In this issue we are attempting to discuss local wisdom in an effort to learn more about local knowledge and wisdom as an important way of understanding local concepts, planning experience, historical asset management and planning methods as potential assets in order to create better city planning. Study of concepts, theory, and best practices on local knowledge of the past results in design outcomes through the review of the design and practice of urban planning in an effort to develop sustainable urban design practices. Local wisdom in spatial city planning that characterizes a city is an important aspect in the process of spatial city planning. Thus urban development through planning policy must be able to accommodate local knowledge in order to create better city planning.

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River Bank is an area which not only maintains the area’s ecological functions but also exists as a potential public space which can be promoted as a natural recreation area for individual or groups. Regarding the Government Decree Nu 38 Year 2011, the river area is described as an area which maintains the functions of the river, by supporting its morphology, protecting the area against flood, providing habitat for flora and fauna, conserving water, as well as ensuring good micro climate quality. Code is a unique river spreading from northern to southern parts of Yogyakarta, whose natural landscape functions, especially in the urban area (sections 3 to 6), are deteriorating. The aesthetical landscape quality is high in Gemawang district. However, in other urban areas such as Keparakan, Tegal Panggung, Terban and Wirogunan (belonging to section 3 to section 6), we still find slums and low quality river areas. Code River is the urban landscape asset of Yogyakarta. Concerning its essential functions, efforts should be taken to conserve this area. This is expected to enhance the performance of spatial planning, which can improve the sustainability of the ecosystem in the city and its ecological functions. In this paper, through identifying the problems in deteriorating landscape functions and quality, it is indicated that public participation is not included in the holistic concept. Through the exploration of the criteria for creating a development concept, public participation is included. Focusing on land use and visual landscape, the concepts of spatial land use along the selected urban area of the Code River are created to improve the performance of sustainable urban landscape assets through the acknowledgment of local traditional knowledge.

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The state of the city of Harare in terms of its present general outlook and critical analysis of its carrying capacity as a colonial city tends to perpetuate an ingrained myth among urban planners and the common people alike that planning has failed the former so called sunshine-city. Yet such a view treats with amnesia the wealth in the elasticity of planning as an instrument for change as well as a strategic force to command and direct the trajectory of cities. It is in this context that this paper discusses the elasticity of planning of Harare as anchored on a complex but well-knit constellation of the factors of good urban governance and political will. These can allow for urban reform and smart transformation. A close look at the city after 1980 shows that the city of Harare has been subjected to much bickering, contestations and intergovernmental impositions of policy hence it exemplifies policy from above as opposed to policy from below. This is largely explained by the central government’s hard and fast wrenching control in directing the affairs of the city hence negating the role of the residents’ needs and wants. Recently the city has been facing several challenges, more than ever before, and the more critical challenge now is the adopted culture of colonial blaming rather that solving the deep seated problems of poor management approaches. The present study is skewed towards assessing the historical and contemporary socio-economic and political dynamics as far as they have inspired, championed, ignored, and arm-twisted planning. This has largely been to the detriment of the city. Thus, a vortex and maelstrom over the relevance of planning has been created which now requires planning to exonerate itself by proving its worthiness to the citizens and investors whose creeds and needs it has betrayed over the years.

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The main problem of conserving old Indonesian cities is how their changes are still accepted without eliminating their main characteristics. Cakranegara is one of the old cities in which its main characteristic should be known. The griddesigned pattern of Cakranegara is an architecturally beautiful Hindu Balinese pattern with its own unique identity. The study of the main characteristic of Cakranegara was done by matching thebasic principle of the social culture and religious beliefs with the empirical field data. The research adopted four methods: questionnaire, cognitive mapping, interview, and visual observations. The data of the questionnaires was analyzed by descriptive statistics, while the data of the cognitive mapping, interviews, and visual observations were analyzed qualitatively. The next was then the assessment of the design of settlement blocks, the crossroads, the urban design, the spatial orientation and hierarchy by triangulation process. Thus, the basic principle of the social culture and the religion results in the realization of the main characteristic of the historical city of Cakranegara.

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As the abstract of the main parts of a doctoral dissertation, this paper tried to show the overall study skeleton: a sustainable urban design strategy could be investigated from two domains, the space construction and the social action. In the perspective of "conflict", according to the urban development of Shanghai, five conflict fields were proposed and the relevant empirical studies were implemented, focusing on the above two dimensions and combined closely with the stage characteristics of urban development to explore practical approaches of sustainable urban design. Also, the content framework of sustainable urban design strategies was formed based on the above study and enumerated briefly.

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Cities in a developing country play a role as a growth-pole, with high economic activity. This role, acts as a great magnet for low income rural people - who still live in a cosmocentric ontology - to migrate to the cities. This condition becomes a real challenge to urban designers in a developing country. The rural migrants accumulate as the majority of inhabitants and if they are not considered carefully there will be many problems to the city’s life, include the emergence of slums and shanties. Semarang is the municipal of Mid-Java province in Indonesia, a developing country. A significant case among many others, Semarang can be found at the Djohar traditional market at the center of the city. The traditional market was designed by famous Dutch olden-times architect, Herman Thomas Karsten. The market was designed for ordinary lowclass people complementary to the Bojong shopping street, which was designed for the Elite Dutch class. Indonesia proclaimed its independence on August 17^th 1945. About the year 2000, some investors tried to change Djohar and its surrounds into an elite shopping area. This effort failed. The low-class people still exist in this area. This tells us about a different urban planning and design solution for different communities living in a city. A specific treatment in urban planning and design in a developing country that fits the worldview of the people living in it is required: Postmodern urban planning and design, with local wisdom as the ontological foundation.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the Buginese-Makassarese culture which is increasingly present in the settlements along the coastal area of Makassar. This study is meant to sharpen the standards and references of the coastal city’s planning which will become more effective if the stakeholder paradigm of the local knowledge about appropriate modern science and technology development dynamics, technology and art, is built as the basis of thinking, decision making, and attitude toward planning and utilization in a coastal city. This study is useful for developing a model of coastal city planning with integrity based on the construction of culture and development of science, technology and art. This study explores local knowledge of the Buginese-Makassarese culture which emerged and developed in the past, also the social-cultural condition which is growing in the residence area along the coast of Makassar city. The method which is used is a triangle analysis, a method which analyzes the literature, in-depth interviews with community leaders, and observations of the socio-cultural and physical morphology in the research area. From this study, it was found that the Buginese-Makassarese community have local knowledge based on culture, cosmology, and philosophy which have been understood since long ago. Implementations of the cultural values that still exist in Makassar city have been able to influence the rules of the region which is more macro. Some of the culture values of the Buginese-Makassarese community are identified and applied in Makassar city’s form, especially: the road pattern, the building shape, and the building orientation.

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