抄録
Antimicrobials take critical roles in the treatment of infectious diseases in both animal and human medicine. However, they can always select for antimicrobial resistance. The threat of antimicrobial resistance in animal health is the decrease of efficacy of antimicrobials. It have been raised the possibility of transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria which has been selected by the use of veterinary antimicrobials in food animal production from animals to humans through food commodities or directly. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria emerged by the acquisition of resistant determinants or mutations will firstly selected by the use of the antimicrobials and prevalent through the course of transmission and colonization. The “selection pressure” of the use of antimicrobials involves in selection, transmission and colonization of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. If the selection pressure is removed, the antimicrobial resistance is decreased or maintained. It may depend on the fitness of resistant-bacteria or co-selection by the use of different class of antimicrobials. The selective pressure is critical factor in the epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the reduction of selective pressure by prudent use of antimicrobials is serious issue. That may lead to decrease of possibility of selection of resistance and prevention of transmission and colonization of resistant bacteria. Though the impact of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from animals on human medicine is unclear, the risk assessment and risk management based on the integrated analysis of human, animal and food sector is needed.
