Abstract Tornstam（1989） proposed a concept about gerotranscendence which appears in latter period of senescence. In this paper, the concept was considered that it can apply or not to the old in Japan, where matarnal principle is dominant, and ego（self） and sense of animism are different from those in Europe and America. The result is as follows;（ 1） Maternal principle promote sense of animism and restrain ego function.（ 2） It seems that Gerotranscendence appear in latter period of senescence when ego function decline.（ 3） Gerotranscendence appear before declination of ego function among the old in Japan.（ 4） and therefore gerotranscendence appears in latter period of senescence in Europe and America, but appears in earlier period in Japan.

Abstract

In Kitakata, a city in Fukushima Prefecture, students in 3rd through 6th grade engage in the Agricultural Department in periods of integrated study. The activities of each elementary school were categorized from the website of the board of education in Kitakata and questionnaire results taken from 327 Kitakata elementary students were analyzed in October 2018. In most elementary schools, crops were selected from the crop list recommended by the board of education and the process of planting seeds, raising them, harvesting them, cooking and processing them, and finally eating them were practiced. In Several elementary schools, agricultural support staff and communities were invited to harvest festivals and other related events as opportunities to interact with the communities. 93% or more of the children enjoyed harvesting crops and cooking and eating them and learned to cooperate with others and to eat thankfully.

Abstract

The number of disabled students in higher education institutions has dramatically increased since academic year 2017 compared to the numbers in previous fiscal years. In this study, we examined the challenges for assistance in higher education institutions that is needed for students with disabilities based upon existing documents and the literature. Three aspects were considered: Act for Eliminating Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities and reasonable accommodation, education for persons with disabilities and reasonable accommodation, and assistance to students with developmental disabilities in higher education institutions. As a result, one of the challenges for assistance to disabled students in higher education institutions is the provision of reasonable accommodation for all students as the parties concerned are not just students with disabilities, and improvement of their living environment. In addition, the results indicate other challenges in ensuring the continuity of education support programs for individual students with disabilities in secondary education, the planning of individual education support programs for the study periods of the disabled students who have not been assigned programs and for gray-area students, as well as the planning of transition support programs for individual students in anticipation of the life stage after their graduation, and the implementation of the assistance based on the programs.

Abstract

In project management, the term QCD （Quality, Cost, and Delivery） is often used, which consists of important management elements that must be kept in order to make a project successful. The authors have undertaken support activities for small- and medium-sized companies, and there seems to be a situation in which most companies are having problems of not being able to manage successfully their projects. Therefore, we gathered reports on the project contents and failure reasons, and weighted the impact on QCD for each project.Furthermore, keywords leading to failure were extracted from the report and risk, and analysis and classification of the factors of failures were carried out.