This paper reviews evidenece of the influence of selections for quantitative traits on the reproductive components such as litter size, natural and induced ovulation rates and foetal survival in mice.
There seemed to be independent and inverse relationships among the reproductive components when selections were practiced for body weight, litter size, ovulation rate and so on. This was likely to be explained by the fact that the intermediate reproductive performance was maintained in the animal by the interaction of such reproductive components. But it seemes that further works on the field of animal reproduction and genetics and on the long term reproductive performance not on a given phase of the individual animal are required for the solution of the problem.

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In order to investigate the strain differences of mortality by anaphylactic siock in mice, twelve inbred strains (AKR, BALB/c, C3Hf/He, C57 BL/6, DBA/2, CFW, KK, NC, IDT, DDD, DDY and IVCS) and three strains of closed colony (CF#1, ICR and ddN) were used.
All mice were sensitized by two subcutaneous injections with 2 mg/head of crystalline egg albumin at five and six weeks of age. Mice were challenged by intravenous injection of 0.125, 1, 8, 64, 512, or 4096μg/head of crystalline egg albumin at seven weeks of age.
There was evident differences in mortality of anaphylactic shock among fifteen strains of mice. In the female of NC and in both sexes of IDT strains, mortality was maximum (95100%) after challenging with 8μg egg albumin. The mortality of the CFW and DDD strans were greatly high (from 70% to 90%) after challenging with 64μg egg albumin.
In the ICR, DDY, ddN and CF#1 strains, mortality were middle (from 22% to 69%), and other strains (KR, DBA/2, BALB/c, C3Hf /He, C57BL/6 and IVCS) were very low (from 0% to 20%) after challenging with 64μg egg albumin.

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A clinical laboratory examination on plasma chemistry and blood was conducted in 230 rhesus monkeys of 2 to 4 years of age. In addition, 15 monkeys of 7 years of age or more were used in age difference studies on alkali-phosphatase. These monkeys were all imported from India or Pakistan and conditioned in our laboratory.
The examination items for the plasma chemistry were glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, alkali-phosphatase, urea nitrogen, glucose, total cholesterol, and total protein. The blood examination included erythrocytes and leukocytes counts, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and sedimentation rate.
The results obtained in the examinations were as follows:
1. The alkali-phosphatase was relatively high in monkeys, the average value being 18.4±7.08 B.L.U. In adult monkeys of 7years of age or more, the value was 8.0±3.63 B. L. U. Thus, the age difference was demonstrated in monkeys as well as in man.
2. The other average values of the plasma chemistry were : GPT : 15±9.2K. U., GOT : 20±7.2 K.U., BUN : 22±3.7mg/dl, Glucose : 81±18.3mg/ dl, total cholesterol : 141±27.0 mg/dl, and total protein : 8.0±0.64g/dl.
3. The average values of the blood examination were : Eryth. c.: 542±55.4×10⁴. Leuk. c.: 111±50.5 ×10², Hb : 11.3±1.04 g/dl, PCV : 40±2.9 %, and Sed. r.: 1.6±1.45mm/hr.
3. The sex difference was not remarkable in any of the above tests. The erythrocytes count tended to indicate higher counts in males than in females, but the difference was not statistically significant.

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The enlarged cecum, one of the characteristics of the germfree rodent, is also induced in the conventional rat by the administration with penicillin. The enlargement is also seen in the intestinal diverticulum of the animal, but not seen in the stomach. It seems likely that an elevation of the inner pressure in the cecum is one of the factors causing the cecal enlargement.

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Former system of breeding control of experimental mice (sibling card system) that had been used in our laboratory, has caused various fault. Then authors developed a new breeding control system (mating and individual card system) which is suitable for usage of electro computer. By the new method we can simply manage the animal breeding. From the mating card we can easily secure the statical data which are necessary for the adjustment of animal production for experimental use.
We also readily computer the data from the animal experimation with the new individual card.

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