社会空間の基礎的研究

渋谷 昌三

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.47.119

社会空間の基礎的研究

渋谷昌三

著者情報

ジャーナルフリー

1976 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 119-128

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.47.119

詳細

発行日: 1976/09/20 受付日: 1974/12/11 J-STAGE公開日: 2010/07/16 受理日: - 早期公開日: - 改訂日: -
訂正情報
訂正日: 2010/07/16 訂正理由: - 訂正箇所: 論文抄録訂正内容: Wrong : Three experiments were conducted to examine the significance of social space which a group maintains between others.
In Experiment I using photographs of two male undergraduate students at various mutual body orientations (from 0° to 180°), an appropriate distance between them and impressions of their relationship were investigated. The distance of the slightly backward (135°) orientation of the two men was shorter than the slightly forward (45°) when they faced each other at the right angle (See Table 1).
In Experiment II using the questionnaire method, impressions of the interpersonal interaction between two men's photographs used in Experiment I were inquired. (a) When two men faced each other at various angles from a subject, the impression that they were close friends and that they were having a serious conversation increased as they changed their body orientations from 0° to 135°. (b) When one of the two men faced the other (fixed at 90° from a subject) while the other object varied his orientation from 45° to 180°, the impression that the two men were interacting each other and that they were close friends decreased, and so did the number of subjects who would dare to break into them (See Table 2).
On the basis of a concept of the energy of interpersonal interaction, three hypotheses were stated to define the concept and were examined in Experiment III. In this experiment subjects were given a simple work of classifying a number of one-digid-numbers recorded on the tape into three categories. After a subject had performed the task by himself, he repeated it under one of five conditions: The parallel (the subject sat between two confederates) and known (the subject knew the confederates) condition, the parallel and unknown (the subject did not know the confederates) condition, the front (the subject sat facing the confederates) and known condition, the front and unknown condition, and the control condition (the subject sat alone).
Results were as follows. (a) In the second session more digids were processed and less errors made. The control condition yielded the greatest increase in performance. This verifies the concept of energy of interpersonal interaction which suppresses the performance. (b) There was no significant difference in performance between the parallel and front conditions. (c) The increase in performance in the known conditions was suppressed in comparison with the unknown conditions (See Fig. 3).
These finding indicate the usefulness of the concept of the energy of interpersonal interaction to characterize the social space.
Right : 3 experiments were conducted to examine the significance of social space which a group maintain between others. In Exps. I and II using photographs of 2 male undergraduate students at various mutual body orientations (from 0° to 180°), an appropriate distance between them and impressions of their relationship were investigated. Main results were as follows: (a) When 2 men facing each other at the right angle oriented their bodies slightly backward (135°), the appropriate distance between them was the shortest. (b) At this angle, the impression that they are close friends and they are having a serious conversation intensified. In Exp. III, Ss were given the simple work of classifying a number of one-digid-numbers recorded on the tape. After the work was performed alone, the same work was repeated under one of 5 social space conditions. Main results were as follows: (a) Control condition (S sat alone) showed the greatest increase in performance. (b) Increase in performance in Known conditions (S knew the 2 confederates) was suppressed in comparison with Unknown conditions.

抄録

3 experiments were conducted to examine the significance of social space which a group maintain between others. In Exps. I and II using photographs of 2 male undergraduate students at various mutual body orientations (from 0° to 180°), an appropriate distance between them and impressions of their relationship were investigated. Main results were as follows: (a) When 2 men facing each other at the right angle oriented their bodies slightly backward (135°), the appropriate distance between them was the shortest. (b) At this angle, the impression that they are close friends and they are having a serious conversation intensified. In Exp. III, Ss were given the simple work of classifying a number of one-digid-numbers recorded on the tape. After the work was performed alone, the same work was repeated under one of 5 social space conditions. Main results were as follows: (a) Control condition (S sat alone) showed the greatest increase in performance. (b) Increase in performance in Known conditions (S knew the 2 confederates) was suppressed in comparison with Unknown conditions.

責任著者(Corresponding author)

訂正情報

J-STAGEへの登録はこちら（無料）