Large curved steel plates are often used for ships and storage tanks. They are gradually manufactured from flat plates in many bending steps. If their curvature and deformation can be measured in each step, the quality and process time will be improved. Laser scanners can be used to capture dense points on a plate and to calculate geometric properties of the plate. In this paper, we consider supporting plate-bending processes using dense point-clouds. To support bending processes, it is necessary to identify specific positions on plates while the workers are bending a plate. We solve this problem by generating a mesh model of a plate using a point-cloud and parameterizing it on the normalized space. In our experiments, the properties of plates could be very quickly calculated from point-clouds with practical accuracy.

抄録全体を表示

Medial axis (surface in 3D) is a powerful tool for describing structure of geometric models and is used in various applications such as visualization, shape abstraction and reverse engineering. One of the major issues in medial axis transforms is its sensitivity to topological noises, or its structure is easily changed by small holes. This can be seen in scanned models and this is a bottleneck in the application to reverse engineering. We introduce a medial axis transform method robust to topological noises. Our idea is to use mathematical morphology to fill topological noises. Then, we extend morphological operations so that unnecessary filling by dilation is prevented. As a result, we can fill only topological noises and intrinsic structure of the input geometric data can be extracted.

抄録全体を表示

We have developed similar sub-part recognition technique for 3D-CAD Model described by boundary representation. The purpose of this development is to reduce design time according to reuse of similar sub-part. In engineering design application, designer often want to reuse sub-parts which are included design knowledge. Thus, similar sub-parts retrieval is an important role in design. In this technique, the similar sub-parts are retrieved from a 3D-CAD model described by boundary representation and made correspondence relation surface pairs of a retrieval model and a target model. A similarity score is based on the attributed graphs of a retrieval model and a target model. And, this score is calculated by a geometrical similarity and topological a similarity. Experimental results show that this algorithm can efficiency achieve similar sub-parts retrieval.

抄録全体を表示

In the structural design for electronic equipments, it is difficult to check the insulation distance. Therefore, we are developing an insulation distance check technique for large-scale CAD data. Conventionally, we developed a distance map calculation technique and a shortest path extraction technique using voxel mesh. However, the calculation is too time-consuming for CAD data with thousands of parts. In this research, we have developed an appropriate mesh region technique and a parallel processing technique. We confirmed that clearance and creepage distance using this technique was within 1% error based on the clearance check function of a CAD software. We compared the working time of this technique with the conventional method. As a result, we confirmed that the working time was almost 5% of the conventional process.

抄録全体を表示

Finite element analysis and NURBS-based computer-aided design had been developed independently until isogeometric analysis (IgA) was introduced by Hughes et al. in 2005. Unlike FEA, in isogeometric analysis the CAD geometry represented by NURBS curves/surfaces/volumes are converted to NURBS elements exactly without any approximations. On the other hand, in aerodynamics it is well known that the leading edge radius of the wing profile plays an important role on the aerodynamic performance of the wing. In this paper, we represent the curvature-controlled 2D wing profile in terms of planar B-spline curve, and construct the 2D B-spline surface outside the wing profile and perform IgA in order to examine the aerodynamic performance of the wing under various leading edge radius.

抄録全体を表示

We introduce a method to generate developed paper craft patterns of free-form surfaces based on lines of curvature. Objects that consist of free-form surfaces can be developed onto a plane by expanding the surfaces along the lines of curvature. If we remove all the expanded areas, paper crafts can be constructed by connecting the corresponding edges of the removed areas. Several real paper crafts are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

抄録全体を表示

This paper studies an automatic 3D shape reconstruction of objects using images taken by a camera from different views based on photometric stereo technique. The automated data acquisition system consists of a camera, lighting system that consists of 60 LED bulbs, and a turntable rotated by a computer-controlled stepping motor. We use photometric stereo techniques, which recover surface normals of an object on a per-pixel basis from a set of images captured from a fixed viewpoint under various lighting directions, and then recover the height field function from the normals. Finally we merge all the height field function to reconstruct the object. Examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

抄録全体を表示

In the manufacturing process of machine products, it is very important to automate the manual visual inspection in detecting microscopic surface defects in order to improve the efficiency and eliminate human errors as well. We present an automatic system to detect such surface defects based on iterative photometric stereo techniques. Our system consists of a high-resolution camera equipped with a telecentric lens, and a device to change light directions using 60 LED light bulbs. In this paper, we propose a convergence condition based on the change of amount of albedo. Examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

抄録全体を表示

Terrestrial laser scanners can capture dense point-clouds from facilities such as engineering plants and infrastructures. Dense point-clouds are useful for maintenance workers, because workers can visually inspect facilities without visiting actual places. It is also desired for inspection to visualize points in a stereoscopic way on a head mount display (HMD). However, it is not easy to render point clouds on a HMD at high quality and high speed because the view directions are constantly changing. In this research, we discuss stereoscopic visualization of large-scale point-clouds at high speed and high quality. To improve the efficiency of rendering, we extract points that are visible from two eyes, and reduce redundant points compared to the resolution of a screen. We implement our stereoscopic visualization method and evaluate the performance on an inexpensive HMD.

抄録全体を表示

We have already analyzed enhanced interaction through avatars using an embodied virtual communication system and proposed an interaction-activated communication model based on the heat conduction equation. In this paper, we analyzed the interaction between the talker's gaze and the degree of interaction-activated communication in face-to-face communication, by using an embodied communication system with a line-of-sight measurement device. On the basis of this analysis, we proposed a line-of-sight model, which consists of an eyeball delay movement model and a look away model. Then, we developed an advanced communication system in which the proposed model is applied to speech-driven embodied entrainment character for enhancing embodied interaction and communication. This system generates the eyeball movement on the basis of the proposed model by using the speech input alone to realize smooth and enjoyable interaction and communication.

抄録全体を表示

Voice interaction systems and communication systems with dialog agents using speech recognition have been proposed and developed. On the other hand, a speech-driven embodied entailment CG character called "InterActor" has been developed, which automatically generates communicative motions and actions such as nods for entrained interaction from voice rhythm based on only speech input. However, conventional InterActor generates only positive actions for all of the utterance content but, doesn't generate negative actions. Accordingly, there is a possibility to promote talker's negative feelings by performing positive actions to negative utterance content. In this paper, we develop an advanced speech-driven embodied entrainment character system with response to improve talker's feelings by using speech recognition. In this system, talker's utterance is converted to text by speech recognition, and talker's emotion is estimated from character strings in the converted text. It uses a database that quantifies each word in the estimation of emotion. Then, the system automatically generates embodied entrainment motions or soothing and activated actions corresponding to emotion.

抄録全体を表示

In remote communication, systems such as telephone and e-mail are often used in daily life. In addition, research and development of remote communication systems using characters or avatars have also been actively promoted. On the other hand, we have already developed a speech-driven embodied entrainment CG character system called "InterActor" which generates communicative motions and actions such as nods for entrained interaction from speech rhythm based on only speech input. Furthermore, we have developed an advanced embodied entrainment character system which includes the functions of affective motion and expression from the meaning of utterance by speech recognition as well as the entrained function of InterActor for affective avatar-mediated communication. However, in the system using speech recognition, since the processing of speech recognition is performed after utterance, the delay occurs between the utterance and character's motions. In this paper, focusing on non-real-time processing for embodied character systems, such as voice mail and e-mail, we propose a method for synchronizing the timing between utterance and character's behavior from voice input or text input. Furthermore, we develop a voice messenger system by using the advanced embodied entrainment character system with the proposed method, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in an evaluation experiment by using the developed system.

抄録全体を表示

The previous dithering method for color universal design, lightness contrast dithering approximation, has problems that it changes all of the background of pictures and it is difficult for color vision handicapped person to perceive the detail drawing patterns of pictures in a particular dither size. Therefore in this study, methods of variable dithering and optimal size derivation are proposed. The hypotheses are that using variable dithering method, which decreases the lightness contrast as the distance from the edge of drawing patterns increases, the appearance of pictures for the person with normal color vision is changed less than previous dithering method and also color vision handicapped person can perceive the drawing patterns, and optimal dither size is derived from the shape of the drawing patterns. Color patterns with three lightness contrasts and three dither sizes generated by variable dithering method are evaluated about appearance for normal color vision and visibility for the color vision handicapped. Also, patterns with seven dither sizes including the sample generated by optimal dither size derivation method are evaluated about visibility for the color vision handicapped. The results confirmed the hypothesis about variable dithering method. On the other hand, the results also showed that the sample generated by optimal dither size method does not have optimal visibility. In this study, it is hypothesized that optimal dither size is derived from only the shape of the drawing patterns, but other parameters, for example lightness contrast, should be taken into account.

抄録全体を表示

As a key driver for servitization in manufacturing industries, the concept of Product-Service System (PSS) has been attracting much attention. In the design of PSS, it is notable to focus on value-in-context. Value-in-context can be regarded as a way of thinking that the value of a product is determined by customers depending on their own context of using the product. A context is not stable from both of short- and long-term perspectives. For a sustainable value proposition, it is important to design and manage a transition of the PSS considering changes in the context. This study focuses on long-term changes in the context and aims to develop a design methodology of such PSS transition. This paper proposes a modelling method for integrated design of future vision and transition pathway. In addition, a design process using the proposed models is proposed.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes an Establishment of a guideline of Value Growth Design focusing on material features. In recent years, environmental issues due to mass disposal and energy waste, and lack of spiritual richness have become crucial. Value Growth Design, a design concept, is proposed as one of the effective solutions to that problems. Value Growth Design focuses mainly on the changes over time and on the spiritual relationships between an artifact and its user, such as affection and devotion towards an artifact. The application of Value Growth Design to artifacts design will realize embodiment of artifacts which are focusing on spiritual values and practical values as well as long time usage. In previous studies, 4 types and 9 factors of value growth were extracted. However, the guideline of Value Growth Design has not been established. Thus, in this paper, we establish a guideline which shows necessary elements for value growth, factors to realize the elements, and properties of materials needed to be focused.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes the design of basic architecture in Value Growth Mobility System based on Timeaxis Design. Timeaxis Design is proposed as a design concept incorporating the viewpoint of time into the theory and methodology of design. This concept is expected to deal with issues such as the degradation of the environment and the aging of society. Additionally, Value Growth Design is concept of design, which embodies Timeaxis Design, allowing values of a product to grow through usage. Mobility System is designed to realize a Value Growth Design. In the past study, the concept that applies the Value Growth Design to a Mobility System has been proposed. In this study, we designed basic architecture using Multispace Design Method and SysML. We expressed functions of the system over time and the value that the user fells by the functions in the basic architecture. The basic architecture of the system is expressed by following the Value Growth process and by considering the time scale using the Multi-time scale model. As a result the basic architecture of the Value Growth Mobility System to realize the Timeaxis Design is proposed.

抄録全体を表示

In order to delineate visions of and pathways to sustainable manufacturing industry (SMI), there are difficulties stemming from future uncertainty in external factors (e.g., global economic situations) as well as the diversification of values in society. This is one of typical problems to be addressed in the field of time axis design, which emphasizes the importance of looking at changes according to time evolution. This paper focuses on scenario design as a promising approach to advancing time axis design research. We discuss the potentials of scenario design in the context of time axis design based upon existing scenarios regarding sustainability. With stakeholder participation, designing scenarios of SMI would help come up with new ideas, values, and business models through a mutual learning process.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes the design of the basic architecture for the Health Monitoring Seat System line-up. The Health Monitoring Seat System is a safety device to prevent traffic accidents caused by health condition. However, the current system can only prevent drowsy driving, and cannot consider individual differences. The purpose of this study is to design the new Health Monitoring Seat System that can consider individual differences, and provide functions that work towards the driver's health condition. To realize this system, we applied the perspective of Timeaxis Design. The Timeaxis Design is a concept incorporating the viewpoint of time into the theory and methodology of design. This design concept enables us to design the system line-up, which includes several development stages: STAGE I (existing technologies), STAGE II (developing technologies), and STAGE III(conceptual technologies). As a result, the basic architecture such as the system's requirement, behavior, and subsystems are proposed to realize the system.

抄録全体を表示

For improving competitiveness of services, the concept of service eco-system such as ones proposed in open services innovation is getting more important. To establish a design methodology of service eco-system, we have studied the relationship among stakeholders in a service eco-system and each actions. As a result, we proposed the framework of service eco-system, which expresses the relationship between processes of such stakeholders as producer, user, supplier, user community and supplier community. Then it became clear that knowledge creation, accumulation and application are significant to make a service eco-system sustainable. Hence, as a next step, in this paper, we propose how to depict "knowledge creation, accumulation and application processes" and "functions for each processes". Amazon.com case and Twitter case were analyzed for constructing function representation. There are still many things to be considered, but it would be a useful for construction of a design methodology of service eco-system.

抄録全体を表示

To assist ICT providers to have market-in tool set, skill set and mindset, a workshop about new service development is a practical approach. This paper presents a workshop on service design experience with a series of user-centered service modeling methods. The workshop is designed to learn both human-centered design and service engineering methodologies. Participants start to depict potential customers' and users' demands with a customer journey map. They clarify requirements, identify functions and resources for the requirements with diagrams of service engineering, and establish a service blueprint - the structure and delivery process of service systems to be developed. This procedure strengthens the quality of service design in early design phase. The results showed that the modeling methods and procedures are effective to increase their tool set and skill set. However, evaluation of participants revealed that the procedures may not be adapted to their conventional product-out development processes for the present. To leverage the modeling tool set and skill sets, they need to conduct comprehensive policies towards user-centered service design: standardizing models, extending planners roles, and rearranging their organizations. To nourish market-in mindset and conduct the methods in workshop in real service developments, the roles of designers and organizations need to be extended.

抄録全体を表示

A participatory approach has been widely recognized as a means of designing products, services, policies, and other artifacts in such a way that allows all stakeholders involved to meet their needs. Both experts and stakeholders are usually involved in the participatory design process in order to reflect different opinions. In the context of product design, the popularization of 3D printing technologies would accelerate a participatory approach to designing and manufacturing products by users. Regardless of an increasing attention to a participatory approach in many different fields, research on systematizing a participatory design methodology has not yet been progressed. Toward developing a participatory design framework, this paper performs a literature review and compares several cases of participatory design to extract research needs and challenges in supporting participatory design. Out review results revealed that how experts and stakeholders are involved differs on a case-by-case basis. What is commonly important is that experts' interventions should be kept to the minimum necessary in order to elicit as many stakeholders' opinions as possible.

抄録全体を表示

Product-Service-Systems (PSS), systems which forces on generating higher value by integrating physical products and services have been attracting much attention in manufacturing. To design PSS business model, it is important to select best business model for your company after reviewing many business model in conceptual design stage. However, our business model design workshop have revealed that it is difficult for traditional product-selling manufacturing that inventing PSS business model which includes much service element. This is because PSS business model is far from their traditional business model. Thus, it is necessary to support contriving multiple business model options on the conceptual design stage. Therefore, this study supports manufacturing to design PSS business model and proposes a task management framework for reviewing PSS business model from their product-selling business model. The proposed framework provides the designers with viewpoints and checklists for PSS business model design. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated by an application to example case.

抄録全体を表示

Recently, many researchers have proposed service development methods that provide guidance on HOW TO realize a service. However, difficulties still remain with regard to constructing an organization for service development; i.e., answering the question, WHO realizes a service? To solve this problem, this study aims to develop a method to construct the organization for service development. In order to find insights for developing the method, this paper shows results of case study on concept based service development. In this case study, we extracted tasks in the service development, and then, identified stakeholders who take responsibility for conducting these tasks. Based on these results, this study revealed some insights for constructing the organization that enable to implement a service concept.

抄録全体を表示

Employees in many of service fields design their work by themselves to respond to changing situations. However, processes and results of their work design are not represented and shared with other employees sufficiently. By representing and sharing results of work design, it would become possible to support human resource development and improvement of service quality. In this report, the authors propose a work design support tool implemented in a tablet device. For the representation of work by employees, the authors adopted the unstructured modeling approach. The proposed tool named as DRAW (Design Representation tool for Autonomous Work systems) was co-designed with employees in an elderly-care facility and was applied there. The authors analyzed DRAW data both in qualitative and quantitative manners. As a result, it was clarified that DRAW was utilized to represent results of work design and its data were shared among employees.

抄録全体を表示

Some kinds of the generation systems for the mass-production using alternative energy have been already developed. Therefore, it has not been achieved that the systems using small temperature difference (sSTD) become popular in society. In this paper, a simple model that the processes of the new technologies spread into the society is assumed, then, the requirement spreading the Rankine sSTD is discussed. And it has been pointed out the two rules have to be filled when the sSTD technologies become popular. It is first one that key materials are lying on the big market or create large consumption, and second one that they have high potential of LCA.

抄録全体を表示

Longer usage of products does not always result in better environmental performance. In the case of products that use energy in their use phase, early replacement of old products with new energy efficient products may contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission. In order to find out optimal circulation period, our previous study formalized optimum circulation period of the products in terms of CO2 emission. It also calculated the optimal circulation periods of air conditioner, refrigerator, CRT TV, and gasoline vehicle, soled in 1991-2000 in Japan. In order to evaluate recent advances in energy-saving products, this paper calculates optimal circulation periods of air conditioner, refrigerator, LCD TV, gasoline vehicle, and hybrid electric vehicle, sold in 2004-2013 in Japan. The comparison clarified energy efficiency increases in all products; especially, in air conditioner and refrigerator, and the optimal circulation periods in air conditioner and refrigerator became longer as a result of saturation in the improvement of energy efficiency. The proposed method succeeded in evaluating the transition from CRT TV to LCD TV and gasoline vehicle to hybrid electric vehicle. Finally, this paper discusses advantages and limitations of the proposed method and potential of application.

抄録全体を表示

This paper proposes upgradeable product design method which is the one of the environmental product design methods. Proposed method focuses on manufacturer's sustainability and designs upgradeable products which satisfy the manufacturer's yieldability and environmental responsibilities. Upgradeable product design method inhibits the disposal of an item by replacing only the few components related to its deterioration in value, as opposed to disposing the entire product. In addition, this method usually required to predict future required functions. To address the uncertain design information associated by future prediction of required product functions and component procurement cost, this study obtains ranged design solution which can adapt to future uncertainty by applying set-based design method which can obtain ranged design solutions to proposed upgradeable product design method. By applying to a leased laptop computer case study, proposed method obtains ranged design solution which realizes low environmental loads, low product price, and high profitable upgradeable product. These results indicate the effectiveness of proposed upgradeable product design method for building of a sustainable society.

抄録全体を表示

TokushimaU-UTeM Academic Center (TMAC) was established in 2014 to promote the joint collaboration between the two institutions in terms of education and research. Thanks to the good relationship between the two institutions based on the academic collaboration with alumni network in the past one decade, this unique academic centre TMAC was opened. Presenting the overview of TMAC activities, this paper shows the TMAC research and education units towards academic collaboration, and presents the TMAC Spring Workshop as an example of this academic collaboration.

抄録全体を表示

Pre-workshop training seminar was conducted to make sure students are well prepared for the coming design workshop in Malaysia. This paper discusses the organization and coordination of the training seminar with random input brainstorming and 2 axes-classification discussion techniques. The knowledge was included in order to ensure students to be capable of generating ideas easily in organized way. In addition to that, communication in English had been carried out to promote communication skill of students to encounter the language barrier foreseen ahead. Student were improved very much after the training seminar in terms of communication and commitment in group discussion.

抄録全体を表示

Global collaboration emphasized on professional teamwork. The global design education involves the students' participant that comes from different country: Japan and Malaysia which is conducted as an activity for global collaboration. Besides that, the main objectives of the program are to give the exposure on international collaboration and teamwork to the student and to develop the confident skill by engaging to foreigner students and instructor. During the design workshop, the LEGO Mindstorms has been used as educational tools where the students are required to develop the several autonomous robots. The four critical success factors are recognized: preparation, attitude, teamwork, and communication where it compromising the successful of collaboration program. This paper outlined the implementation of design workshop where the workflow of design workshop is explained well. In the design workshop through robot development and programming, the students' skill and knowledge are tested.

抄録全体を表示

New aircraft are design with one piece flow of monolithic component which contains of thin wall flange and rib. The poor stiffness of the thin wall structure tends to deflect the part during the machining process which resulting in dimensional surface errors. Cutter geometry has a direct influence on the cutting performance and should not be neglected in the machining consideration. Driven by the need to constantly increases the machining efficiency and part accuracy, this paper aim to develop a new cutter design specifically to control the part deflection by optimizing the cutter geometrical features namely helix angle and pitch angle.

抄録全体を表示

The spreadsheet application is widely used in daily application. Taking advantage of availability and flexibility of this software, a shaft alignment program has been developed to solve engineering problems. Shaft alignment is one of the complicated tasks that require special skill and training in solving misalignment problem. Developing spreadsheet based application able to reduce and easily customized. This program uses a macro inside the Microsoft Excel to run the input from the graphical user interface (GUI) and graphical solution display.

抄録全体を表示

Speech disorder issue among people around the world is not a new thing where it affect the way if human communication and interaction. To help by diagnosis, preventing, and treatment for this problem is often been done by medical practitioners who expert in this field especially speech therapist (ST) or speech language pathologist (SLP). Few assessments will be conducted by ST over the patient and mostly the process is still using manual technique whereby the ST relies from their human hearing and their years of experience. This paper surveys the technique and method use by ST at Hospital Sultanah Aminah (HSA) to help patient that suffer from speech disorder especially in articulation disorder cases. Few experiment and result had also been present in this paper where the computerized speech diagnosis system is being tested by using real patient voice sample that been collected from HSA and the students from Sekolah Kebangsaan Taman Universiti Satu. The basic concept of speech especially in a Malay language context had also been described and explained in this paper.

抄録全体を表示

This paper discusses the change of the meaning of brand. In the 20^<th> century, environments and situations did not change appreciably so that the producer can develop and produce products on the same track, If they produced better quality products, they could establish brand in a straightforward manner. As we enter the 21^<st> century, people's requirements became quickly diversified and personalized. And the changes takes place very frequently and extensively, Industries tried to cope with this situation by producing a very wider of varieties of the same kind of products in order to win market competiveness. But this response is disregarding the human nature. It is the characteristic of humans that we can see the future and can have a dream. That is why humans are defined "Homo Faber". We make tools to make our dreams come true. Animals can select appropriate things from nature to use them as tools. But they do not produce tools because they only live for now. Thus, in order to truly cope with the diversification and personalization and with the frequent and extensive changes, fast adaptability becomes a key element in establishing brand in this new sense. Communication and collaboration play very important roles in securing fast adaptability. And modularization will also contribute to establishing this emerging type of brand, which is more process-focused than the traditional product-focused one.

抄録全体を表示

This paper discusses the issue of reliability and the need to move away from the traditional definition of reliability to trust to respond to the quickly growing diversification and personalization and the increasing changes. The traditional reliability as defined by reliability engineering is developed for mass production so that it is a quantitative evaluation using statistical approach. Thus, their model is fixed and it is an open loop approach. And humans are treated just as elements in the system and no consideration as a human was given to a user. The new emerging reliability is called trust and its model is adaptive and it is a closed loop approach with due consideration to a user as a human. This is because a user is the only person who can really understand what is happening now and can make a decision to respond to such frequent and extensive changes of the situations and the contexts. Trust calls for more communication and collaboration and the greatest difference between reliability and trust is although reliability does not grow, trust does

抄録全体を表示

A product form that consumers perceive as attractive is currently being developed by architects and designer based on their experience and intuition. To design a product that has aesthetically attractive form, we should understand the human information processing relating to aesthetic sensibilities. This study aimed to elucidate the cognitive and neural processes relating to aesthetic sensibilities vis-a-vis product forms, using subjective evaluations and brain function measurements. Participants evaluated the subjective impressions of a product form (the front mask of a car), using a variety of adjective pairs (experiment 1). Also, Electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements were performed while the participants were fixated on an image of a product and were aesthetically evaluating the product form (cool, cute, or beautiful. experiment 2). We showed that the process of information processing differed for each aesthetic evaluation of a product form. Since activities were observed in the prefrontal area immediately after the image of a product was shown, it was suggested that the participants were cross checking the product form with their own evaluation criteria from the early stage. The findings of our study have shown the possibility that design elements of an attractive product form may be understood from cognitive and neural processes.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, we analyze the relationship between brain activity and repeatability of actions in the process of embodied knowledge acquisition. Subjects learnt a series of actions as fundamental embodied knowledge as a experiment. Remembering and executing the actions, oxy hemoglobin increase in dorsolateral prefrontal area and decrease in frontal pole. Subjects watched a video crip of a working process, and executed the same series of actions. We conducted same experiments twice. After the 1st experiment, we set up three practice terms. In the observation task, oxy hemoglobin stabilize at a low level in dorsolateral prefrontal area and frontal pole with elevation of repeatability. In the execution task, oxy hemoglobin increase in dorsolateral prefrontal area and decrease in frontal pole with elevation of repeatability. These results suggest frontal pole relate self body imaging and dorsolateral prefrontal area relate working memory.

抄録全体を表示

It is desired the method to analyze ordinary citizen's mental state and transition at social various situation, and the business applicability using that is expected. In Europe, Filmstim which can arouse specific emotional was edited. In this study, we examined whether Filmstim can be applied to Japanese. And we investigated the relationship between brain activity and positive and negative emotion by using NIRS. It was indicated the possibility which can apply emotional score of European to Japanese by explaining contents of film. When arousing positive and negative emotion, it was indicated that oxy-Hb was changed at outer part of right brain. This result suggests that measuring brain activities can use to distinguish whether positive or negative emotion is experienced.

抄録全体を表示

Japan recovered from the great damage of the World War II in an amazingly short time period. But Japanese are boasting now how excellent their technologies are. What they should sell to the world is their superb differential-type capabilities that great changes can be made in a very short time. But they only focus on their integral state how much excellent technologies they developed. In order to be more globally market competitive, Japan should sell their history after the World War II and share their experiences with the developing countries and help them grow up together and establish Win-Win relations.

抄録全体を表示

The current engineering design education in Japan focuses on problem solving and pay most of the attention t hw we can produce better sophisticated products. But if we would like to be competitive in the global market, we should focus more on problem discovery. What technologies are needed locally should be studied and local needs must be identified. Thus engineering design education for globalizing Japan is not to follow the traditional way of convergent engineering, but to establish divergent engineering approaches

抄録全体を表示

In this work, one possible linkage way between the classical and the 3D-CAD based design educational methods is proposed. Concretely, optimal design under imposed constraints of a worm gear screw jack (WGSJ) is taken as the design problem to be solved. Optimal design is sought under two main conditions: to maximize the efficiency of WGSJ, for energy saving, and to minimize the overall size of WGSJ, for compact design. In the classical design educational method, practical training on the assembling-disassembling of the WGSJ is followed by the training on the freehand sketching of the main parts of WGSJ, followed then by the training on the modeling and strength calculus of the parts, performed in parallel with the preparation of the scheme drawings, and the educational process is completed by the training in the assembly and part drawings. As proposed in this work, the training process on the modeling, strength calculus, and drawings preparation can be substantially aided by using the Solidworks software. Additionally, quality of the educational process can be properly evaluated by using a 3D-printer to manufacture (print) the designed parts.

抄録全体を表示

To make a product, it must be mechanically designed and the parts must be machined and fitted. At this time, considering the size tolerance and geometric tolerance is important. Furthermore, the accurate knowledge of the size tolerance and geometric tolerance are one of the most important things required in mechanical designing, even after being employed. Content regards to size tolerance and geometric tolerance are included in the lessons of technical drawings for mechanical engineering and in mechanical designing and drawing. However, these lessons are lectures and many students find it difficult to understand the content of tolerance of fits just by listening to lectures. Therefore, a teaching material was made which made the tolerance of fits easy and instinctive to understand for the students. Through the questionnaire after the class, I realized that the students found the teaching material made it easy and instinctive for them to understand the tolerance of fits.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, we present a rigorous derivation of the topological derivative related to non-linear eigenvalue problems, which can be extended to design problems for photonic/phononic structures. It is shown that the topological derivative of the eigenvalue is associated with the eigenpair of the relevant eigenvalue. The validity of the topological derivative is confirmed with numerical examples by the SS method, in which a fast direct solver with the fast multipole representation of the boundary integral equation is utilised. Also, an example of material configuration design by the topological derivative in which the eigenfrequency is manipulated is shown.

抄録全体を表示

The topology optimization is considered as one of the most promising design methods which has high design capability. Our previous studies have shown that applications of the topology optimization to design devices related to wave problems is feasible by using the BEM and the level set method together. So far, we have successfully developed topology optimizations for wave devices which can minimize the intensity of waves on preset observation points. In this paper, we enhance the appliability of the topology optimization in 2D acoustics, in which we consider a topology optimization with an objective function defined on the boundary. Specifically, we consider a topology optimization to maximize the sound energy flux on the boundary of acoustic materials. By employing the topology optimization to maximize the sound energy flux on the surface of the materials, we can gain a shape of sound absorber which absorbs sound energy efficiently. In the formulation of the sound absorbing material, we use the impedance boundary condition. Datailed derivations and the optimization results of the topological derivatives for the energy flux are shown in this paper.

抄録全体を表示

The Ant Colony Optimization is an algorithm inspired to feeding behavior of swarm of ants. In this study, we have developed a topology optimization method using ACO. Moreover, for improving a convergence of optimal layout, this paper proposes a topology optimization method using the principal stress vector based on ACO. Because, a path from an ant nest to a bait is considered as a structural layout to build an optimal layout through tracing a force flow from force constraint to boundary condition into a structure. Therefore, main stress vector, i.e. principal stresses, of finite element as force flow information is applied to generate a path. In this paper, we demonstrated the developed topology optimization method based on ACO using von Mises stress and principal stress vector as indicator of ant's behavior for minimum weight problem under a stress constraint.

抄録全体を表示

This paper presents a topology optimization method based on the Advanced Artificial Bee Colony (A^2BC) algorithm. The original ABC algorithm is one of the nature-inspired approaches and was designed based on bees' behaviour of their colony. Its algorithm is being believed a powerful optimization method for a global search of huge dimensional design problems. However, bees of its algorithm could not reach to a global optimal solution at short iterations, to narrow down the focus to global search ability. In this paper, we had performed the original ABC algorithm to a topology optimization as a volume minimization problem with 320 dimensional design variables at short iterations. As the result, an acceptable optimal topology structure could not be obtained via this original ABC algorithm. Therefore, an elite strategy and a reference strategy is search with referring to the optimal food have been introduced to the original ABC algorithm for integrating and improving global and local search abilities. And this new ABC algorithm was called as the Advanced Artificial Bee Colony (A^2BC) algorithm. This paper demonstrates the application of A^2BC algorithm to a topology optimization of a mechanical structure, and considers obtained final topology structure through comparison with original ABC algorithm results.

抄録全体を表示

It is quite important, in industrial communities, to design devices in order to let them have required capabilities. In the design process, we sometimes use the topology optimisation, which is considered as the most flexible computer-aided design method. For the topology optimisation in wave problems which is defined in infinite domain, the boundary element method (BEM) is considered as the most suitable numerical method because of its capability of dealing with the infinite domain. Since the numerical complexity of the BEM is at best O(N^2), where N is the degree of freedom, the BEM is required to be combined with an acceleration technique. As one of the most accepted acceleration techniques, we usually use the fast multipole boundary element method (FMBEM) whose computational complexity is O(N log^α N) with small α. In the FMBEM, an algebraic equation Ax = b is solved with an iterative solver in which matrix-vector products are carried out with the fast multipole method (FMM). It is, however, not appropriate to use the iterative-solver-based FMBEM for the optimisation problems since, in the optimisation problems, it is required to solve two boundary value problems (BVP), called the forward and the adjoint problems. Hence, in this study, we utilise a direct-solver-based FMM to solve the BVPs, in which the coefficient matrix A is compressed with an algebraic method. We show that the proposed direct solver can effectively compute the topological derivative in the optimisation process and can solve a topology optimisation problem for 2D acoustics with the impedance boundary conditions.

抄録全体を表示

This paper presents a comparison of the two structures obtained by topology optimization and Michell's theorem for cantilever. The former structure is to minimize the compliance in order to maximize the stiffness, and initial shape of this structure is bulk body. The latter one is derived from Michell's theorem which gives the framework structure of minimum volume and the stress in each member is equal to allowable stress. We confirm the strong analogy between two optimum structures. In this result, topology optimization gives suitable structure like framework from bulk body. We calculate the vectors of principal stress and strain for all the elements and then we confirm that these vectors are along the longitudinal direction of each member and that the upper side of the structure has tensile stress and lower one has compression stress. In topology optimum problem, we also calculate probability density distribution of principal stress and strain for each step. The change in probability density distribution of principal stress shows that a solid structure in topology optimum problem becomes to satisfy one of Michell's theorem.

抄録全体を表示