In an argon-discharge tube which is of the same structure as the fluorescent lamp but contains no mercury drop and has no fluorescent film, impurity gases are produced in the course of lighting. These gases were confirmed to be CO and CO₂ by the spectroscopic and mass-spectroscopic methods. They are considered to be liberated from the cathode material.
It is assumed from the above that the impurity gases which are apt to appear in the fluorescent lamp during lighting, are CO and CO₂ and that these gases are decomposed to carbon and oxygen and deposited on the wall, affecting the lumen maintenance of the fluorescent lamp.

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古来より日本では天然真珠が産出していた。マルコポーロは東方見聞録の中で日本の真珠について「この国は多量の真珠が産出する。ばら色をした円い大型の、とても美しい真珠である。ばら色の真珠の価格は、白色真珠に勝るとも劣らない」 *1 と表現している。今回はこのばら色と称された真珠とはどのようなものか、現在の状況から推定した。

日本に古来より生息し、天然真珠が採られていたと言われているアコヤガイは赤い色素を有していない。従って「ばら色」という表現は干渉色による赤色を発現しているテリの良い真珠を指していると考えられる。干渉色は構造から発現される色であり、真珠の場合の赤色の干渉色は厚さ約 0.33μm 程度の結晶層が積層された場合に発現するということが報告されている（小松ら；宝石学会誌，2014）。今回は電子顕微鏡を用いてピンク系の養殖アコヤ真珠の結晶層の観察を行い、これらを確認した。またテリに最も影響を与える結晶層の部位やその要因についても考察を行った。

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切り花の色の見え方は光環境によって変化する．我々は目視による色測定によって 6 種の異なる花色を持つバラ（白，赤，オレンジ，黄色，紫，赤紫）が生花店の光環境によってどのように変化するのかについて調査した．目視による色測定は国際照明委員会（CIE）の測色法を用いて 3 人の専門家によって行われた．6500 K（対照区），3500 K，2800 K の蛍光灯および 6500 K の LED ランプを実験に用いた．色の見え方はランプの種類やバラの花色によって変化した．対照区として用いた 6500 K の蛍光灯に比較して 2800 K の蛍光灯では白色のバラ以外のすべての花色のバラで知覚色が大きく変化した（ΔE > 10）．3500 K の植物育成用ランプでは紫色のバラの知覚色が大きく変化した（ΔE > 34）．6500 K の LED ランプを用いた場合に，すべての花色の ΔE の平均値が最も小さくなった．赤，オレンジ，黄色のバラでは 2800 K のランプに比較して 6500 K の LED ランプで見た目の色の違いが大きく，これは LED ランプのスペクトルが狭いことが原因であると考えられた．様々な花の本来の色を表現するためには，生花店の照明として自然光に近い白色蛍光灯を用いるのが適切である．

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In late years a study about the useful material production by the genetic recombination plant is prosperous in various quarters, and some development about the cultivation facility are performed, too. There is a soy bean in the one of the plant species to cultivate in such an facility. There is extremely much protein content in the crops, and the soy bean is regarded as as a host plant of the useful material production. In this study, I give environment condition suitable for the growth of the recombination soy bean and plan the construction of the closedown type plant production institution to cultivate uniformly and report it about the result that examined the environment condition in CFD before construction.

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The good looking of photography is important in the advertisement, especially, the healthy skin of a model. This research aimed to use the 20 color filters of pink, orange and brown tones to improve the color skin of the model. A tan skin model was taken photo through those color filters. Thirty subjects were asked to rate the healthy appearance of the model. The rate score was ranged from 0 (unhealthy) to 7 (healthy). The result showed that the photograph taken through pink tone color filter give healthier skin impression.

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A new antibiotic producing actinomyces belonging to the genus Planomonospora is described. Detailed description of its morphological and some of its biochemical characters are given. The antibiotic for which the name sporangiomycin is proposed can be produced successfully under submerged conditions. Sporangiomycin was found to belong to the depsipeptide or peptolide group of antibiotics, and is related to thiostrepton. The antibiotic is highly active in vitro against gram-positive bacteria, and protects mice from streptococcal and diplococcal infections.

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Euphausia superba is known as a main feed stuff of cetacean in the Antarctic Ocean. It belongs to the crustacean family and has a light and a body length of 40-50 mm. The geographic distribution of Euphausia superba is limited to more southern area than lat.50°S. where the sea water temperature is within-2 ?? 5°C.
The peculiarity of nutritive components ofEuphausia should be determined because it seems to be closely related to the growth of cetacean. With this in mind, the authors determined the contents of vitamin B₁₂and inorganic substance in E. superba comparing with those of other crustacea.
Results obtained were as follows:
1) Qualitative estimation of metals inEuphusia was made by general group separation, paperchromatography and polarography, and detected Ca, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P and S in Euphausia.
2) Quantitative determination of seven kinds of metals, Fe, P, Cu, Ca, Mg, K and Na was made for five kinds of crustacea. There was no appreciable difference in the metal contents among them (Table 2).
3) Vitamin B₁₂ in Euphausia wasdetermined by microbiological assay for 14 kinds of crustacea.The content of vitamin B₁₂ in Euphausia is relatively higher than that of other crustacea (Table 4).

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試験管内でヒメサユリの子球の生産を効果的にすすめるため, 試験管内で育成された子球のりん片を外植体として用い, それらを異なる培養温度 (15,20,25及び30°C) 及び日長 (0,8,16及び24時間), あるいは生長調整物質 (NAA及びBA) を種々の濃度で添加した培地で培養した. そして, 各条件下で培養したりん片の子球分化率, りん片当たりの子球数及び子球生体重を調査した.
培養温度はりん片の子球分化率, りん片当たりの子球数及び子球生体重のいずれにも影響し, 25°Cが子球の形成及び生長に最適であった.
明条件は子球の分化率及び子球形成を促進し, 特に24時間日長の連続光は著しい効果を示した. 暗条件では子球の形成は劣ったが, 形成された子球の生体重は最大であった.
0.05及び0.1mg/l NAAの添加は子球の形成及び生長を促進したが, 1.0mg/l以上の濃度では阻害的に作用した. NAAとともに添加したBAは, 0.0mg/l BAと1.0mg/l NAAを添加した区で形成された子球の生長を促進した以外はりん片の子球分化率及び子球形成数にほとんど効果がないことがわかった.

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Isoprothiolane (diisopropyl-1, 3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonate, IPT) is a compound originally developed as a systemic fungicide to control rice blast disease. VVe investigated the growth regulating effect of IPT on rice seedling, especially on root growth. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. When the germinated rice (cv. Nipponbare) seeds were induced on agar medium containing various concentrations of IPT at 25°C, it remarkably promoted the growth of seminal root dependent on the conc(tntration from 10^-6 to 10^-4M. IPT also promoted notably the growth of crown root, too, at 10^-5 and 10^-4M. On the other hand, the plant hcight and second leaiA sheath were inhibited by IPT at high concentrations above 10^-4M (Fig.2). 2. The promoting effct of seminal root growth by IPT shit-ted low concentration sides by reducing the incubation temperature in steps (20, 18 and 16°C). That is, 10^-6 and 10^-5M IPT promoted the seminal root growth without eflbctiveness for plant height at 16°C. We also observed that this compoLlnd hastened the elongation of crown roots (Figs. 3, 4). 3. The in vitro root-tip (1cm long) culture in modified Kawatas' liquid medium exhibited that IPT also promoted the elongation of excised seminalroot at 10^-6 and 10^-5M, and inhibited its clongation and secondary root development at high concentration above 10^-4M (Figs. 5, 6). The original part ofinoculated root-tip tissue cultured in the medium containing IPT remained to be white color with brown in control even after three weeks. This excised root part which was immersed in hydrochloric acid-phloroglucinol mixture fbr the detection of lignification faded compared with control one ( Figs. 6, 7). From these results, it is clear that IPT is directly associated with root metabolism and promotes its growth. IPT may take part in maintenance and buildup of root activity under low temperature in rice seedlings.

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Cultural and morphological characters of isolates belonging to an entomogenous Paecilomyces species commonly found in Japan were investigated and compared with the literature. This species has not been recorded in major monographs of this genus, but identified as Paecilomyces cateniannulatus Liang described in 1981 from China. Mycelia on insects and media were pure white, and sometimes produce loose synnemata up to 10 mm. Growth rate of the fungus is moderate. The reverse side of colonies on SDY or MEA media are colorless to light yellow. Phialides are flask shaped with a narrow neck, 3.0–16.1×1.3–3.2 μm, often forming a whorl. Conidia are oval to short cylindrical, 2.1– 4.6×1.3–2.4 μm, arranged in basipital chains. Conidial chains are often irregularly curved and sometimes form a loop. Early stage of the conidiogenous structure of this fungus resembles that of Beauveria, but is distinguished by formation of conidial chains.

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Albatrellus roseus sp. nov. is described from Swat, Pakistan, based on morphological and molecular data. Morphological descriptions and illustration for the new species and comparison with closely allied species are provided. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosomal DNA (nuc-rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and 28S loci are studied. This study represent the first record of the genus Albatrellus from Pakistan.

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Listeria monocytogenes was isolated in pure culture from the cerebrospinal fluid of a child with symptoms of meningitis, and the disease was diagnosed as Meningitis listeriosa. This case is believed to be the first case of human listeriosis in Japan.

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Lycoris属における切花用品種の育種を目的として, 不稔種L. incarnataと可稔種L. sanguinea, L. sprengeri, L. radiata var. pumilaおよびL. aureaとの種間交雑を行った.交雑胚を受粉後20-30日目に摘出し, 500 mg・liter^-1カゼイン加水分解物を添加した改変MS培地(Ma et al., 2001)で培養した.L. incarnataを母本とした4組合わせにおいて種間雑種を得たが, L. sanguinea × L. incarnataでは雑種個体を得ることができなかった.細胞学的研究により, 種間雑種個体はすべて三倍体であり, それらは母本であるL. incarnataの非還元配偶子(2n-egg)と父本の配偶子(n)との受精から形成されたものと推測された.この染色体観察に加えて, 種間雑種個体のアイソザイム分析と特性観察からも, 得られた種間雑種個体の雑種性が確認された.

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物体に人工のマークを加えることで，環境認識を容易にすることが出来る．しかし人間にとって、マークが目に見えることが望ましい．本研究では、フォトクロミック塗料で作られた目に見えないマークは開発し，このマークは食器の縁に塗布され，2つの色を使用することでバーコードマークとする．また、移動ロボットのナビゲーションのための目に見えないバーコードマークを開発した．

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