Recent Advances in Nitride Composites for Effective Removal of Organic Dyes in Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

The presence of organic dyes from industrial effluents has caused growing environmental and human health concerns. Various remediation methods and materials are available to minimize the environmental impact and ensure safe drinking water. Nitride composite particles have recently emerged as one of the promising materials for the efficient and selective removal of toxic and hazardous substances (including organic and inorganic compounds) from industrial wastewater. This review summarizes recent advances in the disposal of organic dyed wastewater using advanced nitride composite particles, including graphitic carbon nitride-based nanocomposites, boron nitride composites, and two-dimensional transition metal nitrides. The selection of appropriate materials remains largely a trial-and-error approach at present. This review highlights multiple dye-removal mechanisms, such as photocatalytic degradation, dye-sorption behavior, and computational analysis, to aid the material selection and shed light on the interactions between organic dye contaminants and nitride composites.