The main purposes of this report are to describe the co-relation of M. leprae and lysosome, especially, ultrastructural findings of the transverse fission of M. leprae inside phagolysosome and the differences of electron microscopic findings of intracytoplasmic foamy structure found in lepra cells of human and experimental leprosy between ultrathin section and freeze-etching technique.
The lepromata observed by electron microscopic studies were as follows:
1) human lepromata of lepromatous leprosy, 2) lepromata of nude mice inoculated with M. leprae isolated from human leproma, 3) lepromata of armadillos inoculated with M. leprae isolated from human leproma, 4) lepromata of passage mangabey monkey and rhesus monkey inoculated with leprosy bacilli isolated from the leproma of naturally infected mangabey monkey.

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The main purpose of this report is to describe the electron microscopic findings of peripheral nerve lesions, especially perineural lesion, of experimental nude mouse inoculated with M. leprae isolated from human leproma.
1. Intracytoplasmic foamy structures are observed inside the perineural cells as well as those found inside Schwann cell, axon, macrophage and fibroblast. The intracytoplasmic foamy structures found inside the perineural cells are bigger than those inside the other host cells observed in the peripheral nerve lesions.
2. Invasion route or process of M. leprae into the perineural cells are not elucidated.
3. It is considered that M. leprae inside the phagolysosomes of perineural cell come into the space surrounding perinerum after the rupture of perineural cell by the ending of lifespan.
4. The peripheral nerve lesions of experimental nude mouse inoculated with human M. leprae are not influenced by cell mediated immunity in vivo.
5. Experimental nude mouse inoculated with human M. leprae is a very good model for studying the early stage of histopathological finding of peripheral nerve lesions in lepromatous leprosy

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