Eight hundred and forty-four patients with pulmonary carcinoma encountered in Aichi Prefecture during the period from 1960 to 1967 were followed up, and an interrelationship between their survival rates and their back ground factors was investigated.
Back ground factors of these 844 cases analyzed here were as follows:
1) sex: male, 612 cases; female, 232 cases, 2) age: younger than 49 years of age, 144 cases; between 50 and 59 years of age, 237 cases; between 60 and 69 years of age, 323 cases; and over 70 years of age, 138 cases, 3) recognition of carcinoma: by manifested symptoms of carcinoma, 471 cases; by periodic roentgenographic examination, 95 cases; and incidentally found in the course of other disease, 57 cases, 4) histology: epidermoid carcinoma 114 cases in male and 20 cases in female; adenocarcinoma, 81 cases in male and 47 cases in female; undifferentiated carcinoma, 73 cases in male and 25 cases in female, 5) first roentgenographic finding: peripheral type, 307 cases; hilar type, 150 cases; and others, 165 cases, 6) treatment: surgical, 87 cases; and nonsurgical, 541 cases.
One-year survival rate was 35.4% in male and 42.7% in female and there was no statistical difference between these rates. Therefore, a further analysis was performed only on male cases.
One year survival rates in the male cases were as follows:
1) 34.3% in the cases discovered with symptoms, 70.5% in the cases discovered by a periodic roentgenographic examination and 22.0% in the cases discovered incidentally during the course of other diseases; the difference between the latter 2 rates was statistically significant (p<0.05), 2) 43.4% in epidermoid carcinoma, 42.7% in adenocarcinoma and 28.2% in undifferentiated carcinoma; the difference between the former and the latter was statistically significant (p<0.05), 3) 41.6% in the cases of peripheral type, 30.4% in the cases of hilar type, and 31.1% in the cases of other types, 4) 58.9% in surgically treated cases and 36.5% in non-surgically treated cases; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).
The most important factors determining survival rates in cases of pulmonary carcinoma seemed to be how the carcinoma is recognized. Above all, it seems note worthy that the survival rate in the cases discovered by a periodic roentgenographic examination was significantly higher than the other cases.

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A female of 35 years of age received routine X-ray examination of the chest, and incidentally abnormal sharply defined shadow was detected in the left upper field of the lung. She has none of complaints throughout. The shape of the shadow was irregular and partly non-homogeneous in nature. A small calcification and some septa were also seen on tomogram. On the bronchogram, the bronchial shift by the shadow was observed. The lung scintigram with ¹³¹I-MAA showed the spaceoccupying lesion coincidentally with the shadow on the roentogenogram.
The thoracoscopic examination revealed white oval balloon-like tumor adjoining the left upper lobe; being pushed in elastically by a probe, dimly transparent and seen as multilocular. The central part of the tumor was regarded as avascular and multilocular and the halo sign was seen by the bronchial arteriogram.
From these findings, the tumor was clinically diagnosed as the benign pulmonary cyst, and subjected to the surgical removal.
The tumor contained gelatinous substance or mucoid fluid.
Histological examination revealed that the tumor was lined with the ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelia and the tumor wall contained glands, cartilages and smooth muscle as well. The hyalinoid nodule showing anthracotic pigmentation, calcification and lymphfollicles were also observed in the wall of the cyst.

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