The purpose of this study is to clarify advantages and indispensable conditions for school-age childcare centers which use private houses as the base of children's daily life after school. Hearing and observation serveys were carried out. The main results are as follows;
1) Indispensable conditions: (1) Children can use neighboring areas for school-age activities. (2) Children can play how and what they went, to some degree. (3) Children are allowed to come and go from the facility. 2) Requirements for the base of children's daily life after school: (1) Existence of play areas and surrounding resources. (2) Areas and resources to play near the school-age childcare center. (3) The appropriate amount of staffing to properly oversee the children under their care. 3) Advantages: (1) Getting life experience by utilizing surrounding resources. (2) Interaction with other children and adults. (3) Vitalizing community by children's utilizing local areas.

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 Sakaide Artificial Ground in Sakaide, Kagawa prefecture (built 1963-1978) is a known example of the combined applications of Modernism and Metabolism in post-war Japanese Architecture. It was developed as a high-density complex for commercial use and public housing. The ground floor is for retail spaces, theaters, restaurants and parking and the second level artificial ground was built for public housing. At present, the structures are partially deteriorating, outdated, and are used by a community composed of aging residents. The pedestrian traffic and circulation within the area is affected by the lack of elevators, narrow paths, and steep stairs. While Sakaide Artificial Ground was a frontier development during the post-war era, its design is no longer relevant with its present use and is expected to hugely affect the living situation of the residents. For example, on the second-level artificial ground, the privacy of the residents are noticeably different from public housings that are built on natural ground. Residents in Sakaide Artificial Ground use the public area like they own the open spaces privately. This paper aims to clarify the influence of the interaction of residents on the community formation of Sakaide Artificial Ground, focusing on how to use the public area of public housing.
 The measures devised to obtain data are: (1) surveys to investigate the occupation and utilization of the public areas that are affected by the residents' perception of personal space, (2) the time sampling procedure to record behaviors of residents in relation to time-patterns, (3) behavior mapping to investigate the nature of activity, and (4) the last one, interviews, to investigate the perception of the residents.
 In conclusion, results of the study show positive actions by residents' autonomy in the use the public area of public housing. For instance, residents voluntarily encouraged the use of the public area, and this activity contributes to the formation of the community of Sakaide Artificial Ground.

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【目的】 静岡県に伝承されてきた間食や行事食に関する家庭料理の中から、次世代に伝え継ぎたいおやつのあり方や特徴について考える。
【方法】「次世代に伝え継ぐ日本の家庭料理」の調査ガイドラインに基づき、静岡県東部（沼津市、富士宮市、伊東市）、中部（静岡市、焼津市、藤枝市）および西部（袋井市、浜松市）の各地域において居住歴が30～81年の男女61人を対象に聞き書き調査を実施した。
【結果】昭和35～45年頃の食料事情と聞き書き証言を踏まえると、家庭では「おやつ」の習慣は定着していなかったと解釈される。日常食として、さつまいもや小麦（粉）の料理が静岡県全域にあり、ときには間食に用いられていた。その他、魚介 (イカ嘴、イワシ等の稚魚、貝類)、寒天、小豆、落花生、雑穀（キビ、ソバ）、種実類（トチ）等が間食になることがあった。炒ったソバやアズキを石臼で挽いた「たてこ」や、複数の穀類と豆を組み合わせた「とじくり」は西部特有である。もち米（餅）・うるち米（団子）の菓子は、正月や五節句、仏事用で、柏餅に材料の地域差があり、大福の形状や名称に変形が見られた。屋外の遊びの場面で、子どものおやつに通じる食事があり、川で採った小魚を河原の焚き火で加熱したり、山野で果実を摘んだり、では、薄いお好み焼き、おでんこんにゃく、アイスキャンデー等があった。中部では明治以降から製餡業が盛んで、現在も県内に製餡業者が多く存在する。以上のことから、静岡県では、おやつに適する様々な農水産物の保存技術や料理が様々な形で伝承されてきたことがわかる。これらの食材は、噛みごたえ等の食感、色や香りを味わうことができ、デンプンやカルシウム、食物繊維等の補給にも役立つ。

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This is a case introducing the revitalisation of a small city's shopping district in Oita Prefecture.
The owners were extremely concerned with the shopping district falling into grave danger due to business decline and were searching for a local pride-they found the “Showa Era” character. Now numerous shops and buildings are retained in their original Showa Era style.
In concrete terms, the concept is to maintain the style from the 4^th decade of the Showa Era on the outer facade, yet attempting to build customer contact with a liveable town through facilities such as volunteer guides etc. Furthermore, working together, the city, shopping district and the Chamber of Commerce actively participated in inviting and attracting famous toy collectors from major cities to set up business here.
This can be called a miracle because through the variety of activities undertaken, what was once a declining shopping district has now turned into one where many visitors can be seen.

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