We propose a fast rendering method of refraction through a thick cylindrical glass by calculating the movement for only the vertices constructing the target object. Some refraction images are generated according to the refraction times, and they are combined together. We have finally confirmed our method is faster than GPU based ray-tracing.

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Point Clouds from 3D digitizer consist of unorganized points. Hence it's important to consolidate and refine them. A method that called Locally Optimal Projection (LOP) has been proposed. However, it doesn't preserve sharp feature of the shape. We propose improved LOP with preserved sharp feature and show the effectiveness.

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In this paper, we propose a spinnability simulation method of viscoelastic fluid by using a constitutive equation combined for viscosity and elasticity, where the weight of the combined equation changes according to the fluid velocity. Finally, we have confirmed that the stretching length has become longer than that of the previous method.

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The image safety of commercial stereoscopic TV was evaluated. Subjects were 107 members of the general public without eye disease, including children and alien. According to the results of the subjective evaluation, the degree of visual fatigue for 3-D image was slightly greater than for the usual 2-D image. However, it did not result in asthenopia, a morbid condition. In the objective evaluation, there was no difference between 2-D image and 3-D image.

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We conducted an experiment that examined a relationship between visual comfort and individual observer's interpupillary distance. The results showed that observers with larger interpupillary distance tended to prefer stereo images behind the screen. It suggests that users can adjust the depth of stereo images in advance for a comfortable stereo viewing on mobile devices.

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We evaluated stereoscopic image, no disparity realistic image and 2D image from a sense of subjectivity evaluation and visual fatigue. These results indicated that no disparity realistic image let observer feel high presence and an observer's visual fatigue was low.

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This report proposes a method for generating a super-resolved stereoscopic video using two synchronized videos with different magnifications. In this study, one digitally zoomed video image is super-resolved by energy minimization so that the resolution of the image becomes the same as that of the other image which is optically zoomed.

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High-efficiency acquisition of spherical ray-space is proposed. It uses the sinusoidal structure of EPI of spherical ray-space. Each EPI of spherical ray-space is transformed into an amplitude-phase domain image by integrating the value of EPI along sinusoidal waves with various amplitudes and phases. EPI is successfully reproduced from the amplitude-phase domain image by an iteration method.

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A new type of mirror-scan ray capture system is proposed. It can capture all-around dense rays by scanning reduced-size images. The distortion of captured images is largely reduced by the proposed system.

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We fabricated an ultra-fine magneto-optical spatial-light-modulator driven by spin-transfer-switching (Spin-SLM), comprised of a ten-pixel array with 1μm pixel-pitch, for realizing an electronic holography with a wide-viewing-zone. We have successfully observed a spin-transfer-switching in Spin-SLM. Furthermore, modulation of diffracted light in Spin-SLM was accomplished by switching with an external magnetic field.

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We propose integral three-dimensional (3D) display system by using a combination of a plurality of feasible resolution display devices. This approach is suitable for actualization of high quality reconstructed 3D image, because we have many choices in the alignment and number of display devices. We con_rmed to be able to double the viewing zone in the horizontal direction by using two MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) laser projectors, _eld lens and lens array.

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Bending tolerance of InGaZnO4 (IGZO) TFTs formed on an ultrathin polyimide film was evaluated. The IGZO layer and a SiOx gate insulator were formed at room temperature and annealed at 130℃ in ambient air. We found that the TFT characteristics were maintained even after the device was rolled at a small radius of 1mm.

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We investigated the dependence of InGaZnO (IGZO) thin-film transistor characteristics on IGZO thickness. The ON current was nearly constant with respect to IGZO thickness. The threshold voltage shifted negatively with increasing IGZO thickness because a thicker IGZO film requires a higher negative gate voltage for it to be fully depleted.

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We are researching fabrication of flexible OLED display using printing methods. In this report, we successfully fabricated the reflection electrode for top emission of OLED by using the screen-printed Ag electrode. This is one of the basic technologies for fabricating an all-printed large area or high definition flexible OLED display.

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A new accurate and computationally efficient device simulator for amorphous IGZO TFTs is developed. The simulator takes into account the influence of trap states in the band gap to reproduce the gradual increase of the subthershold current. Calculations using the simulator produce results that are good agreement with measurements over a wide range of gate voltage.

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An 8-inch flexible AMOLED display driven by oxide-TFTs was successfully fabricated. Solution-processed organic materials were used as the gate insulator and the passivation layer of the backplane. Phosphorescent polymers were also used as the OLEDs. The fabricated flexible display showed clear color moving images.

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A major problem on projection-based mixed reality is that high spatial frequency components of a projected image are lost by defocus and resampling. This report proposes a method to reduce the loss of high frequency components in multiple projector environment by estimating projected result images and by selecting optimal projector.

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We propose a novel Multi-Screen Synchronization System. This system can synchronize video display between screens with a high degree of accuracy. In this paper, we focus on the performance evaluation of this system.

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On-board displays need design which matched with interior design in the car, in addition to providing a driver with information. We developed a free-form rear projection display. The rear projection display showed image information on three-dimensional curved surfaces. We proposed a free-form cockpit via the rear projection display.

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We have developed a backlight system used the red LD(Laser Diode) and the cyan LED. The red LD is sensitive to temperature so it is important to construct an efficient cooling system. In this paper, we describe the thermal structure and thermal characteristic of 2nd generation prototype.

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We have developed a Laser Backlight LCD TV that uses red laser diodes and cyan LEDs. The laser diodes and the LEDs have the different characteristics. Therefore, a special optical system is needed for this backlight system. We developed a new optical structure for the backlight system.

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JoinTV is a "social viewing television service" that NTV has developed. The combination of television and Facebook^[○!R] has made it possible to change the way television can be enjoyed. This service combines the current datacasting system with cloud technology. Each of the 100 million digital terrestrial TV sets in Japanese households can utilize this service.

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Insert the IPDC to broadcast facilities, tried to verify whether it is technically possible. As a result, the problem exists, but technically was found to be the most possible.

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Hybridcast is a platform for enhancing broadcasts through the use of communications networks, and it will make possible to provide various customized and personalized services for each viewer. In this paper, we focus on a personalized TV spot service on Hybridcast receivers.

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Hybridcast can provide attractive services with web applications by combining broadcasting and communications. To verify reliability of application, we propose an authentication scheme using key-insulated signature. In this paper, we describe how to implement the scheme in Hybridcast prototype receiver and evaluation results of its processing time.

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There is always a need of TV programs with sign language for deaf people, but it is not enough because of technological and operational problems. Although the broadcasting and telecommunications convergence have been suggested for a long time, finally it is becoming possible by recent advances in technology such as smart TV and cloud computing. This paper describes synchronization system between broadcast program and sign language animation using CG streaming technology that provides real time CG rendering and low-latency live streaming via broadband at the same time.

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This paper describes our developing synchronization mechanism for multi device link service on the convergence of Broadcasting and Telecommunications. We designed the mechanism especially for a link service between a TV set and a portable device with a camera.

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We propose an automatic news broadcasting system, which generates full-CG animated news-shows from original text formats from the Internet. This paper introduces the overall system and provides a feasibility test and working model of the news show application generated from a HTML Internet news site. We also describe the future collaboration work.

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This paper presents a new method, called selective averaging, using a multi-aperture system with CMOS image sensors, to reduce random telegraph signal noise and dark current. It has been verified by simulation that the standard deviation of the noise is reduced by half with a 3 × 3 multi-aperture system.

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We have been investigating the image sensor whose focal plane is divided into several segments. The architecture can adjust frame rate and exposure time for each segment. This paper proposes the methods of wide dynamic range imaging and high speed object tracking using the segment based image sensor.

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This paper presents a new type of charge modulation pixel structure using lateral electric field. It has attractive features for time-resolved CMOS image sensors which are able to transfer charge in high-speed by not through a transfer gate and to modulate different signals simultaneously.

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We proposed a new evaluation method for image contrast. It is an index value of "Contrast Contribution." This index value can estimate the form of a histogram. We evaluated some pictures using "Contrast Contribution", and checked the validity of this index value. Thereby, we verified that the evaluation result of each HDR images is in agreement with a subjectivity evaluation result.

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This paper proposes a simple TV remote control with an easy-to-operate electronic program guide on a tablet device. A user can switch broadcasting stations viewing now-on-air programs on the tablet, and search for future programs as well with its simple GUI. Evaluation of trial use at subjects' home showed that this application was accepted not only by tablet users, but also by conservatives who use TV pages in the newspaper every day.

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It is desirable that visually impaired people can also access digital broadcasting. Such accessibility is not enough and there has been no means for a deaf-blind person to obtain information from the TV up to now. Accordingly, we have developed a set-top-box-type receiver-called a "visually impaired assist TV". In this paper, the receiver's functions and user interfaces are outlined.

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We propose a restaurant menu reading system, which processes a menu image obtained by a mobile scanner and informs extracted menu information (food/drink and its price) to the blind persons through synthesized voice. This system processes two kinds of menus in which text overlaps or does not overlap with photographs.

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It have been considered as a difficult issue how to optimize the presentation of unstructured visual data, such as natural scene imagery, while taking into account the diversity of color perception that includes color weakness and color blindness. We propose a novel methodology to analyze the inter-subject perceptual difference in terms of visual saliency. Our method quantifies and visualizes the information loss among saliency maps that reflect different visual properties, enhancing efficiency, objectivity, and flexibility of the designing procedure. The psychophysical experiment confirmed that the saliency-based model predictions were consistent to the subjective visual recognizably judged by human participants. We also report several examples of the system application to television programs.

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We have been conducting research on technology for generating sign language animation. This paper describes 3D Computer Graphics viewer for sign language animation based on WebGL, which is a cross-platform web standard for 3D graphics API. The WebGL-based viewer enables users to view sign language animation without any plug-in installation.

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Many foreign-born residents in Japan feel that their limited Japanese comprehension prevents them from understanding Japanese news. However they have a certain level of Japanese. Taking advantage of their ability, we initiated research for providing easy Japanese news, and made assistant tools for rewriting Japanese news into easy Japanese.

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This paper presents Drain only modulation (DOM) pixels for Time-of-Flight (TOF) Range Image Sensor with High range resolution. Proposed DOM pixel with sub-pixel architecture allows us to obtain both High-speed charge modulation and high sensitivity. Parasitic sensitivity and charge transfer characteristic are investigated using a device simulator.

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We propose and demonstrate a CMOS image sensor pixel with double-layer on-chip metal grid polarizer. The extinction ratio depends on the combination of metal layers and can be improved by optimization.

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We propose and demonstrate wireless transmission through a mouse brain using the implantable micro CMOS image sensor. A digital output signal from image sensor was transmitted through a brain phantom. Images were successfully reconstructed from the received signal.

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We propose a needle type CMOS image sensor for performing low invasive measurement of neural activities in the deep brain of a mouse. The very thin shape reduces insertion damage to nerve cells and allows real-time imaging during motor behavior.

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New ADC architecture which has two-stage cyclic ADC was developed for 33-Mpixel 120-fps full-spec SHV image sensor. The ADC circuit was designed in terms of reducing the power consumption, and the power consumption was 1/3 that of the conventional cyclic ADC, though the A/D conversion speed with 12-bit resolution is 1.56 times higher than that of the conventional one.

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We have developed a new compact Super Hi-vision (SHV) camera head using a 33-M-pixel color CMOS image sensor. The size, weight and shape of our camera head are similar to those of current HDTV broadcast cameras. This camera head enables a rich variety of shooting styles with its highly improved portability.

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Installing functional circuitry on the front side of backside-illuminated image sensors provides image sensors with both high sensitivity and advanced functions. To prevent intrusion of incident light and migration of generated photoelectrons to the functional circuits, a special sensor structure with pnpn layers was developed. Potential applications are briefly discussed.

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The images captured at a rate of more than 10M fps using a high-speed CMOS image sensor are introduced.

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We developed the prototype devices for the low delay digital radio microphone transmissions using OFDM and error correcting code. As a result of the laboratory experiment, the required CN ratio for BER=1x10^<-5> was 14.7dB which agree with the value calculated by the PC simulation. And the transmission delay was achieved 1ms or lower which is less than 1/3 that of conventional digital radio microphones transmitting compressed audio signals.

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We are developing next generation FPU that is 120-GHz-band wireless transmission system for the transmission of SHV signal. This paper describes outline of the prototype 120-GHz-band wireless transmission system and the results of indoor experiments that measuring of BER characteristic.

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We developed a return link system for golf program, which STBC technique with 2 transmit antennas and 42-GHz band is applied. To put the system into practice, we measured channel characteristics in golf field and calculated BER performance of the system in correlated MIMO channel model by computer simulation. In conclusion, it's confirmed that the system can transmit the return information without interruption in golf environment.

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It has been known that a good broad band antenna could be obtained by twin delta loop antenna. In this paper, the twin delta loop antenna with plane reflector was analyzed. The input impedance and gain were obtained by using the moment method for the analysis. As a result, it is found that the twin delta loop antenna with plane reflector has the gain that 11dBi is high.

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