The expression pattern of cytokeratins in human normal tongue dorsal mucosa, gingiva, and buccal mucosa was examined immunohistochemically with 9 kinds of anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies (AE3, AE5, 903, No5/6, N. 4, No13, 4.62, CK1, PKK1). All layers of tongue dorsal mucosa, gingiva, and buccal mucosa were positively stained with AE3, AE5, and 903, However, the staining pattern with other monoclonal antibodies varied due to the site in the oral cavity. The corneal type of keratin was detected in all oral mucosa, and the esophageal type was observed in interpapillal mucosa of the tongue dorsum, gingiva and buccal mucosa. The skin type was detected in tongue dorsal mucosa and gingiva, and the simple epithelial type was detected in buccal mucosa. As described above, the expression of cytokeratins was significantly different depending on the sites. These results suggested that the differentiation of oral mucosa must be controlled by extremely complicated and highly organized processes.

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One hundred nineteen hemangiomatous lesions of 110 hospitalized patients (Jan. 1986-Dec. 1996) were investigated clinicostatistically. At the first consultation, 92.4% of these lesions were easily diagnosed as hemangioma. Their ages ranged from newborn to 79 years, and 23% of these patients showed some symptoms under 20 years of age. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.6. The occurrence incidence was higher in females than males.The most common occurrence sites were tongue (32.8%), followed by cheek (21.8%), lower lip (19.8%), and upper lip (11.8%). As for chief complaints, 74.1% were tumor formation. Ninety percent or more of these cases were treated by surgical operations, resulting in good prognosis. The cases accompanied with phleboliths were about 10%. Generally speaking, cases of tumors over 2cm in diameter tended to be accompanied with phleboliths. Amony them, 78.8% of these cases were histopahologically diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma.

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cytodiagnosis method for the diagnosis of herpes virus infection is rapid and simple compared with other methods. However, its diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of herpes virus infection in the oral cavity is low. This may be related with technical problems in obtaining histologic specimens in the oral cavity. In the present study, a new cytodiagnosis method, the Thin Prep (TP Processor), which is based on a new principle for collecting histologic specimens, was used. Ten patients with clinical diagnosis of herpes virus infection which was virus isolation positive at the first examination, were used in this study. Six of these patients had herpetic gingivostomatits, three had recurrent herpes, and one had herpes zoster. The cytodiagnosis results were positive in four patients, including 3 of 6 patients who had gingivostomatitis and 1 patient with herpes zoster. All of the patients with recurrent herpes had negative results. The percentage of correct cytodiagnosis was 40% (four patients). The diagnosis accuracy using this new method didnot differ from that obtained with the convent ional cytodiagnosis method. It was thought that technical problems could affect the results because the method employed in this study new. In order to obtain satisfactory diagnosis accuracy using this method, it is desired to continue evaluation by examining more subjects in future studies.

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The functional expression of CD80 and CD86 and their ligands, CD28, and CTLA-4 in the interaction between T-cells and dermal antigen-presenting cells was investigated by using a hapteninduced murine contact hypersensitivity model. Administration of anti-CD86 monoclonal antibody (mAb), but not anti-CD80 mAb, at the time of sensitization efficiently inhibited ear swelling. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the migrated LC in the dermis express CD86 but not CD80, Further administration of mAb against CTLA-4, which is supposed to transduce a negative signal to T-cells, resulted in enlargement of ear swelling. These data suggested that CD86 on migrated Lc may play an important role for the interaction with naive T-cells in the regional lymph nodes and CTLA-4 may also contribute to this reaction.

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The white sponge nevus was first described by Canonn in 1935. This lesion affected the oral mucous membrane, vagina, and rectal mucosa. In Japanese literature, only 6 cases were reported.
It is said that this disease is caused by an autosomal dominant gene trait?
Histological appearance demonstrated vacuolation in the epithelial layer and epithelial hyperplasia. There was no evidence of dysplasia or malignancy of epithelium. The 7th case in Japan was reported herein.

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There have been several studies suggesting a positive relationship between liver disease and lichen planus. Five cases of occurance and/or exacerbation of oral lichen planes during interferon (IFN) therapy for chronic hepatits C type were presented herein.
There were neither characteristic clinical appearance nor histopathological features in those cases. They were treated with IFNα2a or IFNα2b, and various dose of IFN were used.
It was considered that the effect of IFN on the immune could have system exacerbated oral lichen planus.

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In this paper, Nd-YAG laser therapy for a case of lympangioma of the upper lip was reported. The patient was a 9-year-old male with a tumor measuring 30×20mm on the right upper lip. Histological diagnosis of a biopsied specimen was cavernous lymphangioma. The patient underwent photocoagulation therapy with Nd-YAG laser, because OK 432 local injection therapy had been ineffective. The postoperative course was uneventful and he had no postoperative deformity and dysfunction.

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A case of allergic stomatitis due to contact with denture relining materials and clinical course thereof were reported.
The patient was a 56-year-old female who visited a dental clinic with the chief complaint of incompatibility of the complete lower denture. The dentist used a denture relining material to improve the incompatibility. After this treatment, the patient noticed rubefaction of the oral mucosa and swelling of the lower lip. She was referred to our hospital for further evaluation. The results of the inquiry and the manifested symptoms suggested allergic stomatitis due to contact with the denture relining material. A patch test was performed to find evidence of allergic stomatitis, and positive reactions were obtained for monomer (++) and mixed paste (+).

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