感覚融合に関する研究 (I) 刺激面積, 刺激時間の融合時間に及ぼす影響

小保内 虎夫; 須藤 容治

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.27.1

感覚融合に関する研究 (I)

刺激面積, 刺激時間の融合時間に及ぼす影響

小保内虎夫, 須藤容治

著者情報

ジャーナルフリー

1956 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 1-7

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.27.1

詳細

発行日: 1956 年受付日: 1956/02/14 J-STAGE公開日: 2010/07/16 受理日: - 早期公開日: - 改訂日: -
訂正情報
訂正日: 2010/07/16 訂正理由: - 訂正箇所: 論文抄録訂正内容: 訂正前 : 本研究は, 2つの光刺激を継時的に同一部位に等時間呈示することによつて融合現象を攻究した。前刺激が消失して全視野が一たん暗黒となつてのち後刺激が再び見えるための, 両者間の最小時間間隔を分離閾と呼び, 両者によつて1箇の印象のみが生ずる最大時間間隔を融合閾と呼び, この2種の閾値が, 刺激の面積と呈示時間によつていかに変わるかを測定した。実験結果の大要を列挙すれば次のとおりである。
1. 分離閾は面積の増大につれて小となるが, ついで一定点までは面積の増大にもかかわらずほぼ一定値を保つ。面積がさらに大となると閾値は上昇に転じ, この経過は抛物線型となる。
2. 分離閾は, 呈示時間の増大によつて小となる。
3. 融合閾は分離閾に比べるとはるかに小さい。融合閾は面積の増大によつて小となるが, 呈示時間の変化により特定の変化を示さない。
4. 2刺激を空間間隔を隔て, 凝視点を挾んで対称の位置に継時的に呈示する場合, 上記融合閾に対応するものとして, 両者の出現が同時に知覚される最大時間間隔 (同時閾と呼ぶ) をとり, その値を測定した。その結果によれば, (a) 2刺激間の視角とみえの間隔の両者がともに小である場合, 同時閾は融合閾よりも小となるものと思われる。 (b) 同時閾は, 2刺激間の視角とみえの間隔の両者が相伴つて増すにつれて大となり, その増大の仕方は視角の対数に比例する。 (c) 2刺激間の視角とみえの間隔を一定に保つと, 両者間の客観的空間間隔と観察距離を変化しても同時閾は一定値を保つ。

訂正日: 2010/07/16 訂正理由: - 訂正箇所: 論文抄録訂正内容: Right : The present investigation was designed to study the effect of area and exposure time of stimulus upon the fusion time of visual sensation. In the dark room two flashes of light were presented successively at an identical location for equal brief durations. Two kinds of thresholds were measured. One of them Was the threshold of fusion and this was defined as. the longest time internal between the two stimuli which produced a single impression (t_f), and the other was the threshold of separation and this was defined as the shortest time interval which produced an impression that the second stimulus appeared after the complete disappearance of the first stimulus, i. e., the shortest time interval for perceiving dark interval between the stimuli (t_s). So the present experiment was different from the flicker experiment in several points. Using the monocular and foveal vision, the following results were obtained.
1. As the area of stimulus was enlarged, ts became smaller. But after ts reached its minimum value at some area, it remained approximately constant within some range of area, then it increased when the area was further enlarged. The value of tf was much smaller than t_s, and, in addition, t_f became smaller when the stimulus area was enlarged.
2. As the exposure time of stimulus was lengthened, ts became smaller.
3. Regardless of the length of the exposure time, t_f remained approximately constant.
4. Presenting two stimuli in differentloci successively, the threshold of simultaneity (t_si) was measured for comparable time interval to the above t_f. The threshold of simultaneity was defined as the longest time interval that both stimuli appeared simultaneously. It was found that tsi increased in proportion to the logarithm of the visual angle between the stimuli within 19 degrees of visual angle. When both the visual angle and the perceived distance between the stimuli were held constant, the value of t_si remained the same, regardless of the variation in the objective distance between the stimuli on the one hand and the observing distance on the other.

抄録

The present investigation was designed to study the effect of area and exposure time of stimulus upon the fusion time of visual sensation. In the dark room two flashes of light were presented successively at an identical location for equal brief durations. Two kinds of thresholds were measured. One of them Was the threshold of fusion and this was defined as. the longest time internal between the two stimuli which produced a single impression (t_f), and the other was the threshold of separation and this was defined as the shortest time interval which produced an impression that the second stimulus appeared after the complete disappearance of the first stimulus, i. e., the shortest time interval for perceiving dark interval between the stimuli (t_s). So the present experiment was different from the flicker experiment in several points. Using the monocular and foveal vision, the following results were obtained.
1. As the area of stimulus was enlarged, ts became smaller. But after ts reached its minimum value at some area, it remained approximately constant within some range of area, then it increased when the area was further enlarged. The value of tf was much smaller than t_s, and, in addition, t_f became smaller when the stimulus area was enlarged.
2. As the exposure time of stimulus was lengthened, ts became smaller.
3. Regardless of the length of the exposure time, t_f remained approximately constant.
4. Presenting two stimuli in differentloci successively, the threshold of simultaneity (t_si) was measured for comparable time interval to the above t_f. The threshold of simultaneity was defined as the longest time interval that both stimuli appeared simultaneously. It was found that tsi increased in proportion to the logarithm of the visual angle between the stimuli within 19 degrees of visual angle. When both the visual angle and the perceived distance between the stimuli were held constant, the value of t_si remained the same, regardless of the variation in the objective distance between the stimuli on the one hand and the observing distance on the other.

責任著者(Corresponding author)

訂正情報

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