新型コロナウイルス感染症（以下、コロナ禍）が及ぼす社会的影響は、社会的弱者の若者にも影響を及 ぼしている。特に、精神疾患へ移行する可能性のある若者、すでに精神疾患を抱えながら一般就労を目指す若者にとって、コロナ禍に起因する労働環境の悪化（解雇・失業率の増加）により、働く場を失いさらに生活の場を失ってしまうことによる症状の悪化などが懸念される。 彼らの就労形態の中には、非正規雇用かつ寮付き派遣の仕事が多く、解雇によって住居も同時に失って しまうケースも起こっている。生活環境の悪化によりさらに精神症状が顕著になることも懸念され、早期介入の必要性からもコロナ禍の中で、どのように早期に支援体制を構築し地域ならびにチームで支えていくべきかの段階になっていると考える。 一方、若者のリカバリーのスピードや可能性においては、筆者の支援機関での事例からも期待するところでもあり、彼らのストレングスを活かした支援スキームを、コロナ禍によって失われつつあるあたりまえの生活を取り戻すための就労支援のあり方を、どのようにカスタマイズしていくか本稿で考察した。 今後の雇用情勢にもよるが、大都市圏の求人と地方での求人の傾向から、さらに感染のリスクを回避する上でも生活の場を一時的に地方へ移行し就労支援を行いながら、安心安全な生活の場を提供していくことからスタートし、段階的かつ包括的な支援スキームを構築していく。

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The new ultraminiature KMS tact

was developed by ITT Cannon

Switch

Products in Dole, France, specifically for the cellular phone market. This

switch

must perform at least 300,000 operations with two newtons nominal force and a good tactile feel.

A robust design effort was initiated using Dr. Taguchi's dynamic parameter design approach. An L18 orthogonal array was used to evaluate the control factors with respect to the signal factor (dome travel), the response (actuating force) and the noise factors (process & material variations and number of operational cycles). The numerical experiments were carried out by using computer simulations only.

The Signal-to-Noise ratio increased 48.7 db as a result of this optimization. The analysis and selection of the best system parameters confirmed the process estimates and resulted in a design with dramatically improved mechanical and reliability performance. KMS production sales are estimated at $ 30,000 K in 2001.

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2003年4月から2006年8月までに当院で3例に対しdouble operation（DSO）を行った．手術時年齢は平均38カ月（2～89カ月），手術時体重は平均10.7kg（4.6～16.1kg）で，診断はそれぞれDextrocardia（apicocaval juxtaposition), corrected TGA, pulmonary atresiaが2例で内1例はnon-confluent pulmonary artery（PA）であった．さらにEbstein's malformationを伴ったcorrected TGAが1例であった．3例中mild MRを1例に，severe TRをEbstein's malformationを合併する1例に認めた．姑息術はpulmonary atresiaを合併した1例にmodified BTSを，non-confluent PAを合併した症例には段階的に両側modified BTS後，central PA plastyおよびRV-PA shuntを施行した．根治術はDextrocardia, corrected TGA, PAの症例2例にSenning+Rastelliを，corrected TGA, Ebstein's malformation，に対してSenning+Jateneを施行した．同時手術として僧帽弁形成術を1例に，右房化右室縫縮術および三尖弁輪形成術を1例に行った．心房スイッチはSenning手術を行いsystemic venous chamber作製の際SVC，IVCの開口部で心房フラップをたるませて吻合し狭窄を回避する工夫をした．Pulmonary venous chamberの作製は補填物を用いず自己心房組織のみで行うことができた．平均手術時間606分，人工心肺時間318分，大動脈遮断時間151分，出血量166mlであった．術後経過は平均挿管日数5日，ICU滞在期間13日，入院期間58日であった．術後心機能は概ね良好であった．術後造影CTではSVC，IVCから右室への還流はスムースでPVOも認めなかった．また術後Holter心電図で有意な不整脈は認められなかった．右心房面積が小さいとされるApicocaval juxtapositionのDextrocardiaや乳幼児症例に対しても，SVC，IVCの狭窄を防ぐ工夫をすることでSenning手術が可能であった．

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A persistent current (PCS) in SMES requires not only small ON resistance but also large OFF resistance in order to perform efficiently during SMES operations. Because a mechanical has the advantage of infinite OFF resistance, it can operate without generating Joule losses during coil excitation and energy transfer. Furthermore, it will cause an energy storage loss as long as the ON resistance, which mainly depends on contact resistance, is not decreased to zero. In this study, case studies on energy losses due to the ON resistance of a mechanical and OFF resistance of a superconducting are carried out in order to show the necessity of a mechanical for a PCS in a large-scale SMES. Then, the contact resistance characteristics of a mechanical using bulk NbTi contact pieces are investigated in liquid helium as a function of driving force, pressing force and ON-OFF operation number. Additionally, the effects of surface roughness and shape on contact resistance are examined. It was found that a superconducting connection at contact is realized even if the is repeatedly opened and closed many times. The tested mechanical PCS supports a superconducting current flow of more than 200A. Finally, the formation mechanism of the superconducting connection at contact is modeled and analyzed based on theoretical considerations.

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When train passes through the rail joint at the heel of tongue rail of railroad

, impact vibration is caused due to the step difference of the joint. This impact vibration is transmitted to the front rod, which is the attachment device located on the toe of tongue rail and connected with position checker device, induces the wear of bearing and leading to switching failure. Also, the wear of bearing of the special layout is more serious than that of the normal railroad because the special layout is more complex than the normal railroad . In order to clarify the mechanism of the wear, we measured the acceleration and axial force of the front rod of the special layout railroad in track open for traffic. Then, we have developed the finite element model of the special and validated the model by comparing with measured results. On the other hand, we calculated the coefficient of wear amount of bearing from wear test. Combining with the results of finite element analysis and the coefficient of wear amount, we predicted the wear amount of the front rod in the track. The wear amount of bearing of the special railroad is 10 to 20 times more than that of the normal railroad (Kondo et al., 2015). This is because the material of bearing of special is easier to wear than that of normal . Furthermore, the result is attributed to the structure of bearing of special . The axial constraint of bearing of special is weaker than that of normal , and so the bearing of special is easy to slide.

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For surgeons operating in the standing position, the manipulation of foot switches involves shifting of the weight to the pivoting leg and the possible loss of contact between the and the foot. We solved this problem by changing the position of the that operates bipolar forceps. Our novel device is made of aluminum plates. The base plate features a foot strap and a height-adjustable overhang over the -operating foot. A commercially-available disc type foot is attached to the underside of the overhang in upside-down position, so the is operable with the toe. To turn on the , the toe is flexed dorsally to push the pedal, so the action is limited to the part distal to the metatarsophalangeal joints. Our was used in more than 100 consecutive microsurgeries performed by surgeons operating in the standing position. The manipulation required no shifting of the weight and was easier and quicker than manipulation of conventionally-placed switches. The surgeons were able to change the foot position freely with the modified , thereby avoiding loss of contact with the . The modified placement reduced physical fatigue in the lower extremities, annoyance related to the manipulation of conventionally-placed switches, and increased the comfort of surgeons operating in the standing position.

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When individuals are required to frequently among a small set of simple tasks, immediately after switching tasks, the responses become substantially slower and usually more error-prone. This phenomenon is known as the “switching cost.” Two main hypotheses have been proposed to explain switching cost: (1) Proactive interference and (2) Time for task-set reconfiguration. The present study examined the relationship between the attentional control load of switching tasks and the switching cost from the perspective of the time for task-set reconfiguration hypothesis, by using the group version of the Stroop tasks. Healthy participants (N = 216; mean age 19.9 years) participated in the study. Four switching conditions were used: (1) No-, (2) Selective input control , (3) S-R mapping , and (4) Translation process . The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the number of correct responses in conditions (1) and (3), whereas there was a significant reduction in the number of correct responses in condition (4) relative to (1) and (2). These findings suggest that the cost in Stroop and reverse Stroop tasks results from the time taken for attentional control, such as the selective input control and the translation process .

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The aim of this research is to figure out design variables that have an effect on user satisfaction for the operation of automotive and to investigate the relative importance of the variables and the utility of attribute level. To achieve these goals, an empirical evaluation was made through operating of automotive switchs. First, five design variables were selected for the external design elements and the internal design variables of were chosen based on the opinions of design experts and previous studies. Next, an experiment was designed using the fractional factorial design for 18 alternatives by 5 design variables (stroke, peak force, drop force, angle of surface, and curvature) that affect user satisfaction. Then, the level of satisfaction of each alternative were evaluated on 100-point scale by 22 subjects. Finally, ANOVA was conducted to verify the significant level of the 5 design variables of the automotive . A conjoint analysis was used to investigate the relative importance of each design variable by the utility of attribute level. As a result, the design variables turned out to be of significant importance. Moreover, the result showed relative importance for each design variable and utility of attribute level. It is expected that the results of this study could be utilized to improve the affective quality of the automotive .

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The purpose of our study is to clarify how the switching devices start fire, that is the first subject of our research on the fire hazards of wiring devices. We have experienced several cases of fire in which the burning presumably started from switches. It is generally assumed that the ignition of a may be caused by a short-circuit in the or local overheating of the due to the contact resistance.
Despite the above assumption, while making the investigation of fire cause of those fires, we have noticed that some burnt switches showed no evidence of short-circuit or local overheating due to contact resistance and there must be some other cause of ignition.
Then we have started our study to determine: (1) whether or not the repeated operation of a starts fire: (2) what process the ignition of a takes: (3) how the electric current through a is related to the starting of ignition of the .
From the results of our study we have found that in case of a pullswitch made of bakelite, minute sparks produced by repeated switching may carbonize the bakelite, and this carbonized part may, in some cases, be conductive of electricity. In such case the fixed contact pieces and the movable contact piece of the will be bridged, allowing the electricity flow through the bakelite even when the is in off position, and in such condition a may start fire. It was also noticed that the more electric current and the less power factor, the more chances of ignition there would be for the switches.

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Three months following implant of Arco pacemaker (L-I-3D) in 61 year old female, the pacing rate showed interesting changes. The automatic pacing rate of 71/min. suddenly changed to 77/min. and suddenly returned to 71/min. It also occurred vice versa.
Rate changes appeared frequently. The patient never presented any other rate except for 71 or 77 min. This phenomenon, very rare complication, was considered due to the trouble of pacemaker reed .

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A three-stage Clos-network with input queues is attractive for practical implementation of a large-capacity packet . A scheme that configures the first, second, and third stages in that sequence by performing iterative matchings based on random selections is called the staged random scheduling scheme. Despite the usefulness of such a , the literature provides no analytical formula that can accurately calculate its throughput. This paper develops a formula to calculate the throughput analysis of the staged random scheduling scheme for one and multiple iterations used in an input-queued Clos-network under uniform traffic. This formula can be used to verify simulation models for very large switches. The introduced derivation considers the processes of the selection scheme at each stage of the . The derived formula is used in numerical evaluations to show the throughput of large sizes. The results show that the staged random scheduling scheme with multiple iterations for a Clos-network with VOQs without internal expansion approaches 100% throughput under uniform traffic. Furthermore, evaluations of the derived formulas are used in a practical application to estimate the number of iterations required to achieve 99% throughput for a given size. In addition, the staged random scheduling scheme in an input-queued Clos-network is modeled and simulated to compare throughput estimations to those obtained with the derived formulas. The simulation results support the correctness of the derived formulas.

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FPGA that exploits via-switches, which are a kind of non-volatile resistive RAMs, for crossbar implementation is attracting attention due to its high integration density and energy efficiency. Via-

crossbar is responsible for the signal routing in the interconnections by changing on/off-states of via-switches. To verify the via- crossbar functionality after manufacturing, fault testing that checks whether we can turn on/off via-switches normally is essential. This paper confirms that a general differential pair comparator successfully discriminates on/off-states of via-switches, and clarifies fault modes of a via- by transistor-level SPICE simulation that injects stuck-on/off faults to atom and varistor, where a via- consists of two atom switches and two varistors. We then propose a fault diagnosis methodology for via-switches in the crossbar that diagnoses the fault modes according to the comparator response difference between the normal and faulty via-switches. The proposed method achieves 100% fault detection by checking the comparator responses after turning on/off the via-. In case that the number of faulty components in a via- is one, the ratio of the fault diagnosis, which exactly identifies the faulty varistor and atom inside the faulty via-, is 100%, and in case of up to two faults, the fault diagnosis ratio is 79%.

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A small, low-loss, easy-to-assemble mechanical-optical was developed. A series of trial productions of the were made and tested experimentally. These tests showed that the 's insertion loss is 0.4 dB on average which varied less than 0.1 dB during a 10, 000, 000 cycles switching test and its return loss is greater than 45 dB. Moreover, the assembly process is suitable for mass production. It is concluded from these tests that the . will be highly reliable in optical transmitting and testing applications.

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The traditional multicast fabrics, which were mainly developed from the unicast fabrics, currently are not able to achieve high efficiency and flexible large-scale scalability. In the light of lattice theory and multicast concentrator, a novel multistage interconnection multicast fabric is proposed in this paper. Comparing to traditional multicast fabrics, this multicast fabric has the advantages of superior scalability, wire-speed, jitter-free multicast with low delay, and no queuing buffer. This paper thoroughly analyzes the performance of the proposed multicast fabric with supporting priority-based multicast. Simulations on packet loss rate and delay are discussed and presented at normalized load. Moreover, a detailed FPGA implementation is given. Practical network traffic tests provide evidence supporting the feasibility and stability of the proposed fabric.

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High-power T/R with GaN HEMT technology is successfully developed, and the design theory is formulated. The proposed employs an asymmetric series-shunt/shunt configuration. Because the power handling capability of the proposed is mainly dependent of the breakdown voltage of FETs, the proposed circuit can make full use of the characteristics of the GaN HEMT technology. The has a high degree of freedom for the FET gate widths, so the low insertion loss can be obtained while keeping high-power performances. To verify this methodology, T/R has been fabricated in X-band. The fabricated has demonstrated an insertion loss of 1.8dB in Rx-mode, 1.2dB in Tx-mode and power handling capability of 20W in 53% bandwidth.

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To provide appropriate information concerning ethical or Rx-OTC-

drugs containing the same ingredients by pharmacists, it is necessary to understand the properties of both. In this study, pharmaceutical properties and economics were compared between ethical and Rx-OTC- anti-allergy ophthalmic solutions containing tranilast, pemirolast, or acitazanolast.

Regarding 14 ethical and 3 Rx-OTC-

products, the squeeze force, drop weight, pH, specific gravity, and total number of drops were measured. The usable period per bottle and daily cost were calculated from the total number of drops.

The squeeze forces of the three drugs differed about 1.5-2 times among their products. Single-drop volumes calculated from the drop weights and specific gravities ranged from 30 to 46 μL for 0.5％ tranilast ophthalmic solution, larger for the original drugs than for the Rx-OTC-

and generic ones. The pH values of the ophthalmic solutions differed among the drugs, but not among their products. The usable periods of each bottle of the three drugs were longer for the Rx-OTC- drugs. However, the daily drug costs of 0.1％ pemirolast ophthalmic solution were higher for the Rx-OTC- drug than for the original one, although those of 0.5％ tranilast ophthalmic solution were lower.

The present study demonstrated that the squeeze forces and drop volumes differed between the Rx-OTC-

and ethical drugs and that the usable periods of each bottle and daily costs differed among the drugs. It is important for pharmacists to obtain information on the pharmaceutical properties and economics for in order to select products for individual patients.

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