The ability of Climacodon septentrionalis to immobilize and kill a mycophagous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) in vitro is described for the first time. Two isolates produced droplets (20–45 μm in diameter) that formed at the apices of tall, stalked, and branching secretory cells (700–1,500 μm tall). On 2% modified malt extract agar, nematodes became enveloped in the droplets, which restricted their ability to move and resulted in complete immobilization and death within several hours of contact. The rate of decomposition of the nematodes varied considerably, with most individuals persisting for weeks whereas others were degraded within several days and appeared to be colonized by dense hyphal growth. This study provides the first documentation of a non-agaricoid fungus producing secretory cells that are able to immobilize nematodes.

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Circuit techniques to enhance the linearity of input-voltage-to-current (V/I) conversion and to increase the output impedance of a current source by compensating for the low intrinsic gain of a transistor were introduced to realize a high-frequency operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for a low supply voltage using sub-100-nm CMOS processes. Applying these techniques, a MOS th-order Gm- linear-phase low-pass filter (LPF) was realized using a 65nm CMOS process. A simplified biquad LPF that can serve as a component of a th-order LPF was newly developed by replacing OTAs with resistors. As a result, the -3dB frequency bandwidth, group delay ripple, 3rd-order distortion, and 3rd-order input intercept point (IIP3) were 200MHz, 2.2%, ≤ -55dB with a 100MHz input, and +10.3dBm, respectively, all with a ±.1Vp-p input signal at each input terminal in the pseudodifferential configuration. The LPF including an output buffer dissipated 60mW in the case of a 1.2V supply. Wide spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) characteristics were confirmed up to high frequencies.

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We compared three groups of pregnant women: placebo with normotensive women, group A which included preeclamptics, and group which comprised preeclamptics who were supplemented their diets with vitamins and . MDA increased from 6. ± 2. (placebo) to .48 ± 1.2 (A) and .02 ± 1. nmol/gHb (). NO concentrations were enhanced from 19.3 ± .2 (P) to 23. ± 6. (A) and 24.1 ± . μmol/L (). GSH contents were decreased from 10.42 ± 2. (P) to .02 ± 2.92 (A) and .39 ± 1.02 μmol/g Hb (), whereas GSSG concentrations increased from .98 ± .28 (P) to 1.24 ± .29 (A) and 1.08 ± .12 μmol/g Hb (). SOD activity decreased 23% in A and 14% in ; GRx decreased 27% in A and .% in ; GPx decreased 12% in A and .6% in . Catalase activity, however, increased 27% in A and 29% in as compared to control. Thus, we conclude that the use of vitamins and should be considered for the control of certain important biochemical indices during the development of preeclampsia; however, further studies are needed to develop methods for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at high risk.

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Static characteristics of two different structured InAlGaAs/InAlAs superlattice avalanche photodiodes (SLAPDs) cooled by liquid nitrogen were evaluated at a wavelength of 1. μm. The dark current of the SLAPD having a thick superlattice layer of .504 μm was ×10^-13 A. This was successively reduced by four orders of magnitude compared to that of the thin layer SLAPD of .231 μm at a breakdown voltage of around 20 V. The thickened layer was effective in suppressing tunneling dark current. An output current of 1.×10^-12 A at a bias voltage of 15 V was measured for an optical input with a wavelength of 1. μm and a signal power of 1×10^-12 W. This showed a sharp distinction from the dark current.

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A biosynthetic pathway for (

)-methyl cinnamate formation was evaluated in Tricholoma matsutake by tracer experiments using

13C

- and ²H-labeled precursors. One hundred percent selective

13C

incorporation was observed when L-[1,2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

, ^15/N]phenylalanine was converted to (

E

)-[1,2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]cinnamate and (

E

)-[1,2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]methyl cinnamate. Similarly, 100% selective

13C

incorporation was observed when (

E

)-[1,2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]cinnamate was converted to (

E

)-[1,2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

,

9

-

13C₉

]methyl cinnamate. In contrast, the ²H incorporation selectivities were 82.1% and

81

.

4

% when L-[2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

7

,

8

-

2H₈

]phenylalanine was converted to (

E

)-[2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

-

2H₇

]cinnamate and (

E

)-[2,3,

4

,

5

,6,

7

,

8

-

2H₇

]methyl cinnamate, respectively. Thus, T. matsutake synthesizes (

E

)-methyl cinnamate from L-phenylalanine via (

E

)-cinnamate. (

E

)-cinnamate was likely formed through two pathways: one was major and the other was a minor.

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The Nihonkai-chubu Earthquake, with a magnitude of ., occurred on May 26, 1983 in northwest Japan and produced liquefaction sites in the coastal plain of Akita and Aomori Prefectures. About one month later, the maximum aftershock, with a magnitude of .1, again induced liquefaction at several sites in Aomori Prefecture. The authors surveyed the affected area and discovered almost ten reliquefaction sites. Initial liquefaction at these sites had not occurred solely because of the main shock of the Nihonkai-chubu Earthquake. Initial liquefaction at some sites was attributable to the Niigata Earthquake in 1964, the Tokachi-oki Earthquake in 1968, and other earlier earthquakes. Although it had earlier been thought that the occurrence of reliquefaction would be improbable, the authors' investigation shows that reliquefaction occurs frequently, even when the acceleration caused by a later earthquake was less than that caused by a former earthquake. It can therefore be said that a site liquefied by an earthquake can be reliquefied by a subsequent earthquake.

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In order to clarify the physiological role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in regulating the renal water handling, a bioassay for ADH in urine was devised, and urinary excretion of ADH was determined in 21 normal subjects, 14 patients with central diabetes insipidus, and patients with inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH). Under normally hydrated states, 12 normal subjects and patients with central diabetes insipidus excreted .±3.2mU of ADH/day (12.±/ml) (mean±s. .), and less than .2mU/day (/ml), respectively. patients with SIADH excreted ADH ranging from 15.6 to 808.2mU/day. Under dehydrated states, ADH excretion increased to 3.±.mU/hr (137.±/ml) (mean±S. .) in normal subjects. At that time, plasma and urine osmolality increased to 282.±1.1 and 1004±43mOsm/kg (mean±S. .), respectively. In all of patients with central diabetes insipidus, urinary ADH could be detected when plasma osmolality increased to 298.±1. mOsm/kg (mean±S. .) after water deprivation. In normal subjects, urinary ADH excretion decreased after water loading from 3.±. mU/hr to below .6mU/ hr (/ml) with a concurrent reduction of plasma and urine osmolality to 274.±1. and ±mOsm/kg (mean±S. .), respectively. Two types of daily urinary excretion patterns of ADH were found in patients with SIADH. One of them had ectopic ADH producing tumor and excreted a relatively large amount of ADH, and the other was a non-tumor case which excreted a normal amount of ADH. However, either case showed no suppressibility of ADH in the face of an expansion of body fluid with hypo-osmolality of the plasma.

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Stress wave theory is applied to open-ended pipe piles to clarify the effects of soil plug on the behaviour of piles during driving and static loading. Measured field data and various numerical models are reviewed ; methods are presented to calculate wave propagation in both the pile and the soil plug ; modelling is presented which takes into account the interaction between the soil plug and the pile ; also presented is simplified method to estimate the loadsettlement relation of the pipe pile in static loading. By correlating observed and calculated values in two analytical cases, the authors demonstrate that incorporation of the soil plug (modelled as a series of masses and springs) is required to correctly predict pile behaviour during driving and static loading.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if the optical properties of zirconia and glass–ceramic (

.max) were affected by low-temperature degradation (aging).

Methods: Experiment samples were fabricated with seven zirconia brands (n=10): Zenostar, Zirlux, Katana, Bruxzir, DD-BioZX², DD-cubeX², NexxZr; and

.max were used as a control. This resulted in a total of 80 samples in the experiment. The L*, a* and * were measured for each sample, and then the optical properties including translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) were calculated. The samples were aged (20, 40, 60, 80, 100h), and the optical properties were calculated after each interval.

Results: Most zirconia brands had lower L*, higher a*, higher

* with increased aging, which visually corresponds to darker, redder, and more yellow. Aging also increased CR, lowered TP, and lowered OP. .max was also affected by aging but still had the highest TP (23.±2.), L* (.±3.), and lowest CR (.41±.05) compared to any zirconia. The Zenostar had the closest TP (24.1±.), and L* (90.2±.) values to .max before aging. However, after 100h of aging, the DD-cubeX² was least effected and had the highest TP (.2±.6) and lowest CR (.43±.01) compared with other zirconia samples and highest OP (11.3±.2) of all ceramic samples.

Conclusions: The optical properties of zirconia and

.max materials were affected by aging with the effects increasing with time. The magnitude of change was affected by seven brands of dental zirconia.

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One method currently being considered for the disposal of high level radio-active waste is burial in the seabed. When a hot object is buried in soil, the temperature of the soil adjacent to the object is raised and there is transient heat flow away from the object. The rise in the temperature of the soil causes excess pore pressures to be generated and transient pore water diffusion also takes place. A finite element formulation of the coupled heat flow and consolidation problem is presented. The computer implementation of this formulation is found to compare favourably with analytical solutions based on the same physical principles.

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Nアルキル3,:,10-ペリレンテトラカルボン酸モノアンヒドリド=モノイミド[a～]と芳香族アミン(アニリン,p-トルイジン,p-アニシジン,3,-キシリジン,-アミノナゾベンゼン,およびo-フェニレンジアミン)を縮合して非対称型3,:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)誘導体-N-アルキル-N'-アリール-3,:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)(〔a～〕,〔6a～〕,〔a～〕,〔a～〕,〔a～〕,および〔10a～〕)を合成した. これらの各誘導体はすべて赤色系の色相を示し, 顔料試験の結果N-ブチル-N'-アリール-3,:,10-ペリレンビス(ジカルボキシミド)(たとえば〔〕や〔6〕)がとくにすぐれた耐光性を示した.

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The interaction of theophylline with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied at pH 6.85, using the equilibrium dialysis method. The investigation was carried out at three different temperatures, 15, 25, and 37°. The data were analyzed by assuming two types of independent binding sites, and the binding parameters and thermodynamic parameters were determined to be as follows ; n^^^-₁=.61, ΔH₁=-.72 kcal/mol, ΔS₁=-19. (.u.) (ΔG₁=-3. kcal/mol at 25°), n^^^-₂=1.19, ΔH₂=-2.86 kcal/mol, ΔS₂=1.6 (.u.) (ΔG₂=-3.34 kcal/mol at 25°). It was also found that benzoic acid binds to BSA in competition with theophylline. The interaction of benzoic acid with BSA was studied in the same way as that of theophylline and the binding parameters and thermodynamic parameters were determined to be as follows ; n^^^-₁=.91, ΔH₁=-. kcal/mol, ΔS₁=-. (.u.) (ΔG₁=-6.59 kcal/mol at 25°), n^^^-₂=2., ΔH₂=-3.32 kcal/mol, ΔS₂=. (.u.) (ΔG₂=-.71 kcal/mol at 25°). The general features of the thermodynamic parameters for both theophylline and benzoic acid were similar to those of salicylic acid. Quenching of the fluorescence of tryptophan residues on BSA in the presence of theophylline or benzoic acid was observed. On the basis of all the experimental results, it is considered that theophylline and benzoic acid bind primarily to tryptophan residue on BSA by stacking due to van der Waals forces and secondarily bind to other amino acid residues on BSA through ionic and hydrophobic interactions.

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The profile of the distribution of apo into lipoproteins (apo profile) had been acquired by author's method that immune complex of apo was stained after agarose gel-immunofixation electrophoresis using anti-apo serum. And it had been revealed that apo distributed in pre-β, β lipoprotein and apo -containing high-density lipoprotein (HDL-with apo ) which migrated to near the α₂-globulin region between pre-β lipoprotein and α lipoprotein, and apo in HDL-with apo determined by this method had been named “α₂-apo ”.
In this paper, lipids, apolipoproteins and apo profile were determined in 10 normal full-term female infants and 10 healthy female adults, in order to characterize the distribution of apo in umbilical cord serum. The whole serum apolipoprotein levels in mg/dl±S. D. for all neonates were; apo A-I=84.±11.; apo =14.±.2; apo =3.±1.2. These values represented 62.% and 15.% of adult serum values for apo A-I and apo , respectively, with normal adult values for apo . The umbilical values of total cholesterol and cholesterol in HDL (HDL-) represented 31.% and .2% of adult values, and HDL- represented 60% of total cholesterol in cord serum. The umbilical activity of LCAT represented 26.% of adult activity, however the cholesterol esterification ratio (esterified cholesterol×100/total cholesterol, %) did not differ between cord serum and adult serum.
Apo profile in umbilical cord serum was characterized by the distribution of the majority of apo to HDL-with apo , so α₂-apo concentration and α₂-apo ratio (α₂-apo ×100/total apo , %) were significantly high levels of 3.3±1.2mg/dl and 90.6±.% in cord serum, in contrast to the levels of 2.±.mg/dl and 50.1±.% in adult serum. And in cord serum, α₂-apo was significantly correlated with total cholesterol (r=.720, p<.01) and with HDL- (r=.688, p<.01), and α₂-apo ratio reversely correlated with apo (r=-.660, p<.05). So these data suggested the important relationship between α₂-apo and cholesterol metabolism in neonates whose apo -containing lipoproteins that must transport cholesterol to tissues decreased, in consideration of Innerarity's report suggested that neonates might depend (at least in part) upon HDL-with apo to deliver to tissues via LDL-receptor.
Then, umbilical apo profile was similar to apo profiles acquired from patients with acute hepatitis or severe hyperthyroidism. But the reduction of HDL- and reverse correlation between α₂-apo and HDL- in acute hepatitis were not recognized in cord serum, and umbilical levels of thyroxine and free thyroxine were in normal adult levels. In conclusion, umbilical cord serum was characteristic of the superiority of HDL to apo -containing lipoproteins in its content, especially apo distributed for the most part in HDL, being reflected in reduction of apo -containing lipoproteins.

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The phase diagrams of the Ni-Mo- and Ni-W- ternary systems in the region of less than 50mol% were constructed by thermodynamic calculation, based on the data obtained by thermodynamic measurement of the related materials. We found three ternary eutectic points and three or two ternary peritecto-eutectic points as follows:
:L (1365K, 71.mol%Ni-6.mol%Mo-.mol%)=(Ni)++
:L (1355K, 62.mol%Ni-2.mol%Mo-30.mol%)=++
:L (1445K, 42.mol%Ni-30.6mol%Mo-10.3mol%)=(Ni)+NiMo+
P₁:L (1812K, 34.mol%Ni-42.3mol%Mo-.mol%)+MoB=+
P₂:L (1633K, 42.3mol%Ni-40.mol%Mo-17.3mol%)+Mo=+
P₃:L (1812K, 53.mol%Ni-33.mol%Mo-12.mol%)+Mo=NiMo+
:L (1622K, 51.mol%Ni-31.6mol%W-17.mol%)=(Ni)+W+
:L (1260K, 71.mol%Ni-.mol%W-.mol%)=(Ni)++
:L (1291K, 65.mol%Ni-.mol%W-29.mol%)=++
P₁:L (2115K, 23.mol%Ni-43.1mol%W-33.1mol%)+WB=+
P₂:L (1657K, 48.mol%Ni-33.1mol%W-18.mol%)+=W+
The calculated phase diagrams are expected to be useful for the development of new Ni-based heat-, corrosion- or wear-resistance alloys.

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