農村住居の「型」の成立とその社会性 : 東磐井地方の農村住居に関する研究 その1

抄録

The purpose of this study is to reconsider the development of housing plans in agricultural settlements in the modern age, from the late Edo period up to the present, from the view point of their social meanings within the local community, and clarify the structure of the prototype of dwellings in the settlements. Two settlements, Kariyano and Hohzuki, in Okutama Village, Higashiiwai-Gun, Iwate Prefecture, are investigated here. As the result of investigations, it has been clarified that dwelling forms in these settlements matured into one type in late Edo period. The analysis on how they used spatial forms of dwellings in ceremonial occasions shows that this prototype strongly reflects the social structure. The local community in this area used to consist, and partially still consists, of two different social organizations : the one based on neighborhood relationships and that of kinship. Each house has spaces for each organization to use in its own ceremonial occasions. It is emphasized in conclusion that the social structure of the local community becomes a key factor of the development of dwelling forms in the settlements.