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Volume 41 (2008 - 200･･･
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Volume 41, Issue 2
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Ken-ichiro MUTOH, Yutaka SHIMIZU2009 Volume 41 Issue 2 Pages 1-11
Published: February 01, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this research, we take note of kendo referee's viewpoints and opinions. The purpose is to clarify these ideas in regard to the subjects with different skills when judging a match close to the real one, and to obtain suggestions on how to improve the skill of the referee. Using the Eye-mark Recorder, we did the test to judge the match projected on a big screen. Picking up the “Shikaketeiku-waza” from the test, we tried to understand how they apply their viewpoints. Comparing the subjects with different skills and viewpoints towards the process of “datotsu”, we obtained the following.
(1) Those with higher skills applied their viewpoints and opinions on the center zone between the players at any time, and don't change zone at all during the process of moving.
(2) Those with higher skills put their viewpoints into space, and won't get interrupted much by other points.
(3) Those with high skills have little movement of viewpoints.
As a result, we found that kendo referees who have higher skills put their viewpoints and opinions on the center zone between players, and also into space. Therefore through this research we couldn't get an exact answer about where to look for judgment. However we find it important not to become fixed on a single point, but to see the whole picture, as if viewing a distant mountain, which we refer to as “Enzan-no-metsuke” in Kendo.View full abstractDownload PDF (9058K) -
-kinematic consideration concerning Coup de jetage-Takemasa WADA, Dai UEDA, Akira HORII, Tamotsu YAMADA, Shoji IGAWA2009 Volume 41 Issue 2 Pages 13-24
Published: February 01, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to examine the speed of the tips of swords, angles of joints and their angular velocity by investigating the techniques of Coup de jetage, a Fleuret touche movement using the bent of the sword which were performed by skilled fencers in order to understand the kinematic characteristics of the technique of Coup de jetage. The subjects of this study were skilled nine male fencers who have international competitive experience (12.3±3.6year athletic career,20.8±2.8 years old,169.1±4.2 cm in height and 64.4±4.3 kg in weight). In this study, the Coup de jetage was performed five times by each subject against a target mannequin, followed by a three-minute rest, then they performed a Coup de jetage-fante five times. Each trial was shot with a high-speed camera to determine the speed of the sword tip, the joint angular displacement and the joint angular velocity as measurement items. As a result, their Coup de jetage was divided into the following two types of movements. (1) The maximum value of the angular velocity increased from the extension of the elbow joint to the ulnar deviation of the wrist joint and the sword was bent by breaking the ulnar deviation of the wrist joint. (2) The maximum value of the angular velocity was the highest at the elbow joint between the extension of the elbow joint and the ulnar deviation of the wrist joint and the sword was bent by breaking the extension of the elbow joint and the ulnar deviation of the wrist joint.View full abstractDownload PDF (1876K) -
Kan JIKIHARA, Masumi ICHIKAWA, Masanobu ITO2009 Volume 41 Issue 2 Pages 25-34
Published: February 01, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS“Tanden, ” a Japanese term for the lower abdominal region below the navel, is believed in oriental physical arts to be extremely important in maintaining vitality, staying calm, and taking rational action. In this paper, we examine whether the “tanden” focus of attention exherts an influence on postural control. The effectiveness of this “tanden” focus of attention on postural control is estimated by observing the equilibrium of subjects tasked with standing upright while following different sets of instructions. Four groups of subjects are instructed to stand still with minimal body sway while standing on a force-plate system that measures their center of pressure (COP). Each group is given different instructions: One group focuses on markers placed 26 cm away from the middle line of the force plate (external focus), a second focuses on their feet (internal focus), and the third on their “tanden” (internal focus). The control group is given no specific focus instructions. The parameters of equilibrium are the length of COP, average velocity of COP, and ellipse area of COp.The results show: 1) The length of COP is significantly shorter (p<0.05) in the “tanden” focus group than in the feet-focus group and the control group.2) The average velocity of COP is significantly slower (p<0.05) in the “tanden” focus group than in the feet-focus group and the control group.3) In the ellipse area of COP, there is no difference among the four groups. These results suggest that “tanden” focus of attention attenuates body sway.View full abstractDownload PDF (1668K) -
Takeshi TSUBAKI, Shigeki MAESAKA, Mika SHIMOKAWA, Akira MAEDA2009 Volume 41 Issue 2 Pages 35-41
Published: February 01, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study is to elucidate the characteristics of whole body choice reaction time, movement time, and motion time among top-level collegiate kendo practioneers (or kendoka). The subjects are 20 male collegiate kendoka who are classified into regular kendoka (n=9) and reserve kendoka (n=11) groups. A Type I whole body reaction time measurement device is used for measurements in a test in which subjects perform a whole body exercise (a jump) as quickly as possible in response to light stimulation. In addition, whole body choice reaction time, movement time, and motion time in the forward, backward, and lateral directions are measured using selective and simple light stimulation. Although the reserve group exhibits a significantly shorter whole body reaction time than the regular group in the rightward direction in response to simple light stimulation, no significant intergroup differences are observed in other directions or in response to selective light stimulation. However, the regular player group has a significantly shorter movement time and motion time than the reserve player group in response to selective and simple light stimulation in all directions. These findings indicate that regular team members complete jumping motions more quickly than reserve team members.View full abstractDownload PDF (3585K)
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