The material consists of 140 patients with AML who were registered from July 1, 1959 to November 30, 1963, Only those who presented themselves without receiving any treatment were included. They were divided into two age groups, i. ., children group (below 15 years) and adults group (15 years or over). One of therapeutic schedules was chosen by opening a sealed envelope containing the schedule to be applied, i. ., the small dosage of Prednisolone 0.mg/kg/day (Aa) or the large dosage of Prednisolone 2mg/kg, 'day (), in association with an ordinary dosage of 6-MP, i. ., 2-3mg/kg/day. The schedule was continued -8 weeks till a remission was acquired or toxic manifestations prevented further administration. Results: In children, remissions were acquired in 52.49 (11/21) in the Aa and in 55.0% (11/20) in the . The total remission rate in children was 53.% (/41). In adults, remissions were gained in 28.6% (14/49) of the Aa and in 20.0% (10/50) of the . The total remission rate in adults was 24.3% (24/99), Thus lower rates of remission were noted in large dosage of Prednisolone in adults, but the difference are not statistically significant. The numbers of survived at 8 weeks after start of treatments were compared. In children, the survival rates were 61.9% in the Aa and in 65.0% in the in both dosage groups, while in adults it was 42.8% in the Aa and 34.9% in the . Among steroidhormones, Prednisolone “Takeda” was used in the first half period and Dexamethasone (Orgadrone with Prednisolone equivalent dosage) was used in the second half. No significant differences in the remission rate and survival rate were found between these two drugs.
Conclusion: From our experience of 140 cases of AML, it was concluded that the large lose of Prednisolone or of Dexamethasone should not be administered to all patients without preselection.

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Four synthetic routes to steroid CD-ring synthons possessing various side chains, and two methods for stereospecific introduction of steroid side chains at C (20) are presented. In the first approach, (-) - (R) - [3 (R) -hydroxy--methyl-1 (Z) -hexenyl] - () -methyl--hydroinden--one () and (+) - (1R) -acetyl- () -methyl--hydroinden--one (32) were synthesized by highly enantioselective double Michael addition of a chiral alkenyl copper-phosphine complex to 2-methyl-2-cyclopentenone in which C (23R) -allylic alcohol moiety served to control the cis stereochemistry at C (17) and C (13) as a key reaction. In the second approach, (±) -De--cholestan-9-one (50) was synthesized by highly stereoselective double Claisen rearrangements of allylic alcohol 54, the first one to introduce the acyl chain at C (14) and the second to introduce the chain at C (13) with the right trans stereochemistry between 18-methyl and C (14) hydrogen, as well as the geometry of the [17 (20) ] -olefin. The C-ring was constructed by the cyclization of acyl carbanion and the side chain was introduced by the alkylation of the secondary tosylate 51 with acyl carbanion 70. (±) -De--cholest-8 (14), -diene-9-one (74) and its optically active form were synthesized, in the third and fourth approaches, by double Claisen rearrangements of (±) -triol 78 and the palladium-catalyzed cyclization of (+) -1, 3-diene monoepoxide 122, respectively. In both approaches, the cis relative stereochemistry between 18-methyl and side chain at C (17) was introduced by the product development controlled methylation of 2-butenyl-3-alkylvalerolactone. In the syntheses of side chains, the 20 (R) -and 20 (S) -configurations were introduced by the alkylation of 20-tosyloxy steroids with the protected cyanohydrin 131 and by the palladium-catalyzed 1, -addition of nucleophiles to 15, 16-epoxy--17 (20) -alkylidene steroids.

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The following average values were determined. on all or some of 27 Saanen goats, 19 Holstein-Friesian and Jersey cows, Japanese native black oxen, and 13 dogs, all of which were healthy.
1. The oxygen content on a volume per cent basis of the arterial blood () was 14.059 in goats (G) and 14.71 in cattle (C). That of the venous blood (VB) was 9.72 in G, 10.71 in C, and 10.74 in dogs (D).
2. The oxygen capacity on a volume per cent basis was 15.25 in G, 15.98 in C, and 16.66 in D.
3. Oxygen per cent saturation in was 89.37 in G and 91. in C. That in VB was 63.83 in G, 67.20 in C, and 64.71 in D.
. The CO₂ pressure in mmHg of was 41. 76 in G and 37.9 in C. That of VB was 47.08 in G, 42.6 in C, and 43. in D.
. The total CO2 on a volume per cent (and MM/L) basis of was 56.43 (25.63) in G and 52.08 (23.55) in C. That of VB was 61.08 (27.63) in G, 56.53 (25.53) in C, and 58.44 (26.40) in D.
6. The free CO₂ (as H₂CO₃) on an MM/L basis of was 1.31 in G and 1.19 in C. That of VB was 1.47 in G, 1.33 in C, and 1.36 in D.
. The combinative CO₂ (as HCO₃-) on an ME Q/L basis of was 25.12 in G and .61 in C. That of VB was 26.10 in G, 24.19 in C, and 25. 12 in D.
8. The plasma buffer base (B_B⁺) on an mEQ/L basis of was 42.57 in G and 40.2 in C. That of VB was 43.46 in G, 41.3 in C, and 41.98 in D.
9. The pH of was .39 in G and .40 in C. That of VB was .36 in G and C and .37 in D.

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