It is important to express the relation between a design element and sensitivity visually when aiming at agreement formation in participation in municipal affairs type enterprise. In this research, the design element of girder bridge used for evaluation was made to express on the feature map using the self-organization map (SOM). And the view of the reinforcement learning method was introduced and the map on which the visibility of grouping especially made important by agreement formation increased was created. And when renewing at the time, the data of the design proposal was inputted, and the function in which similar data can be searched easily was realized.

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In order to computerize highway projects, we started studies of developing Japan Highway Data Model (JHDM). The subject of this paper is the superstructure in metalbridge. Because its computerization is more improving than other road structures and we can consider the consistency between JHDM and the exsiting information systems. This paper contains the situations of designing works, the situations of productmodels for manufacturing girders, the precedents about standardization of imformations, the overview of JHDM for the superstructure in metalbridge, the effects of using JHDM and future problems.

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This paper is concerned with a quantitative application of the H&T (Hue and Tone) system to bridge sceneries. Main colors of typical bridges in Japan are measured using the JIS Standard Color Chart, and a bridge image analysis is presented for structural types, construction places and bridge lengths to represent psychological images of bridges. Then, a color image questionnaire in the Semantic Differential technique for bridge landscapes is carried out and its factor analysis clarifies their basic factorial structures. Finally, a bridge image-scale to evaluate sensuous bridge scenery is originally provided andit will be expected to be used as a basic index in color design of bridges.

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Construction CALS/ES focuses on the smooth implementation of electronic delivery by setting on standards for data exchange. For bidders and contractors, especially, it is very important to exchange and share the CAD data, which are usually in product model forms. The product models are indispensable for actual construction. But in the river maintaining, it is difficult to describe the complex earth contours in simple product model. So in this paper, project model is proposed firstly, which is composed of terrain survey model, river survey model and structure model. As survey and design object, various kinds of project model were integrated in an experimental system. In the end of paper, the effectiveness of this system is checked. Its advantage and disadvantage are also considered.

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Based on product models, this paper proposes how to set up two-dimensional river survey model in XML, which is composed of plane survey models and cross-section survey models. Moreover, three-dimensional river survey model can be inserted by using these two-dimensional river survey models. The algorithm is also presented in this paper. The pilot experiment was done in Kuzuryu River project located in Fukui Prefecture. In which, its validation is verified.

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The high speed and cheap Internet connectivity have spreaded quickly by ADSL. But the network connection between construction sites and branches still use ISDN line, and cannot attain improvement in speed. First, since the characteristic of network connection of a work place is analyzed, and the requirements needed for the Internet use for general consumers are summarized. And the method of Internet VPN System is described to be sufficiently secured and stabile to a company. As a result of connecting about 200 sites, this made it possible to increase transmission speed to 5 or more times of the conventional ISDN, and to cut cost to 28%.

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Japan Digital Road Map Association (JDRMA) has made the new standard of digital road map database since 1998. One of the main purposes of new standard is to manage the database using spatial temporal information and construct the systems that can input the near future data and supply the latest data efficiently. In this paper, we discuss the way to manage the near future data using the update archive data and spatial temporal differential data.

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In response to the fact that the participation in municipal affairs type enterprise has been increasing, the opinion into which it was made to develop from conventional presentation type CG tool at the public hearing and enterprise explanation meeting at the time of agreement formation is made easy to collect, quick decision-making is made, and a function as a planned support tool for finding out the result is desired. In this research, it positions as 3-dimensional GIS which gave the function of the addition of real-time CG system with virtual reality, i.e., a layer, or the platform of a display change and 3-dimensional model data for the purpose of development of an effective and intelligible tool. Moreover, application to actual agreement formation was tried using built 3-dimensional GIS.

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Neither attribute information nor incidental information links to the plane view for maintenance management, managed drawings, such as a plane view, and protocols, such as attribute information, are separate, and efficiency of the present condition is bad. Then, a plane view with the highest use frequency is positioned as a plane view for road management, and it tries to build the prototype system which attribute information and incidental information linked. In this research, based on the management actual condition, the electronic prototype system which makes a portal site the plane view for management which has a figure, position information, and attribute information per route is built.

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The Spatial Data Infrastructure is constructed by Geographical Survey Institute. However, the data can't be used for the administrative works under the present update frequency, because the transfiguration of feature as the result of the constructions isn't represented. The construction completion report is submitted after completion of road construction. The report can support the update of the Spatial Data Infrastructure. In this study, a method for updating the Spatial Data Infrastructure by using the report was presented.

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In this study, the data making and updating method that RTK-GPS survey was utilized were constructed so that spatial data utilized with GIS is got and updated effectively As former information for making of Spatial data, road registry actual plane figure and private sectors data were utilized. The method that did update of a gap by time-dependent behavior was examined. The method to install Location reference point by RTK-GPS (FKP) survey, and to update by TS topographic survey was adopted. Actually, an expert skill method was applied. Usefulness of expert skill method was inspected. As a result enhancement of citizen service in neighborhood and affairs promotion of efficiency in a private enterprise are possible.

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In maintenance process of concrete bridges, management engineers' share for the bridges increases. For reducing engineers' share, it is necessary that the presented business process is innovated, and new business process is constructed. CALS should be realized.
In this study, the new maintenance business process model is aimed for realization of CALS in concrete bridges. Information models needed in new business process was constructed. The required function for new maintenance business process was analyzed for accumulating, referring, and utilizing information through lifecycle. For realizing the required function, member information model and business information model was constructed.

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For better supporting in making the land-use plans, the Spread sheet-based supporting system for the Land-Use Concept planning (Sp-LUC) are newly designed and constructed. As the kernel system, the land-use capability classification model (Kojima and Obayashi, 1991) integrating the satellite remote sensing data jointly with the geographical information is introduced. The Sp-LUC consists of the following systems; i) Pre-processing system, ii) Analysis system, iii) Post-processing system, and iv) Information providing & management system. The pre-processing system and the post-processing system are operated under the internet-environment, while the analysis system could be executed in the spread-sheet environment. Furthermore, the analysis system is equipped with the following two sub-systems; i) the land use capability classification system, and ii) the mutual regulation supporting system based on the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Processing) method. The system designs on the Sp-LUC might be a good guide for constructing the cooperating system on the spatial data integration and analysis under the spread sheet- and the internet-environment.

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To estimate traffic assignment for urban road network including expressways, we propose a utility model which the stochastic user equilibrium assignment model adopts a diversion function that determines the ratio of traffic demand passing expressways between each OD pair (expressway diversion function). Furthermore, this model is applied to a real-scale road network in Nagoya metropolitan city, the results show good accuracy and it is clear that the diversity of path choice on highway and freeway network.

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The highway traffic noise simulator working with the traffic flow simulator is developed. This system can output the predicted traffic noise as audio utilizing the 3D sound library. This system will be useful to negotiate with the residents around the highway planning area, because the noise of the highway construction and the effect of intercepting noise by the barrier can be shown more realistically.

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A type of dam projects that mitigates environmental load has been beginning to attract attention, such as utilization of excavated rocks, reduction of disposal areas. From this background, quantities, qualities and time characteristics of the materials, that were generated in various constructions, were made into a database and the system to support the dynamic use adjustment among construction subjects was developed by this study. This system consists of various closely related subsystems including the plans of construction schedule, transport network and cost. The study includes integration of these above, in addition to a subsystem to evaluate plans.

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‘The asynchronous distributed type consentaneous opinion making system’ and ‘The project visualization system by way of the Virtual Model (VM)’ have been studied and developed by the authors. Combining of these systems, we would propose a system called ‘Opinion collective type work planning system’ for the purpose of optimizing the construction process. Then, the usefulness and some points to improve will be pointed out by a experimental use of this system in the construction of the Hakkagawa water gate.

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Construction project is related to not only the project site itself, but also the wide space around it. So in civil engineering, terrain information is indispensable because it will affect all the stages of life cycle, including survey, design and construction. In this paper, authors propose that use three-dimensional computer graphics technology to describe the terrain effectively. By this way, the pithead of Kakuto Tunnel was designed. Through the real application, the validation of the method is verified.

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Excavating urban tunnel cause serious public nuisances such as environmental vibration and noise to the residents above the tunnel face. Therefore, it is important to monitor the discharged level of vibration or noise continuously. In this study, the Authors developed the remote monitoring system, which consists of mobile communication devices and sensor technologies for monitoring surface vibration over the excavating tunnel face. This paper describes outline of the remote monitoring system and its installation to the construction site.

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This paper presents a database system for bridge maintenance management (DBSBM) and an inspection report preparation system (IRPS) for periodic inspection that have been integrated into a Bridge Management System (BMS) developed by authors. In order to improve the efficiency of the input function of DBSBM, an updating procedure of the inspection data using IRPS is proposed. DBSBM is designed to be a web-based system so that the bridge management organization headquarters and each branch office of bridge management organization can share the bridge data Moreover, applying the XML to the input and output function of DBSBM, the system is able not only to extend application of data, but also to potentially make full use of some other functions of BMS. Furthermore, compared with the former BMS, the proposed study can significantly clarified the position of DBSBM, IRPS and the other subsystems in the integrated BMS.

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The ultimate goal of this study is to develop an inspection support system for the concrete structures, which is capable of extracting the features of damage from digital image recorded by digital camera efficiently and drawing a damage figure automatically. In this paper, the image processing algorithm and the prototype of the support system are developed for detecting crack on the surface of the concrete structure. First, the cracks in the structure are extracted by using interactive genetic algorithm based image processing. Then, the crack width is calculated. In the end, a case study for crack identification is presented and evaluated experimentally. The results demonstrate the validity of the system.

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Wavelet transform (WT) is a signal processing method to distinguish of the data at space and frequency domains simultaneously, and it is being used as a new tool for road profile evaluation. However, WT has the problem that the resolution of frequency deteriorates quickly in high frequency domain. Therefore a part of frequency ingredient is too difficult to detect spatial transition of change. In recent years, wavelet packet transform (WPT) has attracted attention in various fields as a method, which improved WT. This study applied WPT about road roughness, and compared and considered the analysis result of WT and WPT. As a result of analyzing by use of the PIARC EVEN data, WPT is considered to be the effective analysis method when multi-level decomposition is required such as road roughness.

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Nowadays we should research more ideas on effective usage of our road spaces for transportation planning. We proposed the practical software of micro traffic simulation based on Petri nets in our previous paper. On this simulator, the road space is divided into blocks and vehicle's advance to the forward block is modeled by a visual Petri net composed of place, transition and token. Here, places are defined as corresponding to space occupations. In this paper, we add menu on insert of background image to this simulator and show a method for construction of traffic flow net model for its background image. And applying to simulation of bus priority alternative near bus terminal area, we practice its net model build on real image of the site and demonstrate how buses always queue at the front position though one signal cycle.

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In recent years, the need of the photogrammetry technology for creating a 3D model is increasing. Therefore, in previous study, systematization of 3D model creation that used 2D pictures was realized. However, the technology of performing the improvement in accuracy of convergence photography and automatic acquisition of corresponding points were not established. Then, in this research, we try to get a semi-automation of corresponding points acquisition from initial corresponding point and the improvement in accuracy of convergence photography. Moreover, we chose an applicable field as a residence of the high needs of 3D model. And we developed the system by which everyone could create Web/3D model house by VRML easily. By using this system, we aim at that a purchaser or a lease person can acquire easily exact housing information from Web other than a sketch or photograph information.

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A traffic safety measure is decided from the results of the traffic accident data. Therefore, it is difficult for us to decide the traffic safety measures and to do the previous evaluation for the traffic safety measures before a traffic accident occurs. In addition to this, we have the problem for implementing the suitable traffic safety measures when the traffic flow changed by modifying the road network and developing the new interchange. To solve this subject, we examined the micro-traffic simulation method (NETSIM and Simr) which is used the verification of traffic processing against the traffic safety evaluation. In consequence, we applied our past research results to the micro-traffic simulation and carried out developing the new safety evaluation technics of intersection.

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The objective of this study is to develop the convenient simulation system of the spreading fires at an earthquake. Generally, it requires a tremendous labor to make the data which are used for this kind of simulation. This system needs some attribute data and the coordinate of each residence which can be picked up with a digital residential map in a simple manner besides the data about the wind direction, wind velocity and seismic intensity. A work file is produced with the basic data and the simulation of the spreading fire is formulated as the shortest route problem, which is solved by the Dijkstra's algorithm. The results of the simulation can be shown on digital residential maps of computer display.

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Although it is necessary for infrastructure planning to evaluate its index on cost vs. benefit, it is also important to pay more attention to long perspective viewpoint for its contribution to regional climate creation. In this paper, we propose a supporting system based on so called dynamic colored Petri-net simulator for evaluation of a whole image created by combination of infrastructure and its regional climate. First we summarize the software of Petri-net simulator developed by the authors and its basic functions for image presentation. Following this, we develop an enriched simulator based on the software and demonstrate how to construct Petri-net models and how change colored states of them by a basic application to a tree image simulation of cherry blossoms. Finally we try to apply our simulator to simulate a whole image created by a bridge with a chain of mountains as background, and show its reproduction of real image and dynamic colored presentation of its seasonal rhythmic changing.

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In maintenance and inspection of civil infrastructures and facilities, experienced field engineers can often detect malfunctions or damage by listening to the hammering sound or machine sound in the early stage. In this research, we proposed a malfunction detection methodology by sound data, allowing inexperienced engineers acquire such skill and using PDAs, small laptop computers, and databases, and developed a prototype system based on the methodology. We proposed a simple detection index for diagnosing loosened bolts based on the hammering sound difference. In addition, we developed a system which the user can examine the distant databases and obtain previous sounds, using the web service technology.

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In general, the landscape evaluation of civil infrastructures is done based on the approach which intends to link the KANSEI (sensitivity) evaluation of the whole landscape and dimensions of structures and natural environments. In this research, we focused on the details and propose a new approach, which intends to link the dimensions of 3D shape primitives and the KANSEI information of people watching the shapes and to cluster similar shapes in terms of KANSEI by using questionnaires and the fuzzy set theory. We applied this method to cone primitives and performed questionnaire and analysis. In addition, we designed a system which shows appropriate 3D primitives corresponding to the request of a designer and which has a machine learning mechanism for individual designers. We discussed the application of this methodology to lighting installations of a dam.

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Most construction-related problems such as lack of covering of reinforcing bars, interference among members, bad concrete placement due to densely arranged reinforcing bars can be and should be solved during the design phase. However, the current design practice using two-dimensional drawings makes it difficult to be solved. In this research, an integrated model was developed by using the IFC-based product model for prestressed concrete hollow slab bridges, 3D-CAD system, design checking software, and reinforcing bar covering checking system. A prototype system was developed based on the model, and the system was applied to an actual bridge design virtually for testing. The application showed the feasibility of the methodology and the system.

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Although 3D product models can improve the efficiency of design process, data transferring from a 3D CAD system to a conformance checking system would be repeated until all design members satisfy applicable design codes. Thus, we had developed a multi-agent system that checks the design without user's consciousness. However, agents are more effective when they are distributed in the network in terms of development and maintenance. In this research, therefore, we applied the web service technology to this system so that agents are distributed in the Internet and work cooperatively.

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To support practical utilization and promotion of the satellite remote sensing data, the internet-based satellite remotely sensed data processing and analysis system (termed “In-SAT”) have been developed, which could be operated under the network environment. The processing procedures for satellite data are divided into the following three groups; 1) pre-image processing, 2) image analysis, and 3) post-image processing. Furthermore, in terms of the input or output of data, the presence of parameters in analysis, etc., the peculiar processing and analysis algorithms are grouped into three types. Also, the four kinds of system operating orders are defmed under the relation between the server and the processing data. Based on those system designs, the Software Library Management System (SLMS) has been also constructed. The system designs presented in this study might be a good guide to improve the efficiency in the management and operation of software-library, as well as to keep the continuity and the flexibility of software development.

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After component design using a 3D-CAD system and a product model, if the result of the design checking system is violated, it is necessary to re-design until it is satisfied. Since this increases the number of data transferring, the improvement of efficiency is desired. Thus, in this research, we have developed MultiAgent-CAD to support the user's design by providing a multi-agent system including simplified code checking agents, external condition checking agents, etc., using the function of interoperability by the product model. Further, we have developed a 3D product model of steel structures and applied the MultiAgent-CAD to a sample design case to demonstrate its effectiveness.

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Digital maps are very easily applied as route guide maps. Route guide maps are provided through Web or a mobile phone services, and demand for such services is increasing. However, the production of a route guide map requires a great deal of time. Therefore, it is difficult for general users to make route guide maps. The purpose of the present research is the development of a system that can generate a route guide map using the Digital Map 2500 (Spatial Data Framework) published by the Geographical Survey Institute. This system will not require advanced equipment or expert knowledge. Therefore, anyone can produce route guide maps easily and quickly. By using the Digital Map 2500, the time and cost required inorder to generate a map are reduced. Moreover, a useful route guide map can be created by simplifying the map form based on the human cognitive map

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