We conducted elemental analysis on several kinds of excavated natural whetstones

Owari- enamel ware at the Owari Clan Upper Mansion Site using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The minor element concentrations of two types of excavated tuff are consistent with those used for polishing Owari-.

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 In July 2018, heavy rainfall in western Japan caused severe flood damage. Overflows

several levee breaches in tributaries occurred in the Nuta River basin, which flows in the eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture, the area suffered flood inundation. This study conducted on-site observations in the Funaki district, where flood damage was significant, investigated the behavior of flood water during flooding. Subsequently, we discussed flood flow characteristics the effect of upstream Fukutomi Mukunashi Dams from the obtained water-level data runoff analysis results. Horizontal two-dimensional simulations were used to show the influence of tree growth on the flood flow.

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Lots of chemicals are produced in chemical industry used everywhere as convenient indispensable materials in daily life industry. Moreover, many new chemicals are needed to produce competitive new goods such as new medicines, new dyestuffs, new agricultural chemicals others. Main chemicals used in industry have reached to more than 50,000 kinds. many workers are exposed to chemicals injured all over the world. To protect the workers in small workplaces against hazardous chemicals is one of the most important tasks of occupational health. n-Hexane, lead 1-bromopropane poisoning are shown as examples for health hazards preventive measures in small workplaces. Preventive measure such as TLV or OEL, Material Safety Data sheets, health check-up, comprehensive cooperation among employers, workers, researchers, industrial physicians administrative officers, information on toxicity are discussed.

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This report discusses certain kinds of pollution caused by chemical fertilizers. It also considers how these problems may be minimized or avoided by using compost instead of chemical fertilizers. Particular attention is devoted to fluorine contamination because this element, which is present in phosphatic fertilizers, is a health hazard. That is why the Swedish Parliament, on November 18, 1971, revoked the law allowing communities to fluoridate their drinking water. Fluorine is, among other things, a carcinogen. It is therefore important to minimize our total daily fluorine intake. A more extensive use of compost can help us do that because it has a very low fluorine content.

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タマネギカルスからの植物体再分化の過程を明らかにするために再分化過程を組織学的に観察した.再分化培地に置床したカルスから不定圧様の組織が形成され,それらから植物体が再分化した.その過程を組織学的に観察した結果,カルスから球状圧が形成された後,さらに茎頂部と幼根部が維管束で連絡された構造を持つ不定圧へと発連していく過程を明らかにできた.一方,再分化培地に置床したカルスから奇形のシュート様組織が観察された.組織学的に観察したところ,このような組織は器官形成に由来するものであると考えられたが,その後完全なシュートまたは植物体へとは発達しなかった.これらのことから,再分化した植物体は不定圧形成を経ていたことが示唆された.

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This art column is introducing Loop patterns applied to traditional

contemporary designs objects in Japan Asia. Loop patterns sometimes feature in Knot-Link patterns. The originally eternity, rebirth dynamics of a loop pattern attracts human mind then becomes happy-lucky symbol in religious worlds. Recently mysteriousness of loop or knot patterns are understood are played with the sprit of the patterns by some challengers. The applications of the loop patterns are not only decorations or ornaments for clothing or constructions, but also brain training or stretching tools for education welfare. At the last, it is mentioned that this loop pattern is very useful topic for understanding exchanging the world-wide cultures between the different countries.

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タマネギの懸濁培養細胞から植物体再分化を試みた. 50μM 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (4-FPA), 1μM N⁶ (2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP), 1g/lカゼイン加水分解物及び0.1Mショ糖を添加したMS脱分化培地に滅菌種子を播種した. 2ヶ月後, 誘導されたカルスをステンレスメッシュ (1mm) を用いて裏ごしし, それを10mM MESを加えたMS液体培地とともに三角フラスコに移し, 振とう培養した. 1-3回の継代培養後, ショ糖濃度を2倍にした培地で前処理培養したところ, 濃黄色でかつ小さな細胞塊 (DS型) 及び淡黄色でかつ大きな細胞塊 (LL型) が得られた. これらの細胞塊を1μM 2ipとしたMS再分化培地に移した結果, LL型細胞塊から高頻度で植物体が再分化した. また, 1-5μM 2ipの再分化培地への添加は植物体再分化率を向上させた. 順化させようとした再分化植物体の多くは鱗茎を形成し, それらの植物体のあいだには形態的変異は認められなかった.

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Onions (Allium cepa L.) accumulate fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs) as storage carbohydrates. FOSs exist in various chemical forms with different degrees of polymerization (DP)

chemical bonding states. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the precise FOS composition quantity of each type of FOS. The objective of this study was to analyze the varietal differences in FOS composition relative quantities among onion cultivars grown by spring-sown cultivation in Hirosaki City, Japan, using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system equipped with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). FOS compositions of a number of varieties, as determined by HPLC/ELSD, were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight -mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Sugar FOS analyses revealed distinct patterns of sugar FOS accumulation, which led to categorization of the tested varieties into three types: (1) those with a relatively high overall quantity of FOSs with a higher DP (DP3 to over DP9); (2) those containing mainly monosaccharides (fructose glucose), disaccharide (sucrose), low amounts of FOSs; (3) those with a carbohydrate content that was intermediate compared to that of the other two types. Measurements of enzyme activities suggested that varietal differences in FOS composition are the result of differences in enzyme activities associated with the FOS biosynthetic biodegradation pathways.

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This project attempted a procedural approach to depict the geometrical beauty of the ornate patterns found in traditional Japanese crafts. Kumiko (wooden lattice work) kiriko (cut-glass) were examined their patterns were procedurally described through a technique called the L-system, which was developed to simulate plant growth. This approach succeeded in describing the patterns that were faithful to traditional styles their growth. Finally, an animated short that maximized the beauty of the patterns was produced. Since the L-system approach can describe the various processes of pattern growth by modifying its rules, it is expected to have further applicability.

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High incidence of mottled teeth is present all over the regions centering around Kamimori villages of Aichi prefecture. Geologically, the above regions are of diluvial formation of soils carried by the river Kiso the river Shonai. The incidence of mottled teeth is considered by some workers to be probably due to the effect of the underground water coming from fluorine-containing are of the upper reaches of the river Kiso.
If this interpretation be right, there should be more regions of mottled teeh in the basin of the river Kiso. At several regions of Gifu prefecture which are opposite to village acrosss the river, we carried out examinations of drinking water for fluorine, phosphoric acid, Ca, pH, etc., as well as investigations into the incidence of mottled teeth dental caries, in order to gain knowlege on the factors responsible for the occurrence of mottled teeth. The main data obtained from the studies are given hereunder:
1) Of the Gifu prefectural side of the basin of the river Kiso, the incidence of mottled teeth in the 1st to 6th graders of primary schools of Maemiya village of Inaba-county that in the 4th to 6th graders of primary schools of Hashima city of Hashima county, was 3.9%, 39, 6%, respectively.
2) The enamel hypoplasia at the above places according to the classification of the Medical Affairs Bureau of Ministry of Welfare, shows the highest incidence in M₁, followed by M±, M₂, M₃, in that order, while B is quite negligible.
3) The incidence of the so-called mottled teeth in Maemiya village shows no difference from area, while the incidence in Hashima city differs from area to area, ranging from 26.0 to 54.1%.
4) Sex difference in the incidence of mottled teeth is not of statistical significance. The incidence according to primary-school grades declines in higher grades declines in higer graders at Maemiya village, but rises, on the contray, in Hashima city of Hashima city of Hashima county.
5) Our investigations indicate that so-called mottled teeth do not produce such immunization against dental caries as do mottled teeth due to fluorine.
6) Water examinations resulted in the detection of only a slight content of F; the Ca PO₄ levels as the PH of the water within the usual range.
The above studies point to that the enamel hypolasia in the regions in question is due to some other factor or factors than fluorine. Full clarification of the etiology requires further studies.

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タマネギ品種の品種識別並びに品種間の類似度を評価するために, タマネギ22品種を用いてRAPD分析を行った.RAPD分析に100種類のプライマーを供試したところ, 17種類で再現性のある多型バンドが得られた.17種類のプライマーで合計88本の増幅バンドが得られ, その内35本のバンドが多型を示した.数種類のプライマーから得られた多型バンドを組み合わせることにより22品種全てを識別することができた.類似度は, 0.836-0.979の範囲であり, 品種間の遺伝的距離が近いようであった.類似度に基づくデンドログラムでは, タマネギ22品種は大きく6群に分かれた.'スーパーハイゴールド'は他品種と遺伝的に離れていた.各群に含まれる品種の形態的および生態的特性並びに遺伝的背景には一定の傾向は見いだせなかった.一方, 培養細胞からの植物体再分化能が高い品種では欠失し, 低い品種では存在するRAPDマーカーOPD-03-850が得られた.

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