は無人であり、人為的な水分発生が生じないが、冬期に室内で湿度 が外気より高く、地盤に近い室ほど湿度が高い傾向があった。地盤と接している壁体からの放湿が原因と思わ れるが、からの吸湿分の蓄積か地盤からの透湿のいずれなの影響が大きいのかが明らかでないため、地盤との 接触面積が大きい一室を対象として、地盤の熱容量および壁体の熱湿気容量を考慮した室温湿度の解析を行っ た。地盤と対象室を完全に断湿した解析で実測値を再現できず、地盤から室空気への透湿を考慮した解析で実 測値を再現できた。よって、地盤内の水分の室空気への移動が、冬期の高湿度環境やの原因であることが 示された。

抄録全体を表示

いもち病発生予察システムを開発するために微気象観測装置の計の試作を行なった。試作したを観測するもので, 従来使用していた計との整合性はあり代替することが可能であった。重量式計との整合性はなく代替することは困難であった。すでに確立された予測基準や予察システムを使用する場合は計の種類に注意する必要がある。

抄録全体を表示

 Recently, there are a lot of buildings which have glass curtain walls from the design point of view. However, condensation often occurs on the spandrels of glass curtain walls in winter. The aim of this study is to establish measures to prevent condensation on the spandrels of glass curtain walls in commercial buildings.
 The authors' previous study shows the basic concepts to prevent condensation by conducting full-scale experiments for glass curtain walls (T. Gondo, 2011).
 However, in some cases there are differences between experiments and actual conditions in real buildings for example because of the influences of moisture evaporated from the calcium silicate board with high water content in the construction phase and the pressure difference between interior and exterior that occurs due to the temperature difference in winter.
 In this study, case studies are conducted using simulations to clarity the countermeasures to prevent condensation on the spandrels of glass curtain walls both in the construction and operational phases. The results of the study are summarized as follows.
 The conclusions from 1) to 4) are related to the operational phase and those from 5) to 9) are related to the construction phase.
 1) In the standard condition, condensation occurs on the spandrels of glass curtain walls regardless of orientation and floor height. Especially, the amount of condensation is a lot for the cases for the north and with middle and high floor heights.
 2) It is possible to reduce the amount of condensation by increasing the airtightness of the board, e.g., by installing joint gaskets and sealing tapes in the spandrels. However, condensation occurs on the glass of the spandrels due to the influence of moisture desorbed from and transmitted through the calcium silicate board.
 3) It is possible to prevent condensation on the spandrel glass by increasing the airtightness by gaskets and exhausting the moisture from the calcium silicate board by the installation of 4 ventilation openings of 6mm x 60mm at both the upper and lower parts.
 4) The installation of double glazing for the spandrel glass almost prevents condensation. However, condensation can still occur for the cases for the north and with high floor height.
 5) In the cases under construction where the gaskets are installed for the board of the spandrel, condensation temporarily occurs due to the influence of moisture desorbed from the calcium silicate board regardless of orientation and floor height.
 6) The amount of condensation tends to be large for the orientations where sunlight hits the board because the amount of desorbed moisture increases due to the heat of sunlight. In contrast, the amount of condensation is small for the north although condensation is generated for a long period.
 7) It is possible to prevent condensation on the spandrel glass by exhausting the moisture from the calcium silicate board by the installation of 4 ventilation openings at both the upper and lower parts. The installation of the aluminum board, the calcium silicate board with low water content and double glazing are also effective.
 8) The amount of condensation of the spandrel glasses is related to the insulation material behind the calcium silicate board and the paint color of the board.
 9) Since condensation on the spandrel glass under construction is often temporary, it can be a countermeasure to wait until condensation disappears.

抄録全体を表示