本研究は、韓国漫画史における「海賊版日本漫画」を対象として、海賊版日本漫画が韓国の漫画文化に与えた影響と日本から韓国へいかに漫画表現方法が移植されたかを明らかにし、海賊版漫画の存在にそのような文脈を与えることで漫画分野における著作権の在り方に新たな視点を提示することを最終的目的としている。ここで本研究が対象とする「海賊版日本漫画」の定義とは、著作権法に基づきながら、韓国初の海賊版日本漫画が出版された1952年から現在まで、日本漫画を無断で模倣・模作・翻案・複製し、韓国で出版された漫画とインターネットを通じて流通されているスキャン漫画を全て包括する。その上で、不法無断複製物の「海賊版日本漫画」に対して、「文化伝達」という新たな側面からアプローチすることが従来の研究や報告と異なる本研究の特徴である。既に1930年代の日本漫画にW・ディズニーの「ミッキーマウス」などのキャラクターを無断使用した海賊版が存在し、「ミッキーの書式」を採用することで田河水泡の「のらくろ」などのキャラクターが成立したことが指摘されている。また、戦後、手塚治虫が「ジャングル大帝」などで画面構成やストーリーをディズニーの「バンビ」から借用したことは広く知られるところである。しかしそのことは日本漫画の独自性を否定するものでなく、むしろその成立の一つのきっかけに「海賊版」や現在なら知的所有権の侵害とみなされかねない模倣作品が重要な役割を果たしていたことをふまえた時、筆者は韓国漫画史が独自性を模索する中で「日本漫画海賊版」がいかに機能したかという視点が不可欠である、と考える。本論文では、そのための基礎的な作業として、歴史的な背景からの影響と関係性に着目し、日本統治時代から現在までの韓国漫画史について概観する。次に、韓国の漫画関連書籍、漫画関連機関の報告書、著作権関連書籍などの文献を参照すると共に、韓国の漫画家、漫画研究者、そして漫画関連機関を訪問し、資料収集と聞き取り調査を行うことで文献資料を補った。そこから韓国漫画は漫画史の半分以上の約60年間、統治時代の日本と軍部政権から統制されたことと、軍部政権の統制によって海賊版日本漫画の出版・氾濫現象が起きたことを確認した。そして、(1)日本統治時代から現在までの日本と韓国の歴史的関係、(2)韓国内の歴史的事件と漫画史の関係について概観し、海賊版日本漫画が登場した要因や歴史的変遷について考察した。考察の結果、35年間の日本統治時代は日本漫画を受容しやすい環境を形成し、韓国政府の日本大衆文化に対する排斥行為と軍部政権による漫画に対する弾圧は、日本漫画が海賊版として登場できる環境を作り出したことが明らかになった。さらにまた海賊版日本漫画の出版によって韓国漫画の出版産業が発展したことと漫画出版ブームを呼び起こしたこと、低級文化と認識された漫画を大衆文化へ転換させ、消費パターンを「借りて読む漫画」から「買って読む漫画」へ転換させたことなど、海賊版日本漫画が韓国漫画発展に与えた影響についても明らかとなった。

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Designing an attractive new service is a difficult task. Researchers have developed various tools that can help designers become more efficient in the field of the service design. In practice, however, de­signing an attractive service raises unforeseen problems that hinder progress in the project. Actual projects often become delayed or diverted. This paper introduces a case-study that reveals the true progression of a project in the early stage of service design. We adopt the ethnographic approach in observing a project for four months. We particularly focus on the causes of problems that cause delay and diversion of the design iteration. In addition, we develop a novel method and tool to support service design based on insights of the observation result by utilizing human-centered design process. Our tool allows a designer to iteratively design a service concept easily and quickly in the early stage of service design based on a storyboarding. Furthermore, this case study suggested the effectiveness of human-centered design process for developing a novel method to support service design.

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We evaluated a technique for protecting the copyright of digital data for 3-D printing. To embed copyright information, the inside of a 3-D printed object is constructed from fine domains that have different physical characteristics from those of the object's main body surrounding them, and to read out the embedded information, these fine domains inside the objects are detected using nondestructive inspections such as X-ray photography or thermography. In the evaluation, copyright information embedded inside the 3-D printed object was expressed using the depth of fine cavities inside the object, and X-ray photography were used for reading them out from the object. The test sample was a cuboid 46mm wide, 42mm long, and 20mm deep. The cavities were 2mm wide and 2mm long. The difference in the depths of the cavities appeared as a difference in the luminance in the X-ray photographs, and 21 levels of depth could be detected on the basis of the difference in luminance. These results indicate that under the conditions of the experiment, each cavity expressed 4 to 5bits of information with its depth. We demonstrated that the proposed technique had the possibility of embedding a sufficient volume of information for expressing copyright information by using the depths of cavities.

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Change in gait by footwear was investigated using a tactile sensor that measures displacement of the centroid and its moving velocity on the sole, and an equilateral-triangular force plate that measures the three orthogonal components of ground reaction force as well as plantar friction as the frictional coefficient between the flooring material and the sole. Gait pattern was demonstrably changed by footwear and was influenced by the kinematic constraint of the ankle joint and stiffness of the sole of the shoe. The time history of plantar friction displayed two peaks per step, synchronous with those of the vertical ground reaction force; this provides easy-to-understand information regarding the influence of footwear on gait pattern. In contrast, plantar friction between the two peaks was extremely low, approaching zero in places. This behavior can be explained by a sliding/rolling motion between the flooring material and the sole.

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本稿では，高校生がデザインの学習に取り組む際，地域と連動した探究型学習を行うことで，デザインへの理解がどの程度深まったかを明らかにすることを目的とする。地元企業と連携し企業のPRポスターを作成する題材において実践を行い，その教育的効果を確認した。生徒の活動の記録やワークシートを分析した結果，地域との対話や生徒間での情報共有等を含んだデザインの学習活動は，生徒の視野を広げると共にデザインへの意識変容へと繋がった。 一方で，指導を行う上での留意点等はまだ明確な体系化が出来ていない。育成する資質・能力観や評価の観点・指導方法をより洗練させ拡張性を持たせるためにも，実践的な継続研究を進めていく。

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Two dogs presented to the emergency service after accidental ingestion of afloqualone tablets, a muscle relaxant used for back pain in humans. Toxic effects of the drug in these dogs included vomiting, respiratory depression, seizures, ataxia, bradycardia, and hematuria. Treatment consisted of fluid diuresis, furosemide, and propofol. Flumazenil, a gamma-amino butyric acid antagonist, was administered intravenously; however, it was not effective in stopping the seizures in these dogs. Both dogs recovered with supportive treatment. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first documented report of afloqualone intoxication in dogs.

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The Sullivan deposit of British Columbia, Canada represents an ancient submarine hydrothermal system that formed a giant Pb-Zn-Ag massive sulfide deposit. Tourmaline is abundant in the deposit and acts as a good tracer that may reveal the nature of the original hydrothermal fluids and ore-forming processes, due to its refractory characteristics. Concentrations of Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, U and Th in tourmalinites from the Sullivan deposit and its general surrounds are analyzed using the ICP-MS technique. Although concentrations of these elements are highly variable, good correlations exist between Zr and Hf, Nb and Ta. Tourmalinites from the Sullivan hanging wall and shallow footwall near the massive sulfide orebody have generally higher Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta values than do deep footwall and regional tourmalinites. A significant U enrichment has been documented in the hanging wall and shallow footwall samples. It is proposed that the different concentrations and correlation patterns of these so-called immobile elements in the Sullivan hydrothermal system in fact reflect mobility of these elements influenced by different geochemical processes such as protolith control, hydrothermal leaching and mixing of seawater with rising hydrothermal fluids.

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This study aims to evaluate design department’s capabilities for servitization based on the "Servitization Maturity Model". To do so, first, we identified design processes that were performed by the design department. Then, we compared these design processes to capabilities proposed in the Servitization Maturity Model, and could associate design processes with 21 out of 46 capabilities required for servitization. Finally, based on the result, plans for improving processes were developed, and we created four new ones. Furthermore, we proposed a flow map that represents the relationship between design processes and capabilities for servitization, aiming to accumulate knowledge on design activities as well as to share them between the design and other departments.

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本研究では、「デザイン思考」と日本型イノベーションについて野中らが提唱する知識創造論の親和性に着目し、新たな価値を事業として構想・創造する人材（フロンティア人材）を育成する教育カリキュラムを開発・実施・評価した。具体的には、知識共創に適したマネジメントにより、１）イノベーション創出の軸となる受講生自らのアントレプレナーシップの形成、２）国内外の多様な人との協働を通じたイノベーション共創の方法論の習得、３）事業創出に密接に関わる知識および情報技術の習得、４）これらの学びを総動員したデザイン思考プロジェクトでの実践、を行った。教育効果について、事業創造人材診断指標（経済産業省）の推移により定量的に把握した。受講生は２年間のプログラムを通じて、事業創造人材診断指標の２フェーズ「発想を生み出す思考」「実行」いずれにおいても伸びが見られた。

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The overall goal of this paper is to cross-lingually analyze multilingual blogs collected with a topic keyword. The framework of collecting multilingual blogs with a topic keyword is designed as the blog feed retrieval procedure. In this paper, we take an approach of collecting blog feeds rather than blog posts, mainly because we regard the former as a larger information unit in the blogosphere and prefer it as the information source for cross-lingual blog analysis. In the blog feed retrieval procedure, we also regard Wikipedia as a large scale ontological knowledge base for conceptually indexing the blogosphere. The underlying motivation of employing Wikipedia is in linking a knowledge base of well known facts and relatively neutral opinions with rather raw, user generated media like blogs, which include less well known facts and much more radical opinions. In our framework, first, in order to collect candidates of blog feeds for a given query, we use existing Web search engine APIs, which return a ranked list of blog posts, given a topic keyword. Next, we re-rank the list of blog feeds according to the number of hits of the topic keyword as well as closely related terms extracted from the Wikipedia entry in each blog feed. We compare the proposed blog feed retrieval method to existing Web search engine APIs and achieve significant improvement. We then apply the proposed blog distillation framework to the task of cross-lingually analyzing multilingual blogs collected with a topic keyword. Here, we cross-lingually and cross-culturally compare less well known facts and opinions that are closely related to a given topic. Results of cross-lingual blog analysis support the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

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