Fire Science and Technology

Fire Source Model Based on the Ignited Material and Its Burning Property in the Early Stages of Fire in Residential Accommodations

Hiroomi Satoh, Tomoyuki Mizuno

2006 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 163-187
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: September 28, 2007

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3210/fst.25.163

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To grasp a fire scenario in the case of the early stages of a fire in a dwelling, a statistical analysis of the combination of "the ignited material and the ignition source" as the fire source was done using the fire report data, and some of representative combinations of "the ignited material and the ignition source" were extracted. Moreover, burning experiments on the extracted combinations were carried out and data on the basic burning properties such as the heat release rate was grasped. From these results, a fire source model with five types was proposed as the early stage fire source in the dwelling.

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A Proposal of a Visual Communication Tool for the Reduction of Early Stage Fire Spread Risk in Dwelling Units

Hiroomi Satoh, Hitoshi Kurioka, Hiroshi Sato

2006 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 189-212
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: September 28, 2007

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3210/fst.25.189

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A fire risk communication tool, which can reduce the risk of fire spread in the early stages of a fire by the arrangement and selection of the furniture, was proposed to a group of residents.
1) The possibility of a classified standard arrangement model was verified. The data was obtained under actual conditions, based on the analysis of furniture arrangements in 516 rooms where students live and 248 family homes.
2) Regarding a room area arranged with standard furniture, a figure which indicates the critical radiation distance was suggested. It controls the combustion of the fire source related to the furniture arrangement to the local combustion. According to this figure, a method using the occupied ratio of the fire safety floor was proposed. The concept of the occupied ratio of the fire safety floor based on the critical radiation distance of materials as the condition for a localized fire from the view point of the initial fire source model and furniture arrangement, and the indication of this concept were proposed.

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A Demonstrational Test of Pressurization Smoke Control System at A Large-scale Shopping Store

Masayuki Hirota, Hideki Mizuochi, Shuji Kakegawa

2006 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 213-237
Published: 2006
Released on J-STAGE: September 28, 2007

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3210/fst.25.213

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This report deals with a performance test on a pressurization smoke control System at the first large-scale shopping store in which installed it. If a fire breaks out in the store, it controls the smoke movement not to leak the smoke into the other compartment, other floors and vertical shafts by pressurizing their air. Generally speaking, it was difficult to use the system at a large-scale shopping store because of difficulty with getting enough airtight there. But we could get enough it by an adequate management from the stage of construction. The performances of the system, for example the airtights, the performances of smoke extraction devices and pressure devices and the differences of pressures between fire compartment and other compartments or vertical shafts, were mostly confirmed through the test.

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