In Japan the deer ked, Lipoptena fortisetosa, has been known from Hokkaido and Honshu, and it was newly found around Mt. Inunaki, North Kyushu. This species is the only deer ked known from Kyushu. Adult alate L. fortisetosa was collected with net from 2004 to 2006 around Mt. Inunaki where about 700 individuals of the Japanese deer, Cervus nippon nippon, live and L. fortisetosa is presumed to parasitize the Japanese deer. Adult alate L. fortisetosa appeared from May to December, longer than in Honshu. Two deer keds, L. fortisetosa and L. sikae parasitize the Japanese deer in Honshu. Alate L. fortisetosa appears in Spring to mid Autumn and alate L. sikae in late Autumn to early Winter. It was considered that L. fortisetosa was able to appear longer in Mt. Inunaki, until December, than in Honshu, because L. fortisetosa is free from competition with L. sikae in the same niche, due to absence of L. sikae. It was often observed that L. fortisetosa dropped onto the outside of the collecting net of both white and blue in color. In addition, it was suggested that adult alate L. fortisetosa could live for 5 to 6 days without blood-sucking after emergence, because a specimen of L. fortisetosa lived for more than 124hrs. in the petri dish containing leaves of weed, Artemisia princeps.

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Three educational cruises were organized by Tokai University's research and training vessel "Bousei Maru" in the Pacific Ocean in 1999 (37 days), 2002 (44 days) and 2003 (44 days). During each these voyages airborne insects were trapped at sea using a funnel net attached to the masthead. Samples were collected near midday, both while the ship was underway and when in port. Supplementary hand-collections were made on the deck of the ship. In 2005 (36 days), the research vessel "Mirai" made a cruise of the Pacific Ocean in the route from Palau to Honshu, Japan. During this cruise the two funnel nets were constantly used at sea. The one trap was checked once a day at 11:00. The other trap was checked once an hour from 6:00 to 18:00. We discuss the results of our airborne captures with respect to the distribution and migration of insects in the Pacific Ocean. Many species were caught far out to sea, although obviously the counts were higher in samples taken close to shore or in port. Only off the coast of Australia were a high number of insects caught at sea, and the majority of these were fig wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea: Agaoninae). Off the coast of New Guinea Island, living insects such as Chalcidoidea, Agaoninae and Tripidae (Thysanoptera) were caught at sea. In this season, the population of air-borne insects was low between Japan and Tahiti. These results suggested that the wind from nearby land is one of important factors in the dispersal of air-borne insects. Necrobia rufipes (DeGeer) (Coleoptera, Cleridae), Othreis fullonia (Clerck) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), Heleomyzidae gen. sp. (Diptera) and Halobates micans Eschscholtz (Hemiptera, Gerridae) were collected on the deck of the ship far out at sea, suggesting these species can migrate between distant islands. The insect fauna of volcanic islands was much more diverse than that of atolls, and unsurprisingly the composition of air-borne insects reflected that of the nearest land.

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Four species of the subfamily Tineinae (Tineidae) were recorded from bird's nests and pellets, and carnivore feces in Japan. Tinea translucens Meyrick was reared from nests of Hirundo rustica L. (Hirundinidae) in Izumo-shi, Shimane Prefecture and Kawachinagano-shi, Osaka Pref.; Niditinea baryspilas (Meyrick) from pellets of Accipiter nisus (L.) (Accipitridae) in Neyagawa-shi, Osaka Pref.; Monopis pavlovskii (Zagulajev) from a nest of Parus major L. (Paridae) in Uwajima-shi, Ehime Pref., pellets of Buteo buteo (L.) (Accipitridae) in Iizuna-machi, Nagano Pref., feces of Felis catus (L.) (Felidae) in Chichijima Is., Ogasawara Is., Tokyo Pref. and carnivore feces, F. catus or Canis familiaris (L.) (Canidae), in Amami-oshima Is., Kagoshima Pref.; and M. flavidorsalis (Matsumura) from trap of pellets of A. nisus in Hashimoto-shi, Wakayama Pref. These larvae are considered to feed on keratin sources, feathers in bird's nests, and fur in pellets and feces. In Japan moths from nest of Par. major, birds' pellets and carnivore feces were reported for the first time. It is likely that nests of Passer montanus (L.) (Ploceidae), H. daurica L. (Hirundinidae), H. rustica and Columba livia Gmelin (Columbidae) in an urban area provide a suitable habitat for T. translucens in nature, and the moth intrudes into a house from these nests.

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