A squarefree module over a polynomial ring S=k[x
1, ..., x
n] is a generalization of a Stanley-Reisner ring, and allows us to apply homological methods to the study of monomial ideals more systematically.
The category \bm{Sq} of squarefree modules is equivalent to the category of finitely generated left Λ-modules, where Λ is the incidence algebra of the Boolean lattice 2^{{1, ..., n}}. The derived category D
b(\bm{Sq}) has two duality functors \bm{D} and \bm{A}. The functor \bm{D} is a common one with H
i(\bm{D}(M
·))=Ext
Sn+i (M
·, omega s), while the Alexander duality functor \bm{A} is rather combinatorial. We have a strange relation \bm{D}\circ \bm{A}\circ \bm{D}\circ \bm{A}\circ \bm{D}\circ \bm{A}≅ \bm{T}
2n, where \bm{T} is the translation functor. The functors \bm{A}\circ \bm{D} and \bm{D}\circ \bm{A} give a non-trivial autoequi-valence of D
b(\bm{Sq}). This equivalence corresponds to the Koszul duality for Λ, which is a Koszul algebra with Λ
1≅Λ. Our \bm{D} and \bm{A} are also related to the Bernstein-Gel'fand-Gel'fand correspondence.
The local cohomology H_{I
Λ}
i(S) at a Stanley-Reisner ideal I
Δ can be constructed from the squarefree module Ext
Si(S/I
Δ, omega
S). We see that Hochster's formula on the \bm{Z}
n-graded Hilbert function of H_{\mathfrak{m}}
i(S/I
Δ) is also a formula on the characteristic cycle of H_{\mathit{1}
Δ}
n-i(S) as a module over the Weyl algebra A=k‹ x
1, ..., x
n, ∂
1, ..., ∂
n› (if char(k)=0).
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