This paper reports the first observation of a tanaidacean crustacean in the gut of a chaetognath. The female tanaidacean was identified as Pseudotanais sp. in Pseudotanaidae and the arrow worm was a member of Sagittidae. The chaetognath was collected with a small plankton net attached inside a larger beam trawl. The net included bottom sediments, and female pseudotanaids are generally benthic whereas chaetognaths are planktonic, this case of predation thus may have been the result of cod-end feeding in the net.

View full abstract

The type-specimens of one-hundred and twenty taxa of the tribe Adoliadini from Philippines are examined and the classification of species-subspecies relations is revised. With information of the type locality and the current repository of the type or syntypes all of the taxonomic names are shown alphabetically in part 1. The annotated synonymic list is present in part 2.

View full abstract

We evaluated the effectiveness of a survey questionnaire for children using a “picture coloring sheet” based on the response rate and the answers. The questionnaire was printed on the back of the picture coloring sheets (ca. 148 mm × 100 mm), which were distributed ca. 10 days at the special exhibition of insects at the Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History in the summer of 2017. The completed coloring sheets were put on a wall at the special exhibition by children and/or parents; they were later collected and analyzed. The total valid responses in ca. 10 days, which is the number of the sheets with at least one answer excluding prank responses, were 340; response rates of the respective questions within the valid responses were 97.9% to 82.4%. The ratio of males and females within the valid responses of the question is 55.3% and 44.7% respectively. Although more males than females answered the questions, this ratio is not very different from that of questionnaires from other museums. The average age of the answerers was 8.8 years old (standard deviation: 7.5) and the median value was 7. These results suggest that this questionnaire survey will work for children, mainly 7 to 8 years old. This questionnaire survey, however, has some limitations. Due to the small size of the coloring sheet, we had to limit the number of questions included and it was difficult to incorporate sentences concerning informed consent into the limited space. Another limitation is that the sheets were displayed on the wall. We concluded that we should carefully select questions in order to maximize the effectiveness of the questionnaire survey for children as a research method.

View full abstract