We present data on life history traits, such as clutch size, egg size (weight) and egg development period, in Cyphostethus tristriatus (Fabricius, 1787) and C. japonicus Hasegawa, 1959 (Heteroptera: Acanthosomatidae). Cyphostethus is a possible sister group of Elasmucha, in which females have been observed to care for eggs and nymphs. The data presented here will therefore be a useful basis for future comparative analyses.

This paper provides a brief review of phylogenetic studies concerning the origin and diversification of the genus Scaptomyza Hardy (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Scaptomyza is a highly diversified group, in which 60％ of 269 species are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, with the remaining species scattered worldwide. Scaptomyza has attracted great interest from evolutionary biologists, because it has undergone an explosive radiation, together with the Hawaiian-endemic genus Idiomyia, in Hawaiian Islands. The molecular phylogenetic studies revealed that Scaptomyza and Idiomyia form a sister clade that is more closely related to the subgenus Siphlodora of the genus Drosophila than to the genus Hirtodrosophila. In addition, our recent study revealed that Scaptomyza and Idiomyia would have diverged outside the Hawaiian Islands and then independently colonized the Hawaiian Islands.