1994 年 35 巻 1 号 p. 31-36
In this study, the authors intend to clarify the teacher trainees ability to observe the flame of the candle. The followings are the major findings: (1) The teacher trainees’ observations of the structures of the flame of the candle can be divided into six categories. (2) 30% of the teacher trainees cognized the structure of the flame of the candle as three concentric circles. One of the causes for this is that they learned about the flame of the candle at elementary school by using science textbooks which included some errors in the description. (3) At least about 39% of the teacher trainees make ‘a theory-dependent observation’ rather than ‘a naively inductive observation.’