巻号一覧
8 巻 (1983)
- 4 号 p. 315-
- 3 号 p. 199-
- 2 号 p. 91-
- 1 号 p. 1-
8 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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Yutaka Tashiro1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 91-107
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーA cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane. It contains various organelles, most of which are enclosed by limiting membranes. The intracellular space is thus divided into a number of subcellular compartments. Structurally, a cell is composed of membranes and the spaces enclosed by those membranes. In order to classify these compartments, the extracellular space has been designated S1 and whenever a unit membrane structure is crossed to arrive at the next space, one is added to term; the cytoplasmic space becomes S2, the intraluminal space of the endoplasmic reticulum and the intermembrane space of the mitochondria S3, and the matrix space of the mitochondria S4. Similary, the plasma membrane is Ml, the outer membrane of the mitochondria M2, and the inner counterpart M3.
This classification of the subcellular compartments is useful in understanding a number of complicated cellular structures and functions. The intracellular transport of newly synthesized protein (protein topogenesis) and the probable development of subcellular organelles during phylogenesis of eukaryotic cells is discussed in terms of these subcellular compartments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1729K) -
James C.W. Chen1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 109-118
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーTwo stage centrifugation (250 × g and 6, 000 × g) was used to sediment organelles in layers in Nitella "leaf" cells. The earliest noticeable recovery of cytoplasmic streaming was minute and localized in the endoplasm adjacent to the chloroplast layer. This flow gradually expanded; within a few hours it covered the entire cellular space and showed an abnormal streaming pattern. At that time, chloroplasts still remained packed at the centrifugal end of the cell, and bundles of microfilaments were aligned along the direction of flow in the chloroplast-free area. The abnormal patterns observed were whirls, loops or flow perpendicular to the direction of normal streaming. Analysis of the angular velocities in the whirls indicated that each was an independent piece of rotating endoplasm, as reported by Kamitsubo (8, 9).
Approximately one week later, chloroplasts began to reappear in the stripped area, and within 1 to 2 weeks the entire cell was covered with chloro-plasts exactly aligned along the direction of the reconstituted, abnormal flow. This suggests that chloroplast alignment can be governed by the direction of streaming. Cells with abnormal streaming pattrens survived for more than 3 months with no change in pattern. New cells initiated from the centrifuged cells, however, had normal streaming patterns and chloroplast alignments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1216K) -
Variations in 5'-Nucleotidase Activity in Established Mesenchymal Cell Lines from Syngeneic A/J MiceRyojin Uchino, Manabu Fukumoto, Toshihiro Adachi, Osamu Midorikawa1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 119-126
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリー5'-Nucleotidase activity was analyzed in four different mesenchymal cell lines (F, m, e and SP) established from syngeneic A/J mice. The 5'-nucleotidase activity of fibroblasts was lower in transformed cells (F and m) than in nontransformed cells (e). An increase in cell contact during confluence or during high cell density increased 5'-nucleotidase activity, and a decrease in cell contact caused a decrease in 5'-nucleotidase activity in both fibroblastic (F, m and e) and reticulum (SP) cell lines. These results are evidence that 5'-nucleotidase activity in mesenchymal cells is influenced by intercellular contact as well as transformation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (713K) -
Kengo Sakaguchi, Miyako H. Takegami, Michio Ito1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 127-135
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーUsing toyocamycin (TYM), an antimetabolite of RNA synthesis, we examined the significance of RNA synthesis during meiotic prophase. Lily microsporocytes at various stages of meiotic prophase were cultured for discrete intervals in the presence of the inhibitor at various concentrations. Cytological observations showed strong interference with the meiotic process of the inhibition of RNA synthesis at all meiotic stages up to early diakinesis. The main effects of inhibiting RNA synthesis were the suppression of meiotic development and abnormal chromosome segregation.
When this inhibitor was applied to cells in leptonema or zygonema, zygonema arrest occurred. When it was applied in pachynema or diplonema, the cells did not progress beyond prophase, but remained suspended in some stage of late prophase. When the inhibitor was administered at half the concentration that induced suppression of meiotic development, the response of the cells was a delay in meiotic progression, but chiasma formation and chromosome segregation were almost always affected. These results demonstrate that RNA synthesis during meiotic prophase is essential to meiotic development.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (892K) -
Tadao Ohno, Mikio Shikita1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 137-147
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーA granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (Peak-1 CSF) was partially purified from the medium of a serum-free culture of Yoshida sarcoma cells (Line YSSF-212T). Its elution position in gel-filtration chromatography corresponded to a molecular weight of about 22, 000. The factor had an isoelectric point at pH 4.5 and a sedimentation coefficient of 2.3 S. The major part of its activity was not bound by Concanavalin A-Sepharose. Although CSF activity behaved as a single component in the gel-filtration and isoelectrofocussing procedures, subsequently it was resolved into two species by preparative discontinuous polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis. This resolution indicates microheterogeneity of the CSF molecule. Oxidation with periodate readily inactivated L•P3-cell CSF, but the YSSF-cell CSF was fairly resistant. Moreover, titration with anti-L cell CSF serum showed a definite difference between L•P3-cell CSF and YSSF-cell CSF.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1073K) -
Kazuhiro Mitani, Fuminori Hyodoh, Yoshihito Yawata, Tetsuo Kimoto1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 149-160
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーA human hematopoietic cell line (K-23-M) was established from a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis. Morphologically, the cultured cells were lymphoblastoid cells that produced IgA and were Epstein-Barr viral nuclear antigen positive. But they showed high phagocytic activity to glutaraldehyde-treated sheep red cells and had properties of a monocyte or macrophage that included surface Fc receptors, α-naphthyl butyrate esterase positivity blocked by NaF, migration in soft agar and the ability to attach to a glass surface. Lysozyme secretion was absent, and chromosomes were diploid and Ph1 negative. This cell line is unique in that it has strong phagocytic activity. Its existence shows that lymphoblastoid cell line may be a more important cell line for the study of human hematopoietic cells than previously has been believed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1084K) -
Hiroshi Terada, Hideaki Nagamune, Norifumi Morikawa, Tetsuo Ichikawa1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 161-170
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーDerivative spectrophotometry was used to study the interaction of the cationic uncoupler triS-C4 (5) with mitochondria. The uncoupling action of this dye is dependent on the presence of Pi in the incubation medium. The second derivative spectrum of the dye changed with the incubation period, becoming similar to the spectrum in chloroform; but, after a time, the spectral pattern reverted to the original spectrum. The change in the spectrum in the presence of Pi was much more rapid than in its absence.
The degree of spectral change agreed with the relative amount of bound dye determined directly. Thus, the spectral change reflects the binding of dye to the mitochondria, dependent on their energy state. The greater binding without Pi does not cause uncoupling but does cause shrinkage. In contrast, the lesser binding in the presence of Pi causes uncoupling and the swelling of mitochondria. These facts indicate that the dye does not penetrate the mitochondrial membrane. This refutes the idea that uncoupling by lipophilic cations is caused by the electrophoretic transfer of the uncoupler to the mitochondrial matrix space.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (992K) -
Kazuhiro Nagata, Junji Sagara, Yasuo Ichikawa1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 171-183
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーGelation of extracts of a myeloid leukemia cell line (M1) was compared before and after differentiation induced with conditioned medium (CM) from rat embryo cells. Although an extract of Mml cells, a macrophage line derived from Ml line, gelled when warmed in the presence of 2 mM MgCl2, undifferentiated M1 cells gelled only after dialysis and a supplement of exogenous actin. After differentiation had been induced, an addition of exogenous actin, but not dialysis, was needed for gelation.
Small amounts of KCl always inhibited the gelation of the control M1 cell extracts, but they promoted gelation of the CM-treated M1 and Mml cell extracts. Thus, the dialysis required for gelation of the control M1 cell extract appears to be necessary for the exclusion of endogenous KCl. Several possible mechanisms for the KCl control of gelation, as well as different requirements of exogenous actin needed for gelation are discussed based on the results of our experiments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1281K) -
Takashi Sekiya, Yoshinori Nozawa1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 185-191
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーWe examined the effect of a local anesthetic, dibucaine, on the plasma membrane of Tetrahymena pyriformis strain NT-1 using freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Intramembranous particles (IMPs) were distributed homogeneously on the plasma membrane of untreated cells. But, when Tetrahymena cells had been treated with 1.3 mM dibucaine for 5 min at growth temperature, freeze-fracture micrographs of the plasma membrane showed marked alterations. Although IMPs showed an almost homogeneous distribution, their density was elevated markedly on the protoplasmic fracture (PF) face but greatly reduced on the exoplasmic fracture (EF) face. Areas around deciliated portions had a reverse IMP density distribution for the PF and EF faces. These results suggest that dibucaine induced vertical displace-ment of the IMPs in the plasma membrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (9738K) -
Hirokazu Mikami, Yukiaki Kuroda1983 年 8 巻 2 号 p. 193-198
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/18
ジャーナル フリーA potent mouse skin tumor promoter, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhanced the increase in the size of aggregates of Chinese hamster V79 C-2 cells cultured in rotation flasks for 24 h. The effective concentrations of TPA were 1-100 ng/ml. Phorbol used as the negative control did not enhance aggregate formation of V79 C-2 cells. When aggregates that had formed in culture with TPA for 24 h were transferred to normal medium and cultured for another 24 h in rotation culture, aggregate size was not markedly enhanced as compared with that in the control culture. These results suggest that some changes produced in the cell surface by TPA remain irreversible on further culture in normal medium. No such difference in aggregate-forming activity was found in aggregates formed with phorbol. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent had no effect at the concentrations used in these experiments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (654K)
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