抄録
Global demand of agricultural products and processed foods, particularly in emerging countries, has increased greatly. Also international food trade has been expanded. Asian countries are no exception. Trade of food-related intermediate goods between major Asian countries had grown by around 350% from 2000 to 2013. Against the background of changes in the food market and trade, first, this article considers the applicability of the theoretical framework of the Global Value Chain (GVC)when assessing economic linkages of food systems in the Asian countries.
Second, it analyses the economic effects to each national economy induced by the final food demand in China, through both intermediate and final products trade. The main results from an analysis using the Asian International Input-Output Table include that; 1)89% of the total induced value-added is estimated to belong to China, 8% to EU and others, 1.0% to the United States, and 0.7% to Japan; and 2)although the induced value-added in Japan is as large as around 2.4 billion US dollars, its 6% only belongs to the food system related industries, while its 94% belongs to the other industries. From the viewpoint of contribution to the development of the food systems industries due to globalization, these results suggest that it is necessary to change the economic linkage structure by further promoting export of agricultural products and processed foods from Japan, although bilateral trade may not be categorized as GVC.
Recently the profits on foreign direct investment (FDI)by Japanese companies have increased. The number of food-related large-scale FDI projects also tends to increase. Third, this article analyses the state of FDI in the food manufacturing industry, by focusing on FDI returns to Gross National Income.
