Lygaeoid bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea) were collected from the primeval evergreen broadleaf forests and the Cryptomeria plantation of Yakushima Island, Ôsumi Islands, Japan, by Malaise traps. Three families, 11 genera and 16 species were collected. Of these, eight species were newly recorded from Yakushima: Botocudo japonicus (Hidaka), Appolonius oblongus Tomokuni, Lamproplax membranea Distant, Paradieuches lewisi Distant, Neolethaeus lewisi (Distant), Metochus abbreviatus Scott, Pylorgus colon (Thunberg) and P. ishiharai Hidaka & Izzard. The seasonal occurrences of Botocudo yasumatsui (Hidaka) and M. abbreviatus were reported. Number of species and individuals were highest in PW (Western primeval evergreen broadleaf forest) and lowest in CE (Eastern Cryptomeria plantation). A numerical value of diversity index was highest in PE (Eastern primeval evergreen broadleaf forest) and lowest in CE. Cluster analysis based on Horn’s overlap index R0 in each site indicated that composition of lygaeoid species would be influenced vegetation in each site.

Acorn weevils such as Curculio dentipes and Curculio robustus lay eggs in an acorn, and the larvae grow inside the acorn. The body size of imagoes, which affects fitness, depends on the amount of growth in the larval stage. Larval growth is affected not only by the size of the acorn but also by the number of larvae growing inside the acorn. Therefore, at oviposition, females should choose the acorn in relation to the number of eggs. In this study, we examined the performance of larvae that emerged from acorns in relation to the number of larvae that emerged from the same acorn and the volume of the acorn for elucidating the oviposition strategy of female acorn weevils, Curculio spp. We found that the acorns inside which the females laid eggs were larger and more spherical than the others. More larvae emerged from larger acorns. When multiple larvae emerged from an acorn, the average weight of the larvae was less than that of larvae that emerged alone; however, no correlation was found between the average weight and number of larvae that emerged from an acorn. The existence of species other than Curculio spp. inside the acorn did not affect the number and average weight of weevil larvae. These findings suggest that females of weevils evaluate the acorn size and decide the number of eggs to be laid in order to weaken competition among larvae and maximize their own fitness.

The website “Odonata of Ehime Prefecture” (https://sites.google.com/site/ehimenotonbo/) was awarded the Akitsu Prize 2015 by the Entomological Society of Japan. This website introduces 90 species of Odonata, which have been recorded from Ehime Prefecture, Japan, and mainly consists of following pages: 1) pictorial books of Japanese Odonata, 2) instruments for dragonfly collecting, 3) how to prepare dragonfly specimens, 4) message board, 5) body structure of Odonata, 6) historical review of the studies of Odonata in Ehime Prefecture, 7) distribution and seasonal prevalence of Odonata, 8) photos of Odonata, and 9) bibliography.