Mekong region has become one of the core manufacturing bases for multinational corporations. Especially for Japanese manufactures, so-called Thailand plus one strategy has been widely recognised and implemented as a regional strategy to enhance their competitive edge. As the concepts of values chain (Porter 1985) has been widely used and applied in various fields, this study attempts to identify the commonality and the uniqueness of each field of study through the literature review. This paper addresses the importance of studying global value chain (Gereffi 1994, Gereffi & Korzeniewicz 1994) in relation to its social, institutional and organisational contexts.

With the progress of digitalization in recent years, providers can engage in post-purchase consumer experience through online customer touchpoints, which has not been noticed in the past. The purpose of this research is to clarify how cusotmer experience is generated after purchase, and to examine how to utilize online customer touchpoints from a marketing perspective. We conducted a group interview with Chinese customers and analyzed the data to organize types of post-purchase information, and post-purchase information usage activities. Then, we discussed the generation of customer experience and discussed marketing strategies that utilize online customer touchpoints.

Currently, the tourism business has been forced to shrink due to the influence of COVID-19, but it must be restarted and expanded in the future. In this study, we clarify the influence of the involvement of the housing provider in the lodging experience on the value of the vacation rental experience in the vacation rental experience, which is one of the tourist experiences for foreigners visiting Japan. One of the characteristics of the vacation rental business is that there are no staff who provide accommodation services based on specialized knowledge and skills, unlike hotels and inns, while the number of hands-on vacation rentals is increasing. For foreign tourists, language and customs are expected to be barriers to service experience and interaction. Based on these characteristics of the vacation rental business, this study examines value co-creation with Taiwanese tourists in landlord-resident vacation rental.

The measures of “economic reform” centering on the market mechanism under the Kim Jong-un regime are only partial revisions of existing economic management methods, and are similar to the “economic reform” of the Soviet and Eastern European countries seen in the 1960s. It can be said that this is a low-level measure, but there are also some movements that are drawing attention, such as the direction of utilizing the market mechanism through the legislation. But the Kim Jong-un regime’s economic development strategy, which is based on these measures, has been transformed by the UN sanctions into an inward-looking character called “countermeasures against sanctions.” Moreover, the recent Covid-19 pandemic and flood damage have forced us to further correct the trajectory. The Kim Jong-un regime is at a critical turning point.

Japanese retailers began full-scale operations in the Thai market back in the mid-1960s; many Japanese retailers made inroads by the 1990s. However, retailers who entered the market during the twentieth century had to pull out. At present, many Japanese retailers continue to engage in business-related activities. Only a few companies, such as Seven-Eleven and Uniqlo, have been well-accepted in the Bangkok market. The biggest problem is that the local market has already matured; marketing strategies that worked in Japan cannot be effectively implemented in Bangkok to draw upon their features, and the Japanese stores are not earning enough to remain viable. Thus, by using a predetermined framework, we examined ways through which the Japanese retailers can capitalize on their strengths to be accepted in the local market.

In Indonesia, the popularity of Japanese foods increases year by year mainly on a young generation. Now, there are about 1,300 Japanese restaurants in Jakarta. The market size of 2017 is only about 37 billion dollars and about one-sixth of Japan, and the eating out market of Indonesia can expect future growth. In this report, I analyzed it from the architecture theory about the actual situation about the business of the Japanese-eating out company in Indonesia, while comparing it with China, Thailand, the Taiwanese example, mainly on raw materials procurement. As a result, it is clear that ingredients of local product (modular type) are used about rice, vegetables, chicken, the pork, but the beef comes from foreign countries (integral type), and the seasoning is from Japan (integral type). On the other hand, the fresh fish is divided into an overseas product and a local product by a kind. Through the comparison of four countries and areas, it is revealed that a difference occurred about the seasoning in particular.

This study contributes to the literature on the production capabilities of Japanese automotive industries in ASEAN5 countries using re-conceptualized Rugman, Verbeke & Yuan typology of subsidiary roles. In conclusions, Japanese automotive MNCs has capabilities of transferring and combining superior knowledge in value chain activities such as production, sales and administrative feature with location advantageous found in FDI studies. Furthermore, this analysis showed that Japanese automotive companies did not operated in core business of overseas subsidiaries with the exception that R&D activities which was more externally-controlled than academic notions in late-nineties.

This paper considers from various aspects that it is important for the sales financial system to take root in each country in order to popularize durable consumer goods in each ASEAN country.

First, this paper took up the population trends and urbanization in ASEAN. In addition, it was clarified that the religious population and proportion, which differ from country to country, the industrial composition of each country, and the difference in GDP per capita are related to the spread of durable consumer goods to each household. For automobiles, which are representative of durable consumer goods, this paper focused on changes in production and sales volume in the country concerned. There are countries like Malaysia that have promoted the spread of automobiles in a policy. In the end, it became clear that it was important to create an environment where people could buy automobiles. In order to improve these environments, it is necessary to cooperate with foreign financial companies as well as the countries concerned.On the other hand, in countries with many Muslims such as Indonesia and Malaysia, a special financial system called Islamic finance is being developed. Islamic finance is not clearly distinguished from ordinary finance. Islamic finance can be expected to become a better financial system by finding a match by matching it with the normal financial system, while leaving a special part. In any case, financial inclusion reaffirms the importance of providing various services to many consumers in the financial system.

In recent years, the possibility of introducing a single currency within the ASEAN region has been considered. This paper examined what factors existed in the exchange fluctuation of ASEAN member countries by using factor analysis. The main conclusions of this study are as follows. First, as a result of a factor analysis using time-series data of all ASEAN member currencies, two factors was extracted. Second, it was suggested that the ASEAN currencies could be classified into three groups depending on how they were affected by these two factors. Finally, as a method of introducing a single currency in the ASEAN region, rather than introducing a single currency as a whole, a single currency will be adopted mainly by groups with similar effects on the home currency by these two factors. It has been shown that the method of expanding the introduction stepwise is preferable.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that AEON, which originally Japanese local small-sized retailer, has grown to the large-scale global retailor to represent Japan, and developed its Asian business with JPY 760 billion of sales, by utilizing the organizational capabilities’ framework of Marketing Capabilities (MC). In the initial stage, the company had established the Inside-Out capabilities, which is the basis of management, such as financial discipline, HR and organization principle, and store development capabilities. In the next stage, the company had developed capabilities of devitrifications, shopping mall development, store scrap strategies in failure, and environmental and social contribution activities, through interacting with outside parties such as the US and UK retail business partners. These capabilities, called the Outside-In capabilities and the Spanning capabilities, which unites the Inside-out and Outside-In Capabilities, have promoted the AEON’s Asian business. The study is going to contribute for clarifying the factors to promote the internationalization of retail business by utilizing the MC framework.

This study employs a value co-creation marketing approach to investigate as to why Japan despite of having rich tourism resources such as the Komagawa Shopping Center, which the Chinese people find attractive, cannot optimally use them. The Chinese tourists believe that Japan has not being taking enough efforts. However, in our opinion, this is because the shopping centers have been operating based on their own values and the traditional Japanese-style marketing strategy. The value co-creation marketing approach used in this study is structured with the contextual values that the customers determine in their living space–time as its starting point. Our survey methodology comprised fieldwork at the shopping center, surveys of Chinese tourists, and interviews with the shopping center promotion association. We then proposed the measures that need to be taken to commercialize tourism resources aimed at Chinese tourists.

This paper uses software Amos 26.0 to test the hypotheses in the conceptual model to store image, shopping value, and retail performance empirically based on data collected from a formal survey. The study’s conclusions and innovation are reflected in the following three aspects: (1) This paper builds and tested the whole research model, including store image, shopping value, customer satisfaction and store loyalty. (2) The classification system and measurement scale of the five-dimensional store image are developed and confirmed in China’s retail business environment. (3) Consumer shopping value is divided into utilitarian shopping value, hedonic shopping value, and social shopping value, and these dimensions are supported in the context of China’s supermarket stores.

This study focused on electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) sharers and examined the effect of cognition of audience group on what eWOM sharers share and how they feel. According to saying-is-believing research, eWOM sharers may tune messages to their receivers’ attitude when the receivers’ attitude is perceptible, and such tuning may bias eWOM sharers’ attitude for the topic (e.g., a product) toward the receivers’ attitude. An online experiment using the Danmaku platform was conducted to examine these consumptions. Eight-four undergraduate students in Beijing were recruited to participate the experiment, in which the entitativity level and the attitude toward an eWOM topic of their audience group were manipulated. The results showed that participants tune messages to the attitude of their audience group when they perceived the audience group with higher levels of entitativity. Furthermore, audience tuning did bias participants’ impression for the topic toward the attitude of their audience group. These findings suggest that whether to consider multiple receivers as a group affects the eWOM sharers’ review contents and attitude toward a product or service.