抄録
Against the backdrop of worsening global malnutrition and increasing agricultural production pressures, improving the nutritional quality of crops has become a key measure to ensure food security and achieve sustainable agricultural development. This paper systematically reviews the latest progress in applying gene editing technology and big data analysis to crop nutritional improvement, with a particular focus on the potential, strategies, and challenges of their integrated use. First, it introduces the sources, types, and advanced analytical methods of big data in agriculture, and highlights the importance of data-driven decision-making in precision farming. Second, it reviews the current applications and strategies of gene editing technologies, such as the CRISPR/Cas system, in enhancing key nutritional components of crops, including vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. The paper then explains the research workflow of integrating gene editing with big data, covering high-throughput gene target screening, optimisation of editing strategies, and experimental validation, and presents representative cases that demonstrate the successful application of this integration in improving crop nutritional quality. Finally, it analyses experimental challenges, ethical debates, and regulatory issues in the process of technological integration, while providing a forward-looking perspective on future directions in technology optimisation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and policy improvement. This paper aims to offer comprehensive theoretical and methodological references for agricultural researchers and practitioners, thereby promoting the deeper application and continuous innovation of gene editing and big data technologies in the field of crop nutritional enhancement.
